除了使用mvn clean包之外，如何以稳定方式将servlet项目添加到Eclipse中的Tomcat服务器中

Question

我在Tomcat中运行了一个非常简单的servlet，它大致如下所示

import javax.ws.rs.ApplicationPath;

import org.glassfish.jersey.server.ResourceConfig;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import security.AuthenticationFilter;

@ApplicationPath("/")
public class MyMain extends ResourceConfig {

    private final static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MyMain.class);

    private Map<String,Map<String,String>> myConfig = null;

    public MyMain() {

        final String myEnv = System.getProperty("myEnvironment");

        // doing more stuff, registering resources ...
    }
}

该项目在我的Eclipse中本地运行，它也启动和停止Tomcat。在我的项目旁边有一个服务器。

我已经根据Eclipse中的运行配置检查了服务器和部署路径，它们应该匹配。

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>sustainableDataPlatform.org</groupId>
  <artifactId>my-project</artifactId>
  <!-- <version>0.1.1</version>-->
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>war</packaging>
  <name>MY PROJECT</name>
  
  <properties>
      <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
      <version.jersey>2.32</version.jersey>
  </properties>

  <build>
    <plugins>
      <plugin>
        <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>3.8.1</version>
        <configuration>
          <release>11</release>
        </configuration>
      </plugin>
      <plugin>
        <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>3.2.3</version>
        <configuration>
        <!-- https://stackoverflow.com/a/33390519/2092322 annotations instead of web.xml -->
        <failOnMissingWebXml>false</failOnMissingWebXml>
          <archive>
            <manifest>
              <addClasspath>true</addClasspath>
            </manifest>
          </archive>
          <warName>my-project</warName>
        </configuration>
      </plugin>
    </plugins>
  </build>
  <dependencies>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.ws.rs/javax.ws.rs-api -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.ws.rs</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.ws.rs-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.1.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.glassfish.jersey.inject</groupId>
            <artifactId>jersey-hk2</artifactId>
            <version>${version.jersey}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.glassfish.jersey.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jersey-server</artifactId>
            <version>${version.jersey}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.glassfish.jersey.containers</groupId>
            <artifactId>jersey-container-servlet</artifactId>
            <version>${version.jersey}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.glassfish.jersey.media</groupId>
            <artifactId>jersey-media-multipart</artifactId>
            <version>${version.jersey}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
            <version>1.7.30</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j-slf4j-impl</artifactId>
            <version>2.14.0</version>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.14.0</version>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j-core</artifactId>
            <version>2.14.0</version>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j-web</artifactId>
            <version>2.14.0</version>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.json</groupId>
            <artifactId>json</artifactId>
            <version>20151123</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.neo4j.driver</groupId>
            <artifactId>neo4j-java-driver</artifactId>
            <version>4.2.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- maybe use jakarta mail? javax.mail 1.4.x? -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.sun.mail</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.mail</artifactId>
            <version>1.6.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.xml.ws</groupId>
            <artifactId>jaxws-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.3.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>redis.clients</groupId>
            <artifactId>jedis</artifactId>
            <version>3.4.1</version>
        </dependency>
  </dependencies>
</project>

# server.xml in tmp folder after starting the server (*run on server*)
<Host appBase="webapps" autoDeploy="true" name="localhost" unpackWARs="true">
    <Context docBase="/home/myname/work/sdp/eclipse/.metadata/.plugins/org.eclipse.wst.server.core/tmp0/webapps/ROOT" path="" reloadable="false"/>
    <Context docBase="sdp-api" path="/sdp-api" reloadable="true" source="org.eclipse.jst.jee.server:sdp-api"></Context>
</Host>

# same part of server.xml in Server folder of server project in Eclipse after having the servlet project configured for (added to) server 
<Host appBase="webapps" autoDeploy="true" name="localhost" unpackWARs="true">
    <Context docBase="sdp-api" path="/sdp-api" reloadable="true" source="org.eclipse.jst.jee.server:sdp-api"/>
</Host>

Publishing failed with multiple errors
File not found: /path/to/my-project/target/m2e-wtp/web-resources/META-INF/MANIFEST.MF.
File not found: /path/to/my-project/target/m2e-wtp/web-resources/META-INF/MANIFEST.MF.
File not found: /path/to/my-project/target/m2e-wtp/web-resources/META-INF/maven/mainPackage/my-project/pom.properties.
File not found: /path/to/my-project/target/m2e-wtp/web-resources/META-INF/maven/mainPackage/my-project/pom.properties.
File not found: /path/to/my-project/target/m2e-wtp/web-resources/META-INF/maven/mainPackage/my-project/pom.xml.
File not found: /path/to/my-project/target/m2e-wtp/web-resources/META-INF/maven/mainPackage/my-project/pom.xml.

所以我需要：

1. 将项目与Tomcat服务器解耦
2. 当我刚刚在服务器上再次运行它时，servlet没有运行，所以我需要通过使用引用将项目绑定回Eclipse中的服务器:

这将更改.classpath:

- <classpathentry kind="con" path="org.eclipse.jdt.launching.JRE_CONTAINER/org.eclipse.jdt.internal.debug.ui.launcher.StandardVMType/java-11-oracle">
+ <classpathentry kind="con" path="org.eclipse.jdt.launching.JRE_CONTAINER/org.eclipse.jdt.internal.debug.ui.launcher.StandardVMType/JavaSE-11">

- <attribute name="owner.project.facets" value="java"/>
+ <attribute name="maven.pomderived" value="true"/>*

  <projects>
+    <project>Servers</project>
  </projects>

我很确定我在某个地方有一个错误的配置，除了Eclipse之外，我希望使用MVN。但我到底做错了什么？

需要更多的配置材料吗？

Answer 1

最关键的变化是

1. 从项目引用中删除Eclipse服务器
2. 将执行环境设置为javase-11（请参见屏幕截图1)
3. 使用正确的部署程序集（请参见屏幕截图2)，因此MVN clean package并让服务器与servlet项目一起运行，因为源代码会创建相同的结果。另请参见此SO答案。