Mockito测试单独通过，但作为套件的一部分失败

Question

我有一个案例，我的mockito测试都单独通过，但当作为测试包的一部分运行时可能会失败。我使用mockito版本2.9.0

我的测试课程如下

import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders.get;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.status;

import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.mockito.BDDMockito;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import org.springframework.test.context.web.WebAppConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.setup.MockMvcBuilders;
import org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext;

import com.cache.CacheServices;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@WebAppConfiguration
@ContextConfiguration(value={"classpath:generalConfig/generalConfigMocks-context.xml"})
public class GeneralConfigAPIClientTest {

    private MockMvc mockMvc;

    @Autowired
    CacheServices cacheServices; 

    @Autowired
    IGeneralConfigServices generalConfigServices;

    @Autowired 
    private WebApplicationContext wac;

    /**
     * Set up the test context, initialize the mockMvc.
     * */
    @Before 
    public void setUp() {
        this.mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(this.wac).build();       
    }

    @Test
    public void testEmptyGeneralConfigCache_FailureFalseReturned() throws Exception {

        BDDMockito.given(cacheServices.emptyCacheContents(BDDMockito.anyString())).willReturn(false);

        this.mockMvc.perform(get("/generalConfig/emptyGeneralConfigCache"))
                .andExpect(status().isOk())     
                .andReturn();

        BDDMockito.verify(cacheServices, BDDMockito.times(1)).emptyCacheContents(BDDMockito.anyString());
    }

    @Test
    public void testEmptyGeneralConfigCache_SuccessTrueReturned() throws Exception {
        BDDMockito.given(cacheServices.emptyCacheContents(BDDMockito.anyString())).willReturn(true);

        this.mockMvc.perform(get("/generalConfig/emptyGeneralConfigCache"))
                .andExpect(status().isOk())     
                .andReturn();

        BDDMockito.verify(cacheServices, BDDMockito.times(1)).emptyCacheContents(BDDMockito.anyString());
    }

    }

generalConfig/GeneralConfigLocks上下文的内容。xml如下所示

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:oxm="http://www.springframework.org/schema/oxm"
    xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
    xmlns:ehcache="http://ehcache-spring-annotations.googlecode.com/svn/schema/ehcache-spring"
    xmlns:cache="http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-3.0.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.1.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/oxm http://www.springframework.org/schema/oxm/spring-oxm-3.1.xsd
   http://ehcache-spring-annotations.googlecode.com/svn/schema/ehcache-spring
   http://ehcache-spring-annotations.googlecode.com/svn/schema/ehcache-spring/ehcache-spring-1.1.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache/spring-cache-4.1.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd">

    <mvc:annotation-driven />

    <context:annotation-config />

    <context:component-scan base-package="com..config" />

    <bean id="generalConfigServices" class="org.mockito.BDDMockito" factory-method="mock">
        <constructor-arg value="com.config.IGeneralConfigServices"/>
    </bean>


    <bean id="cacheServices" class="org.mockito.BDDMockito" factory-method="mock">
        <constructor-arg value="com.cache.CacheServices"/>
    </bean>


</beans>

我从运行测试中得到的错误响应示例如下

    org.mockito.exceptions.verification.TooManyActualInvocations: 
cacheServices.emptyCacheContents(
    <any string>
);
Wanted 1 time:
-> at com.config.GeneralConfigAPIClientTest.testEmptyGeneralConfigCache_SuccessTrueReturned(GeneralConfigAPIClientTest.java:65)
But was 2 times. Undesired invocation:
-> at com.config.GeneralConfigAPIClient.callEmptyGeneralConfigCache(GeneralConfigAPIClient.java:34)

    at com.config.GeneralConfigAPIClientTest.testEmptyGeneralConfigCache_SuccessTrueReturned(GeneralConfigAPIClientTest.java:65)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:50)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:26)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestMethodCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestMethodCallbacks.java:75)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestMethodCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestMethodCallbacks.java:86)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.SpringRepeat.evaluate(SpringRepeat.java:84)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:325)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:252)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:94)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:70)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:191)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:86)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:539)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:761)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:461)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:207)

有谁能解释一下为什么我的测试是单独通过的，但作为一个整体却失败了

Answer 1

我也遇到了这个问题，就这样解决了这个问题；

在我的测试类中添加了以下3个注释：

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@TestPropertySource(properties = {
        "spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=none"
})
@SpringBootTest

使用以下内容创建模拟：

@InjectMocks
private ImplService service;

@Mock
private MailService mailService;

在设置中：

    @Before
    public void setUp() {
        LockAssert.TestHelper.makeAllAssertsPass(true);
        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
        // In case if you are using "environment" in your  
        ReflectionTestUtils.setField(service, "environment", "testEnvironment");
        ....
    }

Answer 2

我在游戏中迟到了，但我认为这可能对仍在经历相同问题的人有用（来源：https://reflectoring.io/clean-unit-tests-with-mockito/):

class CityServiceImplTest {

  // System under Test (SuT)
  private CityService cityService;

  // Mock
  private CityRepository cityRepository;

  @BeforeEach
  void setUp() {
    cityRepository = Mockito.mock(CityRepository.class);
    cityService = new CityServiceImpl(cityRepository);
  }

  // Test cases omitted for brevity.

}

通过这种方法，我完全消除了@SpringBootTest注释，并使测试类变得非常轻量级。

Answer 3

原因：您的测试加载了一个内部带有bean mock的应用程序上下文。在任何测试之后，bean模拟都是脏的。您还有一个脏的应用程序上下文。

解决方法：你必须清理豆模拟。每次测试后使用Mockito.reset（模拟）。我发现了类似的东西：当使用Mockito时，如何在Spring测试中清理模拟