我目前正在构建一个Maven项目,其中也包括Eclipse中的TestNg库。我使用最新的Selenium版本3.8.1运行在Java 8上(从Java 9切换过来,因为我听说这会导致其他版本的问题)。我的项目运行顺利,没有任何问题,测试运行良好,然后它开始抛出< code > NullPointerException s。我尝试再次构建项目,但没有成功。
这是我的设置:
下面是TestBase类,其中我使用了< code>@BeforeSuite和< code>@AfterSuite来实例化WebDriver。这将顺利启动。
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Properties;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.ie.InternetExplorerDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.remote.DesiredCapabilities;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterSuite;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeSuite;
public class TestBaseMaven {
public WebDriver driver;
public static FileInputStream fis;
public static FileInputStream fis1;
public static Properties config = new Properties();
public static Properties OR = new Properties();
public static Logger log;
@BeforeSuite
public void setUp() throws IOException, InterruptedException {
fis = new FileInputStream("C:\\Users\\Kohout\\eclipse-workspace\\MavenProjects\\MavenProject2\\src\\test\\resources\\properties\\Config.properties");
config.load(fis);
fis1 = new FileInputStream("C:\\Users\\Kohout\\eclipse-workspace\\MavenProjects\\MavenProject2\\src\\test\\resources\\properties\\OR.properties");
OR.load(fis1);
if(driver==null) {
if(config.getProperty("browser").equals("chrome")) {
System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "C:\\Users\\Kohout\\eclipse-workspace\\MavenProjects\\MavenProject2\\src\\test\\resources\\executables\\chromedriver.exe");
driver = new ChromeDriver();
} else if(config.getProperty("browser").equals("firefox")) {
System.setProperty("webdriver.gecko.driver", "C:\\Users\\Kohout\\eclipse-workspace\\MavenProjects\\MavenProject2\\src\\test\\resources\\executables\\geckodriver.exe");
DesiredCapabilities dc = DesiredCapabilities.firefox();
dc.setCapability("marionette", true);
driver=new FirefoxDriver();
} else if(config.getProperty("browser").equals("ie")) {
System.setProperty("webdriver.ie.driver", "C:\\Users\\Kohout\\eclipse-workspace\\MavenProjects\\MavenProject2\\src\\test\\resources\\executables\\IEDriverServer.exe");
driver = new InternetExplorerDriver();
}
}
driver.get(config.getProperty("testUrl"));
driver.manage().window().maximize();
Thread.sleep(2000);
}
public boolean isElementPresent(By by) {
try {
driver.findElement(by);
return true;
} catch(Throwable t) {
return false;
}
}
@AfterSuite
public void tearDown() {
if(driver!=null) {
driver.quit();
}
}
}
这是我的第一个测试,也运行良好,正在通过。虽然有时这也会在我使用< code>Webdriver时抛出< code > NullPointerException ,例如在< code>driver.findElement中...
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.testng.Assert;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;
import com.kohout.base.TestBaseMaven;
public class ManagerLoginTest extends TestBaseMaven {
@Test
public void managerLoginTest() throws InterruptedException {
driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(config.getProperty("managerLogin"))).click();
Thread.sleep(2000);
Assert.assertTrue(isElementPresent(By.cssSelector(OR.getProperty("addCust"))));
}
}
这是我的第二个测试。现在无论出于什么原因,每当我使用实例化的驱动程序变量(实例化在@BeforeSuite
中)时,这个总是会抛出NullPointerException
。
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;
import com.kohout.base.TestBaseMaven;
public class AddCustomerTest extends TestBaseMaven {
@Test
public void addCustomerTest() {
driver.findElement(By.xpath("/html/body/div[3]/div/div[2]/div/div[1]/button[1]"));
}
}
以下是我的堆栈跟踪:
java.lang.NullPointerException
at com.kohout.testcases.AddCustomerTest.addCustomerTest(AddCustomerTest.java:14)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
at org.testng.internal.MethodInvocationHelper.invokeMethod(MethodInvocationHelper.java:124)
at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeMethod(Invoker.java:571)
at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeTestMethod(Invoker.java:707)
at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeTestMethods(Invoker.java:979)
at org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.invokeTestMethods(TestMethodWorker.java:125)
at org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.run(TestMethodWorker.java:109)
at org.testng.TestRunner.privateRun(TestRunner.java:648)
at org.testng.TestRunner.run(TestRunner.java:505)
at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runTest(SuiteRunner.java:455)
at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runSequentially(SuiteRunner.java:450)
at org.testng.SuiteRunner.privateRun(SuiteRunner.java:415)
at org.testng.SuiteRunner.run(SuiteRunner.java:364)
at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.runSuite(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:52)
at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.run(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:84)
at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesSequentially(TestNG.java:1187)
at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesLocally(TestNG.java:1116)
at org.testng.TestNG.runSuites(TestNG.java:1028)
at org.testng.TestNG.run(TestNG.java:996)
at org.testng.remote.AbstractRemoteTestNG.run(AbstractRemoteTestNG.java:114)
at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.initAndRun(RemoteTestNG.java:251)
at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.main(RemoteTestNG.java:77)
我还想包括我的testng.xml,我也在pom.xml中称之为:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE suite SYSTEM "http://testng.org/testng-1.0.dtd">
<suite name="Bank Suite">
<test name="Login Test">
<classes>
<class name="com.kohout.testcases.ManagerLoginTest"/>
<class name="com.kohout.testcases.AddCustomerTest"/>
</classes>
</test> <!-- Test -->
</suite> <!-- Suite -->
这也是我的POM.xml:
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.kohout</groupId>
<artifactId>MavenProject2</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<dependencies>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.seleniumhq.selenium/selenium-java -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
<artifactId>selenium-java</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.testng/testng -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.testng</groupId>
<artifactId>testng</artifactId>
<version>6.13.1</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.poi/poi -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
<artifactId>poi</artifactId>
<version>3.6</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.poi/poi-ooxml -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
<artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>
<version>3.6</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.poi/poi-ooxml-schemas -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
<artifactId>poi-ooxml-schemas</artifactId>
<version>3.6</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.xmlbeans/xmlbeans -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.xmlbeans</groupId>
<artifactId>xmlbeans</artifactId>
<version>2.6.0</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<pluginManagement>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.20.1</version>
<configuration>
<suiteXmlFiles>
<suitXmlFile>C:\Users\Kohout\eclipse-workspace\MavenProjects\MavenProject2\testng.xml</suitXmlFile>
</suiteXmlFiles>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</pluginManagement>
</build>
</project>
谢谢你的时间和帮助。
问题出在您的测试代码中。您正在使用基类中的@BeforeSuite
注释来初始化WebDriver
实例。
TestNG 仅执行一次@BeforeSuite带注释的方法
如果测试类只有一个
@test
方法,请将其更改为开始使用@BeforeClass。
变量(或者)您应该利用一个TestNG侦听器来初始化webdriver,然后查询webdriver实例。如果您的测试类有多个< code>@Test
方法,那么您应该基本上利用一个< code>ThreadLocal
您可以参考我在这里的博客文章,了解如何使用TestNG侦听器来促进并行执行。
这是一个示例,它显示了线程局部变体的样子
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.ie.InternetExplorerDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.remote.DesiredCapabilities;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterMethod;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Properties;
import java.util.logging.Logger;
public class TestBaseMavenRefactored {
private static final String PREFIX = "C:\\Users\\Kohout\\eclipse-workspace\\MavenProjects\\MavenProject2";
private static final ThreadLocal<WebDriver> driver = new ThreadLocal<>();
private Properties config = new Properties();
private Properties OR = new Properties();
public static Logger log;
protected WebDriver getDriver() {
return driver.get();
}
protected Properties getConfig() {
return config;
}
public Properties getOR() {
return OR;
}
private void cleanupDriver() {
driver.get().quit();
driver.remove();
}
@BeforeMethod
public void setUp() throws IOException, InterruptedException {
FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(PREFIX + "\\src\\test\\resources\\properties\\Config.properties");
config.load(fis);
FileInputStream fis1 = new FileInputStream(PREFIX + "\\src\\test\\resources\\properties\\OR.properties");
OR.load(fis1);
switch (config.getProperty("browser")) {
case "chrome":
System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", PREFIX + "\\src\\test\\resources\\executables\\chromedriver.exe");
driver.set(new ChromeDriver());
break;
case "firefox":
System.setProperty("webdriver.gecko.driver", PREFIX + "\\src\\test\\resources\\executables\\geckodriver.exe");
DesiredCapabilities dc = DesiredCapabilities.firefox();
dc.setCapability("marionette", true);
driver.set(new FirefoxDriver());
break;
case "ie":
System.setProperty("webdriver.ie.driver", PREFIX + "\\src\\test\\resources\\executables\\IEDriverServer.exe");
driver.set(new InternetExplorerDriver());
break;
}
getDriver().get(config.getProperty("testUrl"));
getDriver().manage().window().maximize();
Thread.sleep(2000);
}
public boolean isElementPresent(By by) {
try {
getDriver().findElement(by);
return true;
} catch (Throwable t) {
return false;
}
}
@AfterMethod
public void tearDown() {
cleanupDriver();
}
}
下面是重构后的测试类的样子:
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.testng.Assert;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;
public class ManagerLoginTest extends TestBaseMavenRefactored {
@Test
public void managerLoginTest() throws InterruptedException {
getDriver().findElement(By.cssSelector(getConfig().getProperty("managerLogin"))).click();
Thread.sleep(2000);
Assert.assertTrue(isElementPresent(By.cssSelector(getOR().getProperty("addCust"))));
}
}
有没有任何一个测试REST API的使用硒网络驱动程序Maven TestNG。请分享信息或样本项目
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