无法“点安装枕头”。它给了我一个错误，即“找不到jpeg的标头或lib文件”

Question

我需要在python中为学校安装PIL/Pillow模块，但是它一直给我一个错误，我不知道为什么（尤其是因为班上的其他人已经让它工作了）。我的实验室老师甚至帮不了我。这是我遇到的主要错误：

' ' '找不到jpeg的头文件或库文件，这是从源编译Pillow时所需的依赖项。'''

其余错误为：

''使用缓存的Pillow-8.3.2.tar.gz(48.8 MB)收集Pillow，使用Pillow的旧“setup.py install”，因为未安装软件包“wheel”。安装收集的软件包:Pillow Running setup.py为Pillow安装...错误错误:命令出错，退出状态为1:Command:' C:\ msys 64 \ mingw 64 \ bin \ python 3 . exe '-u-C ' import io，os，sys，setuptools，tokenize。sys . argv[0]= ' " ' " ' C:\ Users \ jmder \ AppData \ Local \ Temp \ pip-install-d 40 m3 y5k \ pillow _ 76d 63863 C 38642 D3 b 650 f 78 e 6 e 9 b 009d \ setup . py ' " ' " '；file = ' " ' " ' C:\ Users \ jmder \ AppData \ Local \ Temp \ pip-install-d 40 m3 y5k \ pillow _ 76d 63863 C 38642d 3 b 650 f 78 e 6 e 9 b 009d \ setup . py ' " ' " '；f = getattr(tokenize，' " ' " ' open ' " ' " '，open)(file)if OS . path . exists(file)else io。setuptools导入设置中的StringIO(“””；setup()' " ' " ')；code = f.read()。替换(“”“”“\ r \ n”“”“”“”“”“\ n”“”)；f . close()；exec(compile(code，file，' " ' " ' " ' exec ' " ' " ' " ' " ' ")' install-record ' C:\ Users \ jmder \ AppData \ Local \ Temp \ pip-record-sm 1 kcten \ install-record . txt '-single-version-externally-managed-compile-install-headers ' C:\ msys 64 \ mingw 64 \ include \ python 3.9 \ Pillow ' CWD:C:\ Users \ jmder \ AppData \ Local \ Temp \ pip-install-d 40 m3 y5 k \ Pillow _ 76d 63

The headers or library files could not be found for jpeg,
a required dependency when compiling Pillow from source.

Please see the install instructions at:
   https://pillow.readthedocs.io/en/latest/installation.html

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\jmder\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-d40m3y5k\pillow_76d63863c38642d3b650f78e6e9b009d\setup.py", line 976, in <module>
    setup(
  File "C:\msys64\mingw64\lib\python3.9\site-packages\setuptools\__init__.py", line 153, in setup
    return distutils.core.setup(**attrs)
  File "C:\msys64\mingw64\lib\python3.9\distutils\core.py", line 148, in setup
    dist.run_commands()
  File "C:\msys64\mingw64\lib\python3.9\distutils\dist.py", line 966, in run_commands
    self.run_command(cmd)
  File "C:\msys64\mingw64\lib\python3.9\distutils\dist.py", line 985, in run_command
    cmd_obj.run()
  File "C:\msys64\mingw64\lib\python3.9\site-packages\setuptools\command\install.py", line 61, in run
    return orig.install.run(self)
  File "C:\msys64\mingw64\lib\python3.9\distutils\command\install.py", line 547, in run
    self.run_command('build')
  File "C:\msys64\mingw64\lib\python3.9\distutils\cmd.py", line 313, in run_command
    self.distribution.run_command(command)
  File "C:\msys64\mingw64\lib\python3.9\distutils\dist.py", line 985, in run_command
    cmd_obj.run()
  File "C:\msys64\mingw64\lib\python3.9\distutils\command\build.py", line 135, in run
    self.run_command(cmd_name)
  File "C:\msys64\mingw64\lib\python3.9\distutils\cmd.py", line 313, in run_command
    self.distribution.run_command(command)
  File "C:\msys64\mingw64\lib\python3.9\distutils\dist.py", line 985, in run_command
    cmd_obj.run()
  File "C:\msys64\mingw64\lib\python3.9\site-packages\setuptools\command\build_ext.py", line 79, in run
    _build_ext.run(self)
  File "C:\msys64\mingw64\lib\python3.9\distutils\command\build_ext.py", line 341, in run
    self.build_extensions()
  File "C:\Users\jmder\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-d40m3y5k\pillow_76d63863c38642d3b650f78e6e9b009d\setup.py", line 788, in build_extensions
    raise RequiredDependencyException(f)
__main__.RequiredDependencyException: jpeg

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
  File "C:\Users\jmder\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-d40m3y5k\pillow_76d63863c38642d3b650f78e6e9b009d\setup.py", line 1035, in <module>
    raise RequiredDependencyException(msg)
__main__.RequiredDependencyException:

The headers or library files could not be found for jpeg,
a required dependency when compiling Pillow from source.

Please see the install instructions at:
   https://pillow.readthedocs.io/en/latest/installation.html


----------------------------------------

错误：命令出错，退出状态为1：'C：\msys64\mingw64\bin\pillow_76d63863c38642d3b650f78e6e9b009d'-u-c'import io， os， sys， setuptools， Tokenize；sys.argv[0] = '"'"'C：\用户\jmder\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-d40m3y5k\pillow_76d63863c38642d3b650f78e6e9b009d\setup.py '"'"'; 文件='"'"C：\用户\jmder\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-d40m3y5k\python3.exe\setup.py '"'"';f=getattr（令牌化, '"'"'打开'"'"', 打开）（文件）如果os.path.exists（文件）从setuptoolsio.StringIO ('"'"'导入安装；安装()'"'"');=f.read（）.替换('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"'); （）； exec（编译（代码，文件, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' 安装-记录'C：\用户\jmder\AppData\本地\Temp\pip-记录-sm1kcten\install-record.txt'-单一版本-外部管理-编译-安装-标头'C：\msys64\mingw64\include\python3.9\Pillow'检查完整命令输出的日志。"'

运行Windows 10、Python 3.9.6

Answer 1

尝试添加--受信任主机：

python3.9 -m pip install pillow --upgrade -i http://pypi.douban.com/simple/ --trusted-host pypi.douban.com

它解决了我的问题

Answer 2

尝试:

python3.9 -m pip install pillow --upgrade

这帮助我解决了图书馆的问题。

另请参阅：建议升级枕头，但随后已经是最新的

针对所有发生的库问题尝试此操作。它必须使用与执行脚本相同的用户和环境来完成。考虑仅将库安装为root/admin或使用干净的环境。

编辑：问题是，如果一个库安装在不同的环境中，它可能被pip找到，但不是由您的python解释器找到的。“——升级”重新安装一个库，无论它是否已经安装。