部署WAR文件时出现问题。启动组件[]失败

Question

我目前在向我的Tomcat7服务器部署WAR文件时遇到了一个问题（我是java web开发人员的新手）。在eclipse中一切都工作得很好，但是当我生成一个WAR文件并将其部署到服务器时，我会遇到以下错误。“启动组件失败[]”下面是日志转储。

Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to process either the global, per-host or context-specific context.xml file therefore the [] Context cannot be started.
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.FailedContext.startInternal(FailedContext.java:158)
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
    ... 31 more
Oct 13, 2014 7:22:56 PM org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext log
INFO: HTMLManager: list: Listing contexts for virtual host 'mysite.com'
Oct 13, 2014 7:23:11 PM org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext log
INFO: HTMLHostManager: list: Listing hosts for engine [Catalina]
Oct 13, 2014 8:05:48 PM org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext log
INFO: HTMLManager: list: Listing contexts for virtual host 'mysite.com'
Oct 13, 2014 8:06:08 PM org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext log
INFO: HTMLManager: start: Starting web application '/'
Oct 13, 2014 8:06:08 PM org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext log
SEVERE: FAIL - Application at context path / could not be started
org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component []
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:154)
    at org.apache.catalina.manager.ManagerServlet.start(ManagerServlet.java:1291)
    at org.apache.catalina.manager.HTMLManagerServlet.start(HTMLManagerServlet.java:694)
    at org.apache.catalina.manager.HTMLManagerServlet.doPost(HTMLManagerServlet.java:217)
    at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:646)
    at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:727)
    at         org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:303)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:208)
    at org.apache.catalina.filters.CsrfPreventionFilter.doFilter(CsrfPreventionFilter.java:213)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:241)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:208)
    at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:52)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:241)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:208)
    at org.apache.catalina.filters.SetCharacterEncodingFilter.doFilter(SetCharacterEncodingFilter.java:108)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:241)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:208)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:220)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:122)
    at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:610)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:171)
    at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:103)
    at org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve.invoke(AccessLogValve.java:950)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:116)
    at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:408)
    at org.apache.coyote.ajp.AjpProcessor.process(AjpProcessor.java:190)
    at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:611)
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(JIoEndpoint.java:314)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1145)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:615)
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to process either the global, per-host or context-specific context.xml file therefore the [] Context cannot be started.
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.FailedContext.startInternal(FailedContext.java:158)
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
    ... 31 more

<context>

    <Resource name="jdbc/mysitedb" auth="Container" 
        maxActive="100" maxIdle="30" maxWait="10000" 
        username="myusername" password="mypassword" 
        driverClassName="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" 
        url="jdbc:mysql://www.mysite.com/mysitedb?autoReconnect=true" 
        logAbandoned="true" removeAbandoned="true" 
        removeAbandonedTimeout="60" type="javax.sql.DataSource" />

</context>  

Answer 1

如果这确实是完整的Context.xml，则需要将其封装在上下文元素中：

<Context>
  <Resource name="jdbc/mysitedb" auth="Container" 
    maxActive="100" maxIdle="30" maxWait="10000" 
    username="myusername" password="mypassword" 
    driverClassName="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" 
    url="jdbc:mysql://www.mysite.com/mysitedb?autoReconnect=true" 
    logAbandoned="true" removeAbandoned="true" 
    removeAbandonedTimeout="60" type="javax.sql.DataSource" />
</Context>

您的Tomcat正试图加载一个未命名的组件。可能是断开的context.xml。对于坏掉的web.xml也可以得到类似的错误。