用Objective-C发布多部分/表单数据

Question

所以这个HTML代码以正确的格式提交数据给我。

<form action="https://www.example.com/register.php" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
    Name: <input type="text" name="userName"><BR />
    Email: <input type="text" name="userEmail"><BR />
    Password: <input type="text" name="userPassword"><BR />
    Avatar: <input type="file" name="avatar"><BR />
    <input type="submit">
</form>

谢了！

Answer 1

其过程如下：

>

使用username、useremail和userpassword参数创建字典。

NSDictionary *params = @{@"userName"     : @"rob",
                         @"userEmail"    : @"[e-mail]",
                         @"userPassword" : @"password"};

确定图像的路径：

NSString *path = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"avatar" ofType:@"png"];

创建请求：

NSString *boundary = [self generateBoundaryString];

// configure the request

NSMutableURLRequest *request = [[NSMutableURLRequest alloc] initWithURL:url];
[request setHTTPMethod:@"POST"];

// set content type

NSString *contentType = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"multipart/form-data; boundary=%@", boundary];
[request setValue:contentType forHTTPHeaderField: @"Content-Type"];

// create body

NSData *httpBody = [self createBodyWithBoundary:boundary parameters:params paths:@[path] fieldName:fieldName];

这是上面用于构建请求主体的方法：

- (NSData *)createBodyWithBoundary:(NSString *)boundary
                        parameters:(NSDictionary *)parameters
                             paths:(NSArray *)paths
                         fieldName:(NSString *)fieldName {
    NSMutableData *httpBody = [NSMutableData data];

    // add params (all params are strings)

    [parameters enumerateKeysAndObjectsUsingBlock:^(NSString *parameterKey, NSString *parameterValue, BOOL *stop) {
        [httpBody appendData:[[NSString stringWithFormat:@"--%@\r\n", boundary] dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]];
        [httpBody appendData:[[NSString stringWithFormat:@"Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"%@\"\r\n\r\n", parameterKey] dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]];
        [httpBody appendData:[[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@\r\n", parameterValue] dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]];
    }];

    // add image data

    for (NSString *path in paths) {
        NSString *filename  = [path lastPathComponent];
        NSData   *data      = [NSData dataWithContentsOfFile:path];
        NSString *mimetype  = [self mimeTypeForPath:path];

        [httpBody appendData:[[NSString stringWithFormat:@"--%@\r\n", boundary] dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]];
        [httpBody appendData:[[NSString stringWithFormat:@"Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"%@\"; filename=\"%@\"\r\n", fieldName, filename] dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]];
        [httpBody appendData:[[NSString stringWithFormat:@"Content-Type: %@\r\n\r\n", mimetype] dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]];
        [httpBody appendData:data];
        [httpBody appendData:[@"\r\n" dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]];
    }

    [httpBody appendData:[[NSString stringWithFormat:@"--%@--\r\n", boundary] dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]];

    return httpBody;
}

上面使用了以下实用程序方法：

@import MobileCoreServices;    // only needed in iOS

- (NSString *)mimeTypeForPath:(NSString *)path {
    // get a mime type for an extension using MobileCoreServices.framework

    CFStringRef extension = (__bridge CFStringRef)[path pathExtension];
    CFStringRef UTI = UTTypeCreatePreferredIdentifierForTag(kUTTagClassFilenameExtension, extension, NULL);
    assert(UTI != NULL);

    NSString *mimetype = CFBridgingRelease(UTTypeCopyPreferredTagWithClass(UTI, kUTTagClassMIMEType));
    assert(mimetype != NULL);

    CFRelease(UTI);

    return mimetype;
}

- (NSString *)generateBoundaryString {
    return [NSString stringWithFormat:@"Boundary-%@", [[NSUUID UUID] UUIDString]];
}

NSURLSession *session = [NSURLSession sharedSession];  // use sharedSession or create your own

NSURLSessionTask *task = [session uploadTaskWithRequest:request fromData:httpBody completionHandler:^(NSData *data, NSURLResponse *response, NSError *error) {
    if (error) {
        NSLog(@"error = %@", error);
        return;
    }

    NSString *result = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:data encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
    NSLog(@"result = %@", result);
}];
[task resume];

request.HTTPBody = httpBody;

NSURLSessionTask *task = [session dataTaskWithRequest:request completionHandler:^(NSData *data, NSURLResponse *response, NSError *error) {
    if (error) {
        NSLog(@"error = %@", error);
        return;
    }

    NSString *result = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:data encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
    NSLog(@"result = %@", result);
}];
[task resume];

但希望这能说明这个想法。

如果我没有指出这一点，我就失职了，比上面的要容易得多，你可以使用网络，重复上面的步骤1和2，但只需调用：

AFHTTPSessionManager *manager = [AFHTTPSessionManager manager];
manager.responseSerializer = [AFHTTPResponseSerializer serializer]; // only needed if the server is not returning JSON; if web service returns JSON, remove this line
NSURLSessionTask *task = [manager POST:urlString parameters:params constructingBodyWithBlock:^(id<AFMultipartFormData> formData) {
    NSError *error;
    if (![formData appendPartWithFileURL:[NSURL fileURLWithPath:path] name:@"avatar" fileName:[path lastPathComponent] mimeType:@"image/png" error:&error]) {
        NSLog(@"error appending part: %@", error);
    }
}  progress:nil success:^(NSURLSessionTask *task, id responseObject) {
    NSLog(@"responseObject = %@", responseObject);
} failure:^(NSURLSessionTask *task, NSError *error) {
    NSLog(@"error = %@", error);
}];

if (!task) {
    NSLog(@"Creation of task failed.");
}