在spring boot中执行单元测试前通过data.sql文件在h2数据库中插入数据

Question

这是我的同化文件-

import java.util.Properties;

import javax.sql.DataSource;

import org.hibernate.cfg.Environment;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.domain.EntityScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource;
import org.springframework.dao.annotation.PersistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.config.EnableJpaRepositories;
import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource;
import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.embedded.EmbeddedDatabaseBuilder;
import org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager;
import org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean;
import org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter;
import org.springframework.transaction.PlatformTransactionManager;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.EnableTransactionManagement;


@Configuration
@EnableJpaRepositories(basePackages = "base_package_name")
@EnableTransactionManagement
public class JPAConfig {

    @Bean
    public DataSource dataSource() {
        DriverManagerDataSource dataSource = new DriverManagerDataSource();
        dataSource.setDriverClassName("org.h2.Driver");
        dataSource.setUrl("jdbc:h2:mem:myDb;DB_CLOSE_DELAY=-1");
        /*dataSource.setDriverClassName("org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver");
        dataSource.setUrl("jdbc:hsqldb:mem:testdb");*/
        dataSource.setUsername("sa");
        dataSource.setPassword("");

        return dataSource;
    }

    private Properties hibernateProperties() {
        Properties properties = new Properties();
        properties.put("hibernate.dialect", "org.hibernate.dialect.H2Dialect");
        properties.put("hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto", "create");
        properties.put("hibernate.show_sql", "true");
        properties.put("hibernate.format_sql", "false");
        return properties;
    }

    @Bean(name="entityManagerFactory")
    public LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean entityManagerFactoryBean(){

        LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean lcemfb
            = new LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean();

        lcemfb.setDataSource(this.dataSource());
        lcemfb.setPackagesToScan(new String[] {"Package_to_scan"});

        HibernateJpaVendorAdapter va = new HibernateJpaVendorAdapter();
        lcemfb.setJpaVendorAdapter(va);

        lcemfb.setJpaProperties(this.hibernateProperties());

        lcemfb.afterPropertiesSet();

        return lcemfb;

    }


    @Bean
    public PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager(){

        JpaTransactionManager tm = new JpaTransactionManager();

        tm.setEntityManagerFactory(
            this.entityManagerFactoryBean().getObject() );

        return tm;

    }

    @Bean
    public PersistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor exceptionTranslation(){
        return new PersistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor();
    }
}

Answer 1

根据关于StackOverflow的另一个问题，您可以通过在测试中添加@configuration类来初始化数据库，如下所示：

@Configuration
public class DatabaseTestConfig {
    @Bean
    public DataSource dataSource() {
        return new EmbeddedDatabaseBuilder()
            .setType(EmbeddedDatabaseType.HSQL)
            .addScript("classpath:schema.sql")
            .addScript("classpath:test-data.sql")
            .build();
    }
}

要注意的是，上面没有使用JPA，所以您可能必须根据自己的目的调整它，但它应该给出一个很好的提示，说明如何在JPA中也可以这样做。

然而，我更倾向于在每个测试中使用@sql注释来初始化数据，然后清理数据。虽然这意味着更多的重复（通常是不好的），但它有助于确保测试总是从一个干净的石板上运行。

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