测试抛出StaleElementReferenceException：元素不再附加到DOM或页面已刷新

Question

import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;
import com.google.common.base.Function;

public class WebDriverNavigate {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
    System.setProperty("webdriver.gecko.driver",System.getProperty("user.dir")+"/GeckoDriver/geckodriver.exe");
        WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
        driver.navigate().to("http://www.google.com");
        WebElement textbox = driver.findElement(By.id("lst-ib"));
        textbox.sendKeys("Search on Google");       
        WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver,10);
        wait.until(visibilityOfElementLocated(By.id("lst-ib")));
        driver.findElement(By.name("btnK")).click();;
        textbox.clear();                
        textbox.sendKeys("This is the second search");
        WebElement searchbutton2 = driver.findElement(By.id("fZl"));
        searchbutton2.click();
        driver.navigate().back();
        driver.navigate().forward();
        driver.navigate().refresh();

    }

    private static Function<WebDriver,WebElement> visibilityOfElementLocated(final By locator) {
        return new Function<WebDriver, WebElement>() {
            @Override
            public WebElement apply(WebDriver driver) {
                return driver.findElement(locator);
            }
        };
    }
}

<input class="gsfi" id="lst-ib" maxlength="2048" name="q" autocomplete="off" title="Search" value="Search on Google" aria-label="Search" aria-haspopup="false" role="combobox" aria-autocomplete="list" style="border: medium none; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; height: auto; width: 100%; background: transparent url(&quot;data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAID/AMDAwAAAACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw%3D%3D&quot;) repeat scroll 0% 0%; position: absolute; z-index: 6; left: 0px; outline: medium none;" dir="ltr" spellcheck="false" type="text">

线程“main”org.openqa.selenium.StaleElementReferenceException中的异常：stale的元素引用：该元素不再附加到DOM或页面已刷新

Answer 1

我有过很多次这样的问题，有时是无法解决的。

首先，您应该找到具有Wait或WaitFluent selenium类的元素。因为您可能会尝试在加载元素之前找到它。大概是这样的：

new FluentWait<WebDriver>(driver)
            .withTimeout(IMPLICIT_TIMEOUT, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
            .pollingEvery(RETRY_TIME, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
            .ignoring(StaleElementReferenceException.class,
                      NoSuchElementException.class)
            .until(ExpectedConditions
            .visibilityOfElementLocated(By.xpath(xpath)));

另一种方法是在for中多次尝试，其中包含driver.sleep（）。