使用POST方法在Swift中进行HTTP请求

Question

我正在尝试在Swift中运行一个HTTP请求，将2个参数发布到一个URL。

示例:

链接:

参数:

id = 13
name = Jack

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我甚至都不想看回复。我只是想通过一个PHP文件发送它来执行对我的数据库的更改。

Answer 1

对于任何想用Swift5编码POST请求的人来说。

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let url = URL(string: "https://example.com")!
var components = URLComponents(url: url, resolvingAgainstBaseURL: false)!

components.queryItems = [
    URLQueryItem(name: "key1", value: "NeedToEscape=And&"),
    URLQueryItem(name: "key2", value: "vålüé")
]

let query = components.url!.query

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var request = URLRequest(url: url)
request.httpMethod = "POST"
request.httpBody = Data(query.utf8)

现在您可以发送请求了。

Answer 2

Swift 4及以上

@IBAction func submitAction(sender: UIButton) {

    //declare parameter as a dictionary which contains string as key and value combination. considering inputs are valid

    let parameters = ["id": 13, "name": "jack"]

    //create the url with URL
    let url = URL(string: "www.thisismylink.com/postName.php")! //change the url

    //create the session object
    let session = URLSession.shared

    //now create the URLRequest object using the url object
    var request = URLRequest(url: url)
    request.httpMethod = "POST" //set http method as POST

    do {
        request.httpBody = try JSONSerialization.data(withJSONObject: parameters, options: .prettyPrinted) // pass dictionary to nsdata object and set it as request body
    } catch let error {
        print(error.localizedDescription)
    }

    request.addValue("application/json", forHTTPHeaderField: "Content-Type")
    request.addValue("application/json", forHTTPHeaderField: "Accept")

    //create dataTask using the session object to send data to the server
    let task = session.dataTask(with: request as URLRequest, completionHandler: { data, response, error in

        guard error == nil else {
            return
        }

        guard let data = data else {
            return
        }

        do {
            //create json object from data
            if let json = try JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: data, options: .mutableContainers) as? [String: Any] {
                print(json)
                // handle json...
            }
        } catch let error {
            print(error.localizedDescription)
        }
    })
    task.resume()
}

Answer 3

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let url = URL(string: "http://www.thisismylink.com/postName.php")!
var request = URLRequest(url: url)
request.setValue("application/x-www-form-urlencoded", forHTTPHeaderField: "Content-Type")
request.httpMethod = "POST"
let parameters: [String: Any] = [
    "id": 13,
    "name": "Jack & Jill"
]
request.httpBody = parameters.percentEncoded()

let task = URLSession.shared.dataTask(with: request) { data, response, error in
    guard let data = data, 
        let response = response as? HTTPURLResponse, 
        error == nil else {                                              // check for fundamental networking error
        print("error", error ?? "Unknown error")
        return
    }

    guard (200 ... 299) ~= response.statusCode else {                    // check for http errors
        print("statusCode should be 2xx, but is \(response.statusCode)")
        print("response = \(response)")
        return
    }

    let responseString = String(data: data, encoding: .utf8)
    print("responseString = \(responseString)")
}

task.resume()

其中:

extension Dictionary {
    func percentEncoded() -> Data? {
        return map { key, value in
            let escapedKey = "\(key)".addingPercentEncoding(withAllowedCharacters: .urlQueryValueAllowed) ?? ""
            let escapedValue = "\(value)".addingPercentEncoding(withAllowedCharacters: .urlQueryValueAllowed) ?? ""
            return escapedKey + "=" + escapedValue
        }
        .joined(separator: "&")
        .data(using: .utf8)
    }
}

extension CharacterSet { 
    static let urlQueryValueAllowed: CharacterSet = {
        let generalDelimitersToEncode = ":#[]@" // does not include "?" or "/" due to RFC 3986 - Section 3.4
        let subDelimitersToEncode = "!$&'()*+,;="

        var allowed = CharacterSet.urlQueryAllowed
        allowed.remove(charactersIn: "\(generalDelimitersToEncode)\(subDelimitersToEncode)")
        return allowed
    }()
}

这将检查基本网络错误和高级HTTP错误。这也正确地%转义了查询的参数。

注意，我使用了 ；jill/code>，以说明 正确的 结果，它是百分比编码的（即空格替换为 ，值中的 替换为

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