错误地声明或使用了"GetRe的NearestTargetFrameworks"任务

Question

执行以下测试时，VS 2017 15.5.2在测试项目中发生上述错误。test.vbproj文件中有绑定重定向，但msBuild没有。

    <TestMethod()> Public Sub ElementTypeUnitTestAsync()
       Dim RoslynPath As String = Path.Combine(RepoPath, SolutionPartialPath)

        Dim MS_Workspace As MSBuildWorkspace = MSBuildWorkspace.Create()
        AddHandler MS_Workspace.WorkspaceFailed, Sub(sender As Object, e As WorkspaceDiagnosticEventArgs)
                                                     Debug.WriteLine(e.Diagnostic.ToString())
                                                 End Sub
        Dim NewSolution As Solution = MS_Workspace.OpenSolutionAsync(RoslynPath).Result
    End Sub

整个信息是

[失败]Msbuild 在处理文件“C：\Repos\roslyn-master\src\Samples\CSharp\APISampleUnitTests\APISampleUnitTestsCS.csproj”时失败，并显示消息：C：\Program Files （x86）\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Enterprise\MSBuild\15.0\Bin\Microsoft.Common.CurrentVersion.targets： （1601， 5）： 无法从程序集“C：\Program Files （x86）\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Enterprise\Common7\IDE\CommonExtensions\Microsoft\NuGet\NuGet.Build.Tasks.dll”。请验证任务程序集是否已使用与计算机上安装的程序集相同的 Microsoft.Build.Framework 程序集版本生成，并且您的主机应用程序没有缺少 Microsoft.Build.Framework 的绑定重定向。无法将类型为“NuGet.Build.Tasks.GetReferenceNearestTargetFrameworkTask”的对象强制转换为类型“Microsoft.Build.Framework.ITask”。C：\Program Files （x86）\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Enterprise\MSBuild\15.0\Bin\Microsoft.Common.CurrentVersion.targets： （1601， 5）： “GetReferenceNearestTargetFrameworkTask”任务在构造过程中声明或使用不正确，或失败。检查任务名称和程序集名称的拼写。

Answer 1

如果有1个以上的VS实例，该代码将允许选择VS实例

Imports Microsoft.Build.Locator

Public Class VS_Selector_Dialog1
    Private m_instance As VisualStudioInstance = Nothing
    Private SelectedRow As Integer = -1
    Private visualStudioInstances() As VisualStudioInstance = MSBuildLocator.QueryVisualStudioInstances().ToArray()
    Public ReadOnly Property MSBuildInstance As VisualStudioInstance
        Get
            Return m_instance
        End Get
    End Property

    Private Sub Cancel_Button_Click(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As EventArgs) Handles Cancel_Button.Click
        DialogResult = DialogResult.Cancel
        Close()
    End Sub

    Private Sub DataGridView1_SelectionChanged(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles DataGridView1.SelectionChanged
        m_instance = visualStudioInstances(DataGridView1.CurrentRow.Index)
    End Sub

    Private Sub OK_Button_Click(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As EventArgs) Handles OK_Button.Click
        If m_instance Is Nothing Then
            Exit Sub
        End If
        DialogResult = DialogResult.OK
        Close()
    End Sub

    Private Sub VS_Selector_Dialog1_Load(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles MyBase.Load
        Dim BestIndex As Integer = -1
        Text = "Multiple installs of MSBuild detected please select one:"
        Dim InstanceTable As New DataTable
        InstanceTable.Columns.Add("InstanceNumber")
        InstanceTable.Columns.Add("Edition")
        InstanceTable.Columns.Add("Version")
        InstanceTable.Columns.Add("MSBuildPath")
        For Index As Integer = 0 To visualStudioInstances.Length - 1
            If visualStudioInstances(Index).Name.Contains(" Build ") Then
                Continue For
            End If
            BestIndex = Index
            Dim rowToAdd As DataRow = InstanceTable.NewRow()
            rowToAdd("InstanceNumber") = Index + 1
            rowToAdd("Edition") = visualStudioInstances(Index).Name
            rowToAdd("Version") = visualStudioInstances(Index).Version
            rowToAdd("MSBuildPath") = visualStudioInstances(Index).MSBuildPath
            InstanceTable.Rows.Add(rowToAdd)
        Next
        DataGridView1.DataSource = InstanceTable
        If InstanceTable.Rows.Count = 1 Then
            m_instance = visualStudioInstances(BestIndex)
            DialogResult = DialogResult.OK
            Close()
        End If
     End Sub
End Class

让用户选择实例，或者您选择“最佳”

If VS_Selector_Dialog1.ShowDialog(Me) <> DialogResult.OK Then
    Stop
End If

一旦你有了正确的实例MSBuild将工作

Console.WriteLine($"Using MSBuild at '{VS_Selector_Dialog1.MSBuildInstance.MSBuildPath}' to load projects.")
' NOTE: Be sure to register an instance with the MSBuildLocator
'       before calling MSBuildWorkspace.Create()
'       otherwise, MSBuildWorkspace won't MEF compose.
MSBuildLocator.RegisterInstance(VS_Selector_Dialog1.MSBuildInstance)
Using Workspace As MSBuildWorkspace = MSBuildWorkspace.Create()
    AddHandler Workspace.WorkspaceFailed, AddressOf MSBuildWorkspaceFailed
    Dim currentProject As Project = Workspace.OpenProjectAsync(.FileName).Result
    Workspace.LoadMetadataForReferencedProjects = True
    If currentProject.HasDocuments Then
        For Each document As Document In currentProject.Documents