使用ReactJS的Django表单

Question

抱歉，这似乎是一个愚蠢的问题，但我在此问题上花费了很多时间，无法找到理想的解决方法。

我有使用Django模板呈现的Django表单。现在，我想将React组件添加到表单字段之一（从长远来看，可能要添加到多个字段）。

根据我到目前为止所读的内容，最好不要将Django模板与React渲染混合使用，而让Django仅用作将JSON数据发送到React的后端API，而React则负责整个表单渲染。所以我现在正试图完全通过React重新渲染我的表单。现在，我创建了serializers.py而不是forms.py，以定义要发送到React的数据，并在我的环境中设置了Django
Rest Framework。现在，我试图弄清楚如何发送这些数据。有一些不错的在线教程（和SO帖子）谈到了将Django /
DRF与React集成在一起，但还没有找到一个通过React和DRF端到端表单渲染的示​​例。特别，谁能让我知道我真正在我的视图中写了什么，然后对尝试获取表单数据的React的GET请求有用吗？网络参考或所需的主要步骤应该足以让我入门（并深入研究文档）。

更新：在此处还添加了serializers.py代码的简化版本：

from .models import Entity
from rest_framework import serializers


class EntitySerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Entity
        fields = ['name', 'role', 'location']

Answer 1

首先，我认为您需要检查有关具有多个输入的表单的相关React文档。它为您提供了有关在React端应该如何组织事物的基本思路。

关于从服务器获取数据，您可以在中尝​​试以下操作componentDidMount：

componentDidMount() {
    // Assuming you are using jQuery,
    // if not, try fetch().
    // Note that 2 is hardcoded, get your user id from 
    // URL or session or somewhere else.
    $.get('/api/profile/2/', (data) => {
        this.setState({
            formFields: data.fields // fields is an array
        });
    });
}

然后，您可以使用以下render方法在方法中创建html输入元素：

render () {
    let fields = this.state.formFields.map((field) => {
        return (
            <input type="text" value={field.value} onChange={(newValue) => {/* update your  state here with new value */ }} name={field.name}/>
        )
    });
    return (
        <div className="container">
            <form action="">
                {fields}
                <button onClick={this.submitForm.bind(this)}>Save</button>
            </form>
        </div>
    )
}

这是您的submitForm方法：

submitForm() {
    $.post('/api/profile/2/', {/* put your updated fields' data here */}, (response) => {
       // check if things done successfully.
    });
}

更新：

这是untested-but-should-work您的DRF视图的示例：

from rest_framework.decorators import api_view
from django.http import JsonResponse
from rest_framework.views import APIView


class ProfileFormView(APIView):
    # Assume you have a model named UserProfile
    # And a serializer for that model named UserSerializer
    # This is the view to let users update their profile info.
    # Like E-Mail, Birth Date etc.

    def get_object(self, pk):
        try:
            return UserProfile.objects.get(pk=pk)
        except:
            return None

    # this method will be called when your request is GET
    # we will use this to fetch field names and values while creating our form on React side
    def get(self, request, pk, format=None):
        user = self.get_object(pk)
        if not user:
            return JsonResponse({'status': 0, 'message': 'User with this id not found'})

        # You have a serializer that you specified which fields should be available in fo
        serializer = UserSerializer(user)
        # And here we send it those fields to our react component as json
        # Check this json data on React side, parse it, render it as form.
        return JsonResponse(serializer.data, safe=False)

    # this method will be used when user try to update or save their profile
    # for POST requests.
    def post(self, request, pk, format=None):
        try:
            user = self.get_object(pk)
        except:
            return JsonResponse({'status': 0, 'message': 'User with this id not found'})

        e_mail = request.data.get("email", None)
        birth_date = request.data.get('birth_date', None)
        job = request.data.get('job', None)

        user.email = e_mail
        user.birth_date = birth_date
        user.job = job

        try:
            user.save()
            return JsonResponse({'status': 1, 'message': 'Your profile updated successfully!'})
        except:
            return JsonResponse({'status': 0, 'message': 'There was something wrong while updating your profile.'})

这是与此视图相关的URL：

urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^api/profile/(?P<pk>[0-9]+)/$', ProfileFormView.as_view()),
]