androidManifest错误:Android:需要为< activity> [duplicate]显式指定exported

Question

当我更改目标并将SDK版本从30编译为31时，我得到了一个错误。类似于这个问题，但它没有答案。

错误:android:exported需要为显式指定。当相应的组件定义了意图过滤器时，针对Android 12和更高版本的应用需要为< code>android:exported指定一个显式值。详见https://developer . Android . com/guide/topics/manifest/activity-element # exported。

但是所有带有intent-filter的活动都已经有了< code>andoird:exported属性。我的android清单:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    package="com.bsuir.testapp.presentation">

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_BACKGROUND_LOCATION" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_SCAN" tools:node="remove" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_SCAN" />

    <application
        android:name="com.bsuir.testapp.presentation.App"
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:theme="@style/Theme.ComposePagination"
        android:supportsRtl="true">

        <activity
            android:name=".screens.launchscreen.SplashScreen"
            android:theme="@style/SplashTheme"
            android:screenOrientation="portrait"
            android:exported="false">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
        <activity
            android:name=".screens.history.view.HistoryActivity"
            android:label="@string/history_name"
            android:theme="@style/Theme.ComposePagination.NoActionBar"
            android:screenOrientation="portrait"/>
        <activity
            android:name=".screens.availabledevices.view.AvailableDevicesActivity"
            android:label="@string/devices_name"
            android:theme="@style/Theme.ComposePagination.NoActionBar"
            android:screenOrientation="portrait"/>
        <activity
            android:name=".screens.settings.view.SettingsActivity"
            android:label="@string/settings_name"
            android:theme="@style/Theme.ComposePagination.NoActionBar"
            android:screenOrientation="portrait"/>
        <activity
            android:name=".screens.dashboard.view.DashboardActivity"
            android:label="@string/app_name"
            android:screenOrientation="portrait"/>

        <provider
            android:name="androidx.core.content.FileProvider"
            android:authorities="${applicationId}.provider"
            android:exported="false"
            android:grantUriPermissions="true">
            <meta-data
                android:name="android.support.FILE_PROVIDER_PATHS"
                android:resource="@xml/file_provider_paths" />
        </provider>
    </application>

</manifest>

导致错误的原因可能是什么？

Answer 1

   <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
  <manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
package="com.bsuir.testapp.presentation">

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_BACKGROUND_LOCATION" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_SCAN" tools:node="remove" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_SCAN" />

<application
    android:name="com.bsuir.testapp.presentation.App"
    android:allowBackup="true"
    android:label="@string/app_name"
    android:theme="@style/Theme.ComposePagination"
    android:supportsRtl="true">

    <activity
        android:name=".screens.launchscreen.SplashScreen"
        android:theme="@style/SplashTheme"
        android:screenOrientation="portrait"
        android:exported="true">
        <intent-filter>
            <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

            <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
        </intent-filter>
    </activity>
    <activity
        android:exported="false"
        android:name=".screens.history.view.HistoryActivity"
        android:label="@string/history_name"android:exported="true"
        android:theme="@style/Theme.ComposePagination.NoActionBar"
        android:screenOrientation="portrait"/>
    <activity
        android:exported="false"
        android:name=".screens.availabledevices.view.AvailableDevicesActivity"
        android:label="@string/devices_name"
        android:theme="@style/Theme.ComposePagination.NoActionBar"
        android:screenOrientation="portrait"/>
    <activity
        android:exported="false"
        android:name=".screens.settings.view.SettingsActivity"
        android:label="@string/settings_name"
        android:theme="@style/Theme.ComposePagination.NoActionBar"
        android:screenOrientation="portrait"/>
    <activity
        android:exported="false"
        android:name=".screens.dashboard.view.DashboardActivity"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:screenOrientation="portrait"/>

    <provider
        android:name="androidx.core.content.FileProvider"
        android:authorities="${applicationId}.provider"
        android:exported="false"
        android:grantUriPermissions="true">
        <meta-data
            android:name="android.support.FILE_PROVIDER_PATHS"
            android:resource="@xml/file_provider_paths" />
    </provider>
</application>

更新android：导出="true"仅适用于Launcher活动和其余活动android：导出="false"

Answer 2

设置Android：导出=“真”为启动器活动，Android：导出=“假”为所有其他活动

像下面

<activity
            android:name=".SecondActivity"
            android:exported="false" />
        <activity
            android:name=".MainActivity"
            android:exported="true">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>

Answer 3

将导出的更改为真正的Splash屏幕活动，如下所示

 <activity
        android:name=".screens.launchscreen.SplashScreen"
        android:theme="@style/SplashTheme"
        android:screenOrientation="portrait"
        android:exported="true">
        <intent-filter>
            <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

            <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
        </intent-filter>
    </activity>