我应该如何将jparepository.findone（）与SpringBoot一起使用？

Question

我是通过阅读Spring Boot in Action这本书开始学习Spring Boot的，我正在学习这本书中的示例，试图自己运行它们，但我在使用jparepository.findone()时遇到了问题。

我已经翻遍了这一章，寻找我可能的不匹配。然而，它就是不起作用。

这个项目应该是一个简单的阅读清单。

代码如下：

读者@实体：

package com.lixin.readinglist;

import org.springframework.data.annotation.Id;
import org.springframework.security.core.GrantedAuthority;
import org.springframework.security.core.authority.SimpleGrantedAuthority;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Collections;

/**
 * @author lixin
 */
@Entity
public class Reader implements UserDetails {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    @Id
    private String username;
    private String fullname;
    private String password;

    @Override
    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public String getFullname() {
        return fullname;
    }

    public void setFullname(String fullname) {
        this.fullname = fullname;
    }

    @Override
    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    @Override
    public Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> getAuthorities() {
        return Collections.singletonList(new SimpleGrantedAuthority("READER"));
    }

    @Override
    public boolean isAccountNonExpired() {
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean isAccountNonLocked() {
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean isCredentialsNonExpired() {
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean isEnabled() {
        return true;
    }
}

Jpa接口：

package com.lixin.readinglist;

import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;

/**
 * @author lixin
 */
public interface ReaderRepository extends JpaRepository<Reader, String> {
}

package com.lixin.readinglist;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.authentication.builders.AuthenticationManagerBuilder;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableWebSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;

/**
 * @author lixin
 */
@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

    private final ReaderRepository readerRepository;

    @Autowired
    public SecurityConfig(ReaderRepository readerRepository) {
        this.readerRepository = readerRepository;
    }

    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        http
                .authorizeRequests()
                .antMatchers("/").access("hasRole('READER')")
                .antMatchers("/**").permitAll()
                .and()
                .formLogin()
                .loginPage("/login")
                .failureUrl("/login?error=true");
    }

    @Override
    protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
        auth
                .userDetailsService((UserDetailsService) username -> readerRepository.findOne(username));
    }
}

Error:(40, 86) java: method findOne in interface org.springframework.data.repository.query.QueryByExampleExecutor<T> cannot be applied to given types;
  required: org.springframework.data.domain.Example<S>
  found: java.lang.String
  reason: cannot infer type-variable(s) S
    (argument mismatch; java.lang.String cannot be converted to org.springframework.data.domain.Example<S>)

Answer 1

findOne()定义为 可选 findOne(example example)； .
意味着在您的情况下，它接受 示例 并返回 可选 。
您向它传递了一个 字符串，这是错误的，您将它用作 authenticationManagerBuilder.userdetailsService()中的lambda返回，这也是错误的，因为

 
  
   UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String username) throws UsernameNotFoundException;

  
 

因此，您需要返回 UserDetails实例，而不是 可选实例，或者抛出 UserNameNotFoundException，如果没有与javadoc兼容的用户名匹配：

返回：

完全填充的用户记录（从不为空）

投掷：

所以你可以这样写：

 
  
   @Override
protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
   auth.userDetailsService(username -> readerRepository.findById(username)
                                                       .orElseThrow( () -> new UsernameNotFoundException("user with username " + username + " not found"));
}

  
 

顺便说一句， getone()非常棘手，因为它依赖于惰性加载，在某些情况下可能会带来糟糕的惊喜。
JB Nizet的评论很有趣。所以我现在就测试了。当Spring Security类访问实体（即 isAccountnonLocked())时，JPA会话恰好没有打开。
因此在任何情况下（用户名正确或否）都会引发 LazyInitializationException:

 
  
   
org.hibernate.LazyInitializationException: could not initialize proxy - no Session
        at org.hibernate.proxy.AbstractLazyInitializer.initialize(AbstractLazyInitializer.java:155)
        at org.hibernate.proxy.AbstractLazyInitializer.getImplementation(AbstractLazyInitializer.java:268)
        at org.hibernate.proxy.pojo.javassist.JavassistLazyInitializer.invoke(JavassistLazyInitializer.java:73)
        at davidhxxx.example.angularsboot.model.db.User_$$_jvstd90_5.isAccountNonLocked(User_$$_jvstd90_5.java)
        at org.springframework.security.authentication.dao.AbstractUserDetailsAuthenticationProvider$DefaultPreAuthenticationChecks.check(AbstractUserDetailsAuthenticationProvider.java:352)
        at org.springframework.security.authentication.dao.AbstractUserDetailsAuthenticationProvider.authenticate(AbstractUserDetailsAuthenticationProvider.java:165)

  
 

这个问题可能会引起你的兴趣。