问题：
ActionListener或Action for playerMovement
曾丰茂
我只是试着编一个足球比赛的程序，在完成了所有的绘画和初始化球员和球之后，我现在正处于尝试移动球员的位置。我看了一些关于如何在游戏中编程运动的教程，但它们都使用了键盘监听器。正如我在网上写的，KeyListener不是一个好方法。（是否仍有使用KeyListeners的情况？）。然而，我正在努力实现一个平稳、正确的动作。我找不到以“正确”的方式教授这一点的在线资源。我之所以指定“正确”的方式，是因为我从顶级Java程序员那里读到了一些建议。我正在挣扎着用什么做运动，在哪里实现它？我考虑过使用动作并在一个玩家的内部类中实现它，也许？这是正确的方法吗？
以下是我到目前为止的代码：
快球：
package SpeedballMinimal;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class Speedball{
public static final int AREA_WIDTH = 1400;
public static final int AREA_HEIGHT = 700;
public Speedball() {
}
private void start() {
JFrame mainFrame = new JFrame("Speedball");
SpeedballPanel panel = new SpeedballPanel();
mainFrame.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
mainFrame.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
mainFrame.setSize(AREA_WIDTH, AREA_HEIGHT);
mainFrame.add(panel, BorderLayout.CENTER);
mainFrame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
mainFrame.setResizable(false);
mainFrame.setVisible(true);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
Speedball speedball = new Speedball();
speedball.start();
}
}
Speedball面板：
package SpeedballMinimal;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
public class SpeedballPanel extends JPanel implements ActionListener {
private Timer timer;
private Renderer renderer;
private Player player1;
private Player player2;
public SpeedballPanel() {
initPanel();
initUserInteractions();
initTimer();
this.renderer = new Renderer();
this.player1 = new Player(300, 300);
this.player2 = new Player(500, 500);
}
private void initPanel() {
this.setSize(Speedball.AREA_WIDTH, Speedball.AREA_HEIGHT);
}
@Override
public void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
renderer.drawBackground(g, getWidth(), getHeight());
renderer.drawPlayer(g, player1.getX(), player1.getY(), player1.getWidth(), player1.getHeight());
renderer.drawPlayer(g, player2.getX(), player2.getY(), player2.getWidth(), player2.getHeight());
}
/*
* Playermovement
*/
private void playerMoveUp(Player player) {
player.setY(player.getY() - 10);
System.out.println("Player Y: " + player.getY());
}
private void playerMoveDown(Player player) {
player.setY(player.getY() + 10);
System.out.println("Player Y: " + player.getY());
}
private void playerMoveLeft(Player player) {
player.setX(player.getX() - 10);
System.out.println("Player X: " + player.getX());
}
private void playerMoveRigth(Player player) {
player.setX(player.getX() + 10);
System.out.println("Player X: " + player.getX());
}
/*
* Actions for playermovement
*/
Action player1MoveUp = new AbstractAction() {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
playerMoveUp(player1);
}
};
Action player1MoveDown = new AbstractAction() {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
playerMoveDown(player1);
}
};
Action player1MoveLeft = new AbstractAction() {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
playerMoveLeft(player1);
}
};
Action player1MoveRight = new AbstractAction() {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
playerMoveRigth(player1);
}
};
Action player2MoveUp = new AbstractAction() {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
playerMoveUp(player2);
}
};
Action player2MoveDown = new AbstractAction() {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
playerMoveDown(player2);
}
};
Action player2MoveLeft = new AbstractAction() {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
playerMoveLeft(player2);
}
};
Action player2MoveRight = new AbstractAction() {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
playerMoveRigth(player2);
}
};
/*
* Define keys for user interaction
*/
private void initUserInteractions() {
//define InputMaps
this.getInputMap().put(KeyStroke.getKeyStroke("W"), "player1MoveUp");
this.getInputMap().put(KeyStroke.getKeyStroke("S"), "player1MoveDown");
this.getInputMap().put(KeyStroke.getKeyStroke("A"), "player1MoveLeft");
this.getInputMap().put(KeyStroke.getKeyStroke("D"), "player1MoveRight");
this.getInputMap().put(KeyStroke.getKeyStroke("UP"), "player2MoveUp");
this.getInputMap().put(KeyStroke.getKeyStroke("DOWN"), "player2MoveDown");
this.getInputMap().put(KeyStroke.getKeyStroke("LEFT"), "player2MoveLeft");
this.getInputMap().put(KeyStroke.getKeyStroke("RIGHT"), "player2MoveRight");
//define ActionMaps
this.getActionMap().put("player1MoveUp", player1MoveUp);
this.getActionMap().put("player1MoveDown", player1MoveDown);
this.getActionMap().put("player1MoveLeft", player1MoveLeft);
this.getActionMap().put("player1MoveRight", player1MoveRight);
this.getActionMap().put("player2MoveUp", player2MoveUp);
this.getActionMap().put("player2MoveDown", player2MoveDown);
this.getActionMap().put("player2MoveLeft", player2MoveLeft);
this.getActionMap().put("player2MoveRight", player2MoveRight);
}
private void initTimer() {
timer = new Timer(1, this);
timer.start();
}
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
repaint();
}
}
渲染器：
package SpeedballMinimal;
import java.awt.*;
public class Renderer {
public Renderer() {
}
public void drawBackground(Graphics g, int areaWidth, int areaHeight) {
g.setColor(new Color(106, 237, 49));
g.fillRect(0,0, areaWidth, areaHeight);
}
public void drawPlayer(Graphics g, int playerX, int playerY, int playerWidth, int playerHeight) {
g.setColor(Color.BLACK);
g.fillOval(playerX, playerY, playerWidth, playerHeight);
}
}
玩家：
package SpeedballMinimal;
import java.util.Random;
public class Player {
private int x;
private int y;
private int width;
private int height;
private int velocity = 2;
private Random rand = new Random();
public Player() {
this.x = 300;
this.y = 300;
this.width = 50;
this.height = 50;
}
public int getX() {
return x;
}
public void setX(int x) {
this.x = x;
}
public int getY() {
return y;
}
public void setY(int x) {
this.y = y;
}
public int getWidth() {
return width;
}
public void setWidth(int width) {
this.width = width;
}
public int getHeight() {
return height;
}
public void setHeight(int height) {
this.height = height;
}
}
编辑：
我编辑了我的代码到一个最小的例子。这个代码在我的JPanel上产生一个椭圆形。我试图按照建议用KeyBindings为这个椭圆形创建运动。我使用了以下资源：
- 如何使用密钥绑定而不是密钥监听器
- https://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/uiswing/misc/keybinding.html
我现在想解决以下问题：
- 我不能同时移动两个玩家，我在网上找不到任何方法来解决这个问题。当玩家1移动时，我按下玩家2的向上键，玩家1停止移动。现在我想知道，我如何让两个玩家同时移动
编辑2：
这是我基于c0der答案的新代码
SpeedballPanel（课程已更改）：
package SpeedballMinimal;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.util.ArrayList;
public class SpeedballPanel extends JPanel {
private Renderer renderer;
private Player player1;
private Player player2;
public SpeedballPanel() {
initPanel();
initUserInteractions();
this.renderer = new Renderer();
this.player1 = new Player(Team.ONE);
this.player2 = new Player(Team.TWO);
}
private void initPanel() {
this.setSize(Speedball.AREA_WIDTH, Speedball.AREA_HEIGHT);
}
@Override
public void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
super.paintComponent(g);
renderer.drawBackground(g, getWidth(), getHeight());
renderer.drawField(g, getWidth(), getHeight());
renderer.drawGoals(g, getWidth(), getHeight());
renderer.drawPlayer(g, player1.getX(), player1.getY(), player1.getWidth(), player1.getHeight());
renderer.drawPlayer(g, player2.getX(), player2.getY(), player2.getWidth(), player2.getHeight());
}
/*
* Playermovement
*/
private void movePlayer(Player player, MovementDirection direction) {
if (direction == MovementDirection.UP) {
player.setY(player.getY() - 10);
}
if (direction == MovementDirection.DOWN) {
player.setY(player.getY() + 10);
}
if (direction == MovementDirection.LEFT) {
player.setX(player.getX() - 10);
}
if (direction == MovementDirection.RIGHT) {
player.setX(player.getX() + 10);
}
repaint();
}
/*
* Actions for playermovement
*/
Action player1MoveUp = new AbstractAction() {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
movePlayer(player1, MovementDirection.UP);
}
};
Action player1MoveDown = new AbstractAction() {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
movePlayer(player1, MovementDirection.DOWN);
}
};
Action player1MoveLeft = new AbstractAction() {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
movePlayer(player1, MovementDirection.LEFT);
}
};
Action player1MoveRight = new AbstractAction() {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
movePlayer(player1, MovementDirection.RIGHT);
}
};
Action player2MoveUp = new AbstractAction() {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
movePlayer(player2, MovementDirection.UP);
}
};
Action player2MoveDown = new AbstractAction() {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
movePlayer(player2, MovementDirection.DOWN);
}
};
Action player2MoveLeft = new AbstractAction() {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
movePlayer(player2, MovementDirection.LEFT);
}
};
Action player2MoveRight = new AbstractAction() {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
movePlayer(player2, MovementDirection.RIGHT);
}
};
/*
* Define keys for user interaction
*/
private void initUserInteractions() {
//define InputMaps
this.getInputMap().put(KeyStroke.getKeyStroke("W"), "player1MoveUp");
this.getInputMap().put(KeyStroke.getKeyStroke("S"), "player1MoveDown");
this.getInputMap().put(KeyStroke.getKeyStroke("A"), "player1MoveLeft");
this.getInputMap().put(KeyStroke.getKeyStroke("D"), "player1MoveRight");
this.getInputMap().put(KeyStroke.getKeyStroke("UP"), "player2MoveUp");
this.getInputMap().put(KeyStroke.getKeyStroke("DOWN"), "player2MoveDown");
this.getInputMap().put(KeyStroke.getKeyStroke("LEFT"), "player2MoveLeft");
this.getInputMap().put(KeyStroke.getKeyStroke("RIGHT"), "player2MoveRight");
//define ActionMaps
this.getActionMap().put("player1MoveUp", player1MoveUp);
this.getActionMap().put("player1MoveDown", player1MoveDown);
this.getActionMap().put("player1MoveLeft", player1MoveLeft);
this.getActionMap().put("player1MoveRight", player1MoveRight);
this.getActionMap().put("player2MoveUp", player2MoveUp);
this.getActionMap().put("player2MoveDown", player2MoveDown);
this.getActionMap().put("player2MoveLeft", player2MoveLeft);
this.getActionMap().put("player2MoveRight", player2MoveRight);
}
}
MovementDirection（已创建枚举）：
package SpeedballMinimal;
public enum MovementDirection {
UP, DOWN, LEFT, RIGHT
}
注意：剩余的类没有改变
实际上，我不想随机或自动移动player2，我希望它通过箭头键移动，就像我在输入地图的定义中看到的那样。但是我仍然有同样的问题，当我试图用WASD键移动player1，并试图用向上、向下、向左、向右箭头键同时移动player2时，第一个移动的玩家停止移动，另一个玩家开始移动，但是他们不能同时移动。抱歉，如果我在第一篇文章中对玩家的移动不清楚。
共有1个答案
时恩
从代码中可以假设你想让计时器移动另一个球
根据以下代码应用更改以移动玩家1（关键操作是移动玩家2，尽管您希望它移动玩家1。我没有检查原因）。
private void initTimer() {
timer = new Timer(500, this);
timer.start();
}
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
//move player 1
randomMovePlayer(player1);
repaint();
}
//randomly move player
private void randomMovePlayer(Player player) {
Random rand = new Random(); //refactor it to a field
float direction = rand.nextFloat();
if(direction < .25) {
playerMoveLeft(player);
}else if(direction < .5) {
playerMoveUp(player);
}else if(direction < .75) {
playerMoveDown(player);
}else {
playerMoveRigth(player1);
}
//todo improve logic to get the right movement within bounds
}
另外，在移动后需要重新绘制的四种移动方法中的每一种：
private void playerMoveUp(Player player) {
player.setY(player.getY() - 10);
System.out.println("Player Y: " + player.getY());
repaint(); //repaint after each move
}
附注：所有四个动作都可以用一种方法来处理：
enum Direction{LEFT, RIGHT, UP, DOWN};
private void movePalyer(Player player, Direction dir) {
//todo move logic
}
响应编辑2：
尝试在按下键时开始连续运动（通过启动计时器），并在释放相同的键时停止它。
//do on w key press
this.getInputMap().put(KeyStroke.getKeyStroke(KeyEvent.VK_W,0, false), "player1MoveUp");
//do on w key release
this.getInputMap().put(KeyStroke.getKeyStroke(KeyEvent.VK_W,0, true), "stop");
Action player1MoveUp = new AbstractAction() {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
move(new AbstractAction() {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0) {
movePlayer(player1, MovementDirection.UP);
}
});
}
};
//note that you can't use the same timer for both
//players if you don't want a button release stop both
private void move(Action play) {
if((timer !=null) && timer.isRunning()) { //timer is a field
return;
}
timer = new Timer(100, play);
timer.setInitialDelay(0);
timer.start();
}
Action stop = new AbstractAction() {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
timer.stop();
}
};
类似资料：
-
问题内容： 我有一个JTable 作为数据。现在，我想检测双击JLabel或表单元格（但仅在其中一列中）。如何在JLabel分别表单元格上添加Action / MouseListener？ 问题答案： 怎么样：
-
当用户与组件交互时，例如h:commandButton或h:link，JSF会触发可以通过两种方式处理的动作事件。 S.No 技术与描述 1 Method Binding 在UI Component的actionListener属性中传递托管bean方法的名称。 2 ActionListener 实现ActionListener接口并将实现类名称传递给UI Component的actionList
-
处理ActionEvent的类应该实现此接口。该类的对象必须在组件中注册。 可以使用addActionListener（）方法注册该对象。 当动作事件发生时，将调用该对象的actionPerformed方法。 接口声明 以下是java.awt.event.ActionListener接口的声明: public interface ActionListener extends EventLis
-
处理ActionEvent的类应该实现此接口。 该类的对象必须在组件中注册。 可以使用addActionListener()方法注册该对象。 当动作事件发生时，将调用该对象的actionPerformed方法。 接口声明 (Interface Declaration) 以下是java.awt.event.ActionListener接口的声明 - public interface ActionLi
-
问题内容： 我想知道是否可以测试是否单击了JMenu（而不是JMenuItem）。我尝试向其中添加一个ActionListener，但似乎无法识别它。我只需要它在按下JMenu按钮时执行一个操作，以便可以在打开菜单之前更改该菜单的JMenuItems。也欢迎所有取得这一结果的工作！ 谢谢 问题答案： 对于使用 码 仅用于ButtonModel
-
问题内容： 嘿，大家晚上好，我对名为“提交”的第二个按钮有问题，因为我无法将我输入的所有信息都转移到框架中的空JList中，这是我的代码，到目前为止，我的问题是如果我单击“提交”，我的所有信息都将出现在我的代码中框架中的消息区域需要列出。谢谢 问题答案： 好吧，据我所知，这将从Fields中获取信息，并将其放入您在那里的列表中 b2.addActionListener（new ActionList