使用Maven结构的@ContextConfiguration（“/ApplicationContext.xml”）加载ApplicationContext失败

Question

我试图使用Spring运行JUnit测试，但控制台显示：未能加载ApplicationContext错误。我使用的是Maven结构，我有applicationContext。xml文件位于src/main/resources文件夹中。我已经阅读了所有相关的问题并尝试了解决方案，但没有成功。

这是文件夹结构。

代码如下：

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration("/applicationContext.xml")
public class ConsultarProveedorPorLlave {

@Resource
private SessionFactory fabricaSesionPostgreSQL;

@Test
public void test()
{
    Session sesion = fabricaSesionPostgreSQL.openSession();
    Proveedor proveedor = (Proveedor) sesion.get(Proveedor.class, 1);
    assertNotNull("El proveedor no existe", proveedor);
    System.out.println("Proveedor: " + proveedor.getProveedor() + " - " + proveedor.getNombre() + " - " + proveedor.getEstado());
    sesion.close();
}

以下是错误跟踪：

这是pom。xml文件：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>sacc</groupId>
<artifactId>sacc</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<properties>
    <hibernate.version>4.3.8.Final</hibernate.version>
    <postgresql.version>9.1-901-1.jdbc4</postgresql.version>
    <junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
    <spring.version>4.2.5.RELEASE</spring.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
    <!-- Hibernate -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
        <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
        <version>${hibernate.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- Hibernate -->

    <!-- PostgreSQL -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>postgresql</groupId>
        <artifactId>postgresql</artifactId>
        <version>${postgresql.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- PostgreSQL -->

    <!-- JUnit -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>junit</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        <version>${junit.version}</version>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <!-- JUnit -->

    <!-- Spring Framework -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-instrument</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-instrument-tomcat</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-jms</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-oxm</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-webmvc-portlet</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- Spring Framework -->
</dependencies>
<build>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>3.1</version>
            <configuration>
                <source>1.8</source>
                <target>1.8</target>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>

这是应用程序上下文。xml文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.2.xsd">

<bean id="fuenteDatosPostgreSQL"
    class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
    <property name="driverClassName" value="org.postgresql.Driver" />
    <property name="url" value="jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/sacc" />
    <property name="username" value="postgres" />
    <property name="password" value="admin" />
</bean>
<bean id="fabricaSesionPostgreSQL"
    class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
    <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate_postgresql.cfg.xml" />
    <property name="dataSource" value="fuenteDatosPostgreSQL" />
</bean>
<bean id="gestorTransaccionesPostgreSQL"
    class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">
    <property name="sessionFactory" ref="fabricaSesionPostgreSQL" />
</bean>

<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="gestorTransaccionesPostgreSQL" />
<context:component-scan base-package="com" scoped-proxy="interfaces" />

Answer 1

您可以将配置放入src/main/resourcesr，并在单元测试中尝试使用try@ContextConfiguration（“classpath:applicationContext.xml”）。

Answer 2

例外清楚地表明

java.lang.非法状态异常：无法将类型[java.lang.字符串]的值转换为所需类型[javax.sql.DataSource]的属性'dataSource'：

当您使用referencebean时，您需要使用ref而不是value。

<bean id="fabricaSesionPostgreSQL"
    class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
    <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate_postgresql.cfg.xml" />
    <property name="dataSource" value="fuenteDatosPostgreSQL" />
</bean>

将行替换为

<property name="dataSource" ref="fuenteDatosPostgreSQL" />

Answer 3

编辑：基于您提供的应用程序Context.xml

<代码>

需要

<代码>

这样，它会查找由"fuenteDatosPostgreSQL"引用的对象，而不是简单的字符串"fuenteDatosPostgreSQL"。