E2E测试未在Jenkins作业上运行

Question

我在本地安装了两个Docker容器，其中包括Jenkins和Selenium。我有一个用Java编写的Maven项目，其中我创建了一套使用Selenium实现的E2E（端到端）测试。从IntelliJ的终端，使用“mvn测试”（或mvn清洁测试或其他组合）命令，测试正在运行，即使我对Chrome驱动程序使用headless或not。另外，这是用POM编写的插件之一：

<plugin>
          <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
          <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>${maven-surefire-plugin.version}</version>
          <configuration>
            <forkCount>3</forkCount>
            <reuseForks>true</reuseForks>
            <argLine>-Xmx1024m -XX:MaxPermSize=256m</argLine>
            <suiteXmlFiles>
              <suiteXmlFile>testng_suiteTest.xml</suiteXmlFile>
            </suiteXmlFiles>
          </configuration>
        </plugin>

XML套件文件包含每个自动测试的类和方法。

问题出现在詹金斯身上。因此，我基于我的Maven项目在Jenkins上创建了一份工作，在多次尝试之后（只是为了检查结果是否符合预期），我为构建部分设置了以下目标和选项：

clean install test -DsuiteXmlFile=testngSuite.xml -Dwebdriver.chrome.driver=/var/jenkins_home/tools/chromedriver/chromedriver -Dselenium.browser=chrome -Dwebdriver.chrome.whitelistedIps=172.17.0.2

由于生成jenkins作业时出现以下错误，因此在上面配置了分叉计数：

[ERROR] Failed to execute goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-surefire-plugin:2.12.4:test (default-test) on project : 
Execution default-test of goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-surefire-plugin:2.12.4:test failed: 
The forked VM terminated without saying properly goodbye. VM crash or System.exit called ? -> [Help 1]

之后，由于maven surefire报告中出现的错误，我还将这些库安装在Jenkins容器的根目录下：

1. libglib2。0-0（使用Maythux的指示：https://askubuntu.com/questions/58664/cant-install-package-libglib2-0-dev-because-it-depends-on-some-unknown-version）

我还干扰了：无法分配请求的地址（99），但在阅读并应用以下内容后，现在一切正常：如何在启动chromedriver时修复“[SEVERE]：bind（）失败：无法分配请求的地址（99）”

在所有这些操作以及可能忘记在这里书写的其他操作之后，现在似乎是Jenkins和Chrome Web驱动程序（或其他任何东西）之间的通信错误，我请求您提供建议。我在运行作业后的上一份报告中说：

[INFO] Running TestSuite
Jul 22, 2021 10:06:44 AM org.openqa.selenium.remote.DesiredCapabilities chrome
INFO: Using `new ChromeOptions()` is preferred to `DesiredCapabilities.chrome()`
Starting ChromeDriver 92.0.4515.43 (8c61b7e2989f2990d42f859cac71319137787cce-refs/branch-heads/4515@{#306}) on port 18974
Remote connections are allowed by an allowlist (172.17.0.2).
Please see https://chromedriver.chromium.org/security-considerations for suggestions on keeping ChromeDriver safe.
ChromeDriver was started successfully.
Jul 22, 2021 10:06:45 AM org.openqa.selenium.json.JsonOutput lambda$new$12
WARNING: Attempt to convert JsonElement from GSON. This functionality is deprecated. Diagnostic stacktrace follows
org.openqa.selenium.json.JsonException: Stack trace to determine cause of warning
Build info: version: '3.14.0', revision: 'aacccce0', time: '2018-08-02T20:19:58.91Z'
System info: host: '04f87025a7fb', ip: '172.17.0.2', os.name: 'Linux', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '5.10.25-linuxkit', java.version: '1.8.0_292'
.........
[INFO] 
[INFO] Results:
[INFO] 
[INFO] Tests run: 0, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0
[INFO] 
[ERROR] There are test failures.
.........
An error occurred while instantiating class com.projectName.hr.E2E_Testing.E2E_ClientAboutSection_Test: null
org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.SurefireBooterForkException: There was an error in the forked process
An error occurred while instantiating class com.projectName.hr.E2E_Testing.E2E_ClientAboutSection_Test: null
.........
[INFO] Skipping execution of surefire because it has already been run for this configuration
[JENKINS] Recording test results
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time:  6.967 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2021-07-22T10:06:46Z
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
Waiting for Jenkins to finish collecting data
[JENKINS] Archiving /var/jenkins_home/workspace/E2E/automation/pom.xml to com.incrys.hr/automation/1.0-SNAPSHOT/automation-1.0-SNAPSHOT.pom
channel stopped
Finished: SUCCESS

旧错误：

Caused by: java.lang.ExceptionInInitializerError
    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
    at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:423)
    at org.testng.internal.ObjectFactoryImpl.newInstance(ObjectFactoryImpl.java:23)
    at org.testng.internal.InstanceCreator.instantiateUsingDefaultConstructor(InstanceCreator.java:193)
    at org.testng.internal.InstanceCreator.createInstanceUsingObjectFactory(InstanceCreator.java:113)
    ... 26 more
Caused by: org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException: Timed out waiting for driver server to start.
Build info: version: '3.14.0', revision: 'aacccce0', time: '2018-08-02T20:19:58.91Z'
System info: host: '04f87025a7fb', ip: '172.17.0.2', os.name: 'Linux', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '5.10.25-linuxkit', java.version: '1.8.0_292'

安装在Jenkins上的插件：Selenium Selenium HTML报告chromedriver Jira Pipeline Maven集成Selenium功能Axis节点

到目前为止，也阅读和使用这些（在这种情况下，这些可能对其他人有用）：

SeleniumChromeBrowserorg.openqa.selenium.WebDriverExc0019：等待驱动服务器启动超时

https://maven.apache.org/surefire/maven-surefire-plugin/examples/testng.html

https://howtodoinjava.com/testng/how-to-execute-testng-tests-with-maven-build/

Maven构建成功，但没有在硒中执行测试

故障保护插件设计用于运行集成测试，而Surefire插件设计用于运行单元测试。

https://maven.apache.org/components/surefire/maven-failsafe-plugin/

https://www.geekyhacker.com/2020/07/11/run-integration-tests-with-maven-failsafe-plugin/

TestNG在失败后不继续执行测试

configfailurepolicy="continue" 


  <properties>
    <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    <org.mapstruct.version>1.4.1.Final</org.mapstruct.version>
    <junit.jupiter.version>5.3.2</junit.jupiter.version>
    <maven-surefire-plugin.version>2.22.2</maven-surefire-plugin.version>
    <maven-jar-plugin.version>3.8.1</maven-jar-plugin.version>
    <maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source>
    <maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target>
  </properties>

我也使用了Maven FailSafe插件，但不幸的是没有任何变化。现在使用TestNG版本7.0.0。

所以，我想在Jenkins上运行带有内置作业的端到端测试，任何建议都会有帮助！

Answer 1

通过在Jenkins的VM上本地安装解决了通信问题：

• 手动安装：Chromium（Linux）和
• ChromeDriver插件，也是从命令行手动安装的，因为Jenkins接口的插件是一个较低的版本，与Chromium的最后一个版本不兼容（91...）