使用Avro在单个Kafka主题中使用多种消息类型

Question

我有一个建立在Kafka之上的事件源应用程序。目前，我有一个主题中有多个消息类型。所有序列化/反序列化的JSON。

那么这种方法如何与Kafka流媒体应用程序一起工作呢？在该应用程序中，您需要指定一个键和值serde？

我是不是应该忘了Avro而改用protobuff呢？

Answer 1

这是从发布不同类型事件的主题获取数据的consumer示例：

package com.kafka.schema;

import com.phonebook.Employee;
import com.phonebook.Milestone;
import io.confluent.kafka.serializers.KafkaAvroDeserializer;
import io.confluent.kafka.serializers.KafkaAvroDeserializerConfig;
import io.confluent.kafka.serializers.KafkaAvroSerializerConfig;
import io.confluent.kafka.serializers.subject.TopicRecordNameStrategy;
import org.apache.avro.generic.GenericRecord;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.Consumer;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.ConsumerConfig;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.ConsumerRecords;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.KafkaConsumer;
import org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.LongDeserializer;

import java.time.Duration;
import java.time.temporal.ChronoUnit;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Properties;
import java.util.stream.IntStream;

public class AvroConsumer {

    private static Consumer<Long, GenericRecord> createConsumer() {
        Properties props = new Properties();
        props.put(ConsumerConfig.BOOTSTRAP_SERVERS_CONFIG, Const.BOOTSTRAP_SERVERS);
        props.put(ConsumerConfig.GROUP_ID_CONFIG, "KafkaExampleAvroConsumer");
        props.put(ConsumerConfig.KEY_DESERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG, LongDeserializer.class.getName());
        // Use Kafka Avro Deserializer.
        props.put(ConsumerConfig.VALUE_DESERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG, KafkaAvroDeserializer.class.getName());
        props.put(ConsumerConfig.AUTO_OFFSET_RESET_CONFIG, "earliest");

        // Use Specific Record or else you get Avro GenericRecord.
        // props.put(KafkaAvroDeserializerConfig.SPECIFIC_AVRO_READER_CONFIG, "true");

        // Schema registry location.
        // Run Schema Registry on 8081
        props.put(KafkaAvroDeserializerConfig.SCHEMA_REGISTRY_URL_CONFIG, Const.SCHEMA_REGISTRY);
        props.put(KafkaAvroSerializerConfig.VALUE_SUBJECT_NAME_STRATEGY, TopicRecordNameStrategy.class.getName());
        return new KafkaConsumer<>(props);
    }

    public static void main(String... args) {
        final Consumer<Long, GenericRecord> consumer = createConsumer();
        consumer.subscribe(Collections.singletonList(Const.TOPIC));
        IntStream.range(1, 100).forEach(index -> {
            final ConsumerRecords<Long, GenericRecord> records = consumer.poll(Duration.of(100, ChronoUnit.MILLIS));
            if (records.count() == 0) {
                System.out.println("None found");
            } else {
                records.forEach(record -> {
                    GenericRecord recValue = record.value();
                    System.out.printf("%s %d %d %s \n", record.topic(), record.partition(), record.offset(), recValue);
                });
            }
        });
    }
}

这里重要的部分是：

props.put(KafkaAvroSerializerConfig.VALUE_SUBJECT_NAME_STRATEGY, TopicRecordNameStrategy.class.getName());