恢复TensorFlow模型
穆理
问题内容：
问题答案：
我正在尝试恢复TensorFlow模型。我遵循以下示例：http :
//nasdag.github.io/blog/2016/01/19/classifying-bees-with-google-
tensorflow/
在示例的代码末尾，我添加了以下几行：
saver = tf.train.Saver()
save_path = saver.save(sess, "model.ckpt")
print("Model saved in file: %s" % save_path)
创建了两个文件：checkpoint和model.ckpt。
在一个新的python文件（tomas_bees_predict.py）中，我有以下代码：
import tensorflow as tf
saver = tf.train.Saver()
with tf.Session() as sess:
# Restore variables from disk.
saver.restore(sess, "model.ckpt")
print("Model restored.")
但是，当我执行代码时，出现此错误：
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "tomas_bees_predict.py", line 3, in <module>
saver = tf.train.Saver()
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/tensorflow/python/training/saver.py", line 705, in __init__
raise ValueError("No variables to save")
ValueError：没有要保存的变量
有没有办法读取mode.ckpt文件并查看保存了哪些变量？或者也许有人可以根据上述示例帮助保存模型并还原模型？
编辑1：
我想我尝试运行相同的代码以重新创建模型结构，但出现错误。我认为这可能与以下事实有关：此处描述的代码未使用命名变量：http :
//nasdag.github.io/blog/2016/01/19/classifying-bees-with-google-
tensorflow/
def weight_variable(shape):
initial = tf.truncated_normal(shape, stddev=0.1)
return tf.Variable(initial)
def bias_variable(shape):
initial = tf.constant(0.1, shape=shape)
return tf.Variable(initial)
所以我做了这个实验。我编写了两个版本的代码（带有和不带有命名变量）来保存模型，而代码则还原了模型。
tensor_save_named_vars.py ：
import tensorflow as tf
# Create some variables.
v1 = tf.Variable(1, name="v1")
v2 = tf.Variable(2, name="v2")
# Add an op to initialize the variables.
init_op = tf.initialize_all_variables()
# Add ops to save and restore all the variables.
saver = tf.train.Saver()
# Later, launch the model, initialize the variables, do some work, save the
# variables to disk.
with tf.Session() as sess:
sess.run(init_op)
print "v1 = ", v1.eval()
print "v2 = ", v2.eval()
# Save the variables to disk.
save_path = saver.save(sess, "/tmp/model.ckpt")
print "Model saved in file: ", save_path
tensor_save_not_named_vars.py：
import tensorflow as tf
# Create some variables.
v1 = tf.Variable(1)
v2 = tf.Variable(2)
# Add an op to initialize the variables.
init_op = tf.initialize_all_variables()
# Add ops to save and restore all the variables.
saver = tf.train.Saver()
# Later, launch the model, initialize the variables, do some work, save the
# variables to disk.
with tf.Session() as sess:
sess.run(init_op)
print "v1 = ", v1.eval()
print "v2 = ", v2.eval()
# Save the variables to disk.
save_path = saver.save(sess, "/tmp/model.ckpt")
print "Model saved in file: ", save_path
tensor_restore.py：
import tensorflow as tf
# Create some variables.
v1 = tf.Variable(0, name="v1")
v2 = tf.Variable(0, name="v2")
# Add ops to save and restore all the variables.
saver = tf.train.Saver()
# Later, launch the model, use the saver to restore variables from disk, and
# do some work with the model.
with tf.Session() as sess:
# Restore variables from disk.
saver.restore(sess, "/tmp/model.ckpt")
print "Model restored."
print "v1 = ", v1.eval()
print "v2 = ", v2.eval()
这是我执行此代码后得到的：
$ python tensor_save_named_vars.py
I tensorflow/core/common_runtime/local_device.cc:40] Local device intra op parallelism threads: 4
I tensorflow/core/common_runtime/direct_session.cc:58] Direct session inter op parallelism threads: 4
v1 = 1
v2 = 2
Model saved in file: /tmp/model.ckpt
$ python tensor_restore.py
I tensorflow/core/common_runtime/local_device.cc:40] Local device intra op parallelism threads: 4
I tensorflow/core/common_runtime/direct_session.cc:58] Direct session inter op parallelism threads: 4
Model restored.
v1 = 1
v2 = 2
$ python tensor_save_not_named_vars.py
I tensorflow/core/common_runtime/local_device.cc:40] Local device intra op parallelism threads: 4
I tensorflow/core/common_runtime/direct_session.cc:58] Direct session inter op parallelism threads: 4
v1 = 1
v2 = 2
Model saved in file: /tmp/model.ckpt
$ python tensor_restore.py
I tensorflow/core/common_runtime/local_device.cc:40] Local device intra op parallelism threads: 4
I tensorflow/core/common_runtime/direct_session.cc:58] Direct session inter op parallelism threads: 4
W tensorflow/core/common_runtime/executor.cc:1076] 0x7ff953881e40 Compute status: Not found: Tensor name "v2" not found in checkpoint files /tmp/model.ckpt
[[Node: save/restore_slice_1 = RestoreSlice[dt=DT_INT32, preferred_shard=-1, _device="/job:localhost/replica:0/task:0/cpu:0"](_recv_save/Const_0, save/restore_slice_1/tensor_name, save/restore_slice_1/shape_and_slice)]]
W tensorflow/core/common_runtime/executor.cc:1076] 0x7ff953881e40 Compute status: Not found: Tensor name "v1" not found in checkpoint files /tmp/model.ckpt
[[Node: save/restore_slice = RestoreSlice[dt=DT_INT32, preferred_shard=-1, _device="/job:localhost/replica:0/task:0/cpu:0"](_recv_save/Const_0, save/restore_slice/tensor_name, save/restore_slice/shape_and_slice)]]
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "tensor_restore.py", line 14, in <module>
saver.restore(sess, "/tmp/model.ckpt")
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/tensorflow/python/training/saver.py", line 891, in restore
sess.run([self._restore_op_name], {self._filename_tensor_name: save_path})
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/tensorflow/python/client/session.py", line 368, in run
results = self._do_run(target_list, unique_fetch_targets, feed_dict_string)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/tensorflow/python/client/session.py", line 444, in _do_run
e.code)
tensorflow.python.framework.errors.NotFoundError: Tensor name "v2" not found in checkpoint files /tmp/model.ckpt
[[Node: save/restore_slice_1 = RestoreSlice[dt=DT_INT32, preferred_shard=-1, _device="/job:localhost/replica:0/task:0/cpu:0"](_recv_save/Const_0, save/restore_slice_1/tensor_name, save/restore_slice_1/shape_and_slice)]]
Caused by op u'save/restore_slice_1', defined at:
File "tensor_restore.py", line 8, in <module>
saver = tf.train.Saver()
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/tensorflow/python/training/saver.py", line 713, in __init__
restore_sequentially=restore_sequentially)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/tensorflow/python/training/saver.py", line 432, in build
filename_tensor, vars_to_save, restore_sequentially, reshape)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/tensorflow/python/training/saver.py", line 191, in _AddRestoreOps
values = self.restore_op(filename_tensor, vs, preferred_shard)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/tensorflow/python/training/saver.py", line 106, in restore_op
preferred_shard=preferred_shard)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/tensorflow/python/ops/io_ops.py", line 189, in _restore_slice
preferred_shard, name=name)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/tensorflow/python/ops/gen_io_ops.py", line 271, in _restore_slice
preferred_shard=preferred_shard, name=name)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/tensorflow/python/ops/op_def_library.py", line 664, in apply_op
op_def=op_def)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/tensorflow/python/framework/ops.py", line 1834, in create_op
original_op=self._default_original_op, op_def=op_def)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/tensorflow/python/framework/ops.py", line 1043, in __init__
self._traceback = _extract_stack()
因此，也许可以将原始代码（请参见上面的外部链接）修改为以下形式：
def weight_variable(shape):
initial = tf.truncated_normal(shape, stddev=0.1)
weight_var = tf.Variable(initial, name="weight_var")
return weight_var
def bias_variable(shape):
initial = tf.constant(0.1, shape=shape)
bias_var = tf.Variable(initial, name="bias_var")
return bias_var
但是，我有一个问题：恢复weight_var和bias_var变量是否足以实现预测？我在具有GPU的功能强大的机器上进行了培训，我想将模型复制到功能不那么强大的没有GPU的计算机上以运行预测。
问题答案：
我想我尝试运行相同的代码以重新创建模型结构，但出现错误。我认为这可能与以下事实有关：此处描述的代码未使用命名变量：http :
//nasdag.github.io/blog/2016/01/19/classifying-bees-with-google-
tensorflow/
def weight_variable(shape):
initial = tf.truncated_normal(shape, stddev=0.1)
return tf.Variable(initial)
def bias_variable(shape):
initial = tf.constant(0.1, shape=shape)
return tf.Variable(initial)
所以我做了这个实验。我编写了两个版本的代码（带有和不带有命名变量）来保存模型，而代码则还原了模型。
tensor_save_named_vars.py ：
import tensorflow as tf
# Create some variables.
v1 = tf.Variable(1, name="v1")
v2 = tf.Variable(2, name="v2")
# Add an op to initialize the variables.
init_op = tf.initialize_all_variables()
# Add ops to save and restore all the variables.
saver = tf.train.Saver()
# Later, launch the model, initialize the variables, do some work, save the
# variables to disk.
with tf.Session() as sess:
sess.run(init_op)
print "v1 = ", v1.eval()
print "v2 = ", v2.eval()
# Save the variables to disk.
save_path = saver.save(sess, "/tmp/model.ckpt")
print "Model saved in file: ", save_path
tensor_save_not_named_vars.py：
import tensorflow as tf
# Create some variables.
v1 = tf.Variable(1)
v2 = tf.Variable(2)
# Add an op to initialize the variables.
init_op = tf.initialize_all_variables()
# Add ops to save and restore all the variables.
saver = tf.train.Saver()
# Later, launch the model, initialize the variables, do some work, save the
# variables to disk.
with tf.Session() as sess:
sess.run(init_op)
print "v1 = ", v1.eval()
print "v2 = ", v2.eval()
# Save the variables to disk.
save_path = saver.save(sess, "/tmp/model.ckpt")
print "Model saved in file: ", save_path
tensor_restore.py：
import tensorflow as tf
# Create some variables.
v1 = tf.Variable(0, name="v1")
v2 = tf.Variable(0, name="v2")
# Add ops to save and restore all the variables.
saver = tf.train.Saver()
# Later, launch the model, use the saver to restore variables from disk, and
# do some work with the model.
with tf.Session() as sess:
# Restore variables from disk.
saver.restore(sess, "/tmp/model.ckpt")
print "Model restored."
print "v1 = ", v1.eval()
print "v2 = ", v2.eval()
这是我执行此代码后得到的：
$ python tensor_save_named_vars.py
I tensorflow/core/common_runtime/local_device.cc:40] Local device intra op parallelism threads: 4
I tensorflow/core/common_runtime/direct_session.cc:58] Direct session inter op parallelism threads: 4
v1 = 1
v2 = 2
Model saved in file: /tmp/model.ckpt
$ python tensor_restore.py
I tensorflow/core/common_runtime/local_device.cc:40] Local device intra op parallelism threads: 4
I tensorflow/core/common_runtime/direct_session.cc:58] Direct session inter op parallelism threads: 4
Model restored.
v1 = 1
v2 = 2
$ python tensor_save_not_named_vars.py
I tensorflow/core/common_runtime/local_device.cc:40] Local device intra op parallelism threads: 4
I tensorflow/core/common_runtime/direct_session.cc:58] Direct session inter op parallelism threads: 4
v1 = 1
v2 = 2
Model saved in file: /tmp/model.ckpt
$ python tensor_restore.py
I tensorflow/core/common_runtime/local_device.cc:40] Local device intra op parallelism threads: 4
I tensorflow/core/common_runtime/direct_session.cc:58] Direct session inter op parallelism threads: 4
W tensorflow/core/common_runtime/executor.cc:1076] 0x7ff953881e40 Compute status: Not found: Tensor name "v2" not found in checkpoint files /tmp/model.ckpt
[[Node: save/restore_slice_1 = RestoreSlice[dt=DT_INT32, preferred_shard=-1, _device="/job:localhost/replica:0/task:0/cpu:0"](_recv_save/Const_0, save/restore_slice_1/tensor_name, save/restore_slice_1/shape_and_slice)]]
W tensorflow/core/common_runtime/executor.cc:1076] 0x7ff953881e40 Compute status: Not found: Tensor name "v1" not found in checkpoint files /tmp/model.ckpt
[[Node: save/restore_slice = RestoreSlice[dt=DT_INT32, preferred_shard=-1, _device="/job:localhost/replica:0/task:0/cpu:0"](_recv_save/Const_0, save/restore_slice/tensor_name, save/restore_slice/shape_and_slice)]]
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "tensor_restore.py", line 14, in <module>
saver.restore(sess, "/tmp/model.ckpt")
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/tensorflow/python/training/saver.py", line 891, in restore
sess.run([self._restore_op_name], {self._filename_tensor_name: save_path})
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/tensorflow/python/client/session.py", line 368, in run
results = self._do_run(target_list, unique_fetch_targets, feed_dict_string)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/tensorflow/python/client/session.py", line 444, in _do_run
e.code)
tensorflow.python.framework.errors.NotFoundError: Tensor name "v2" not found in checkpoint files /tmp/model.ckpt
[[Node: save/restore_slice_1 = RestoreSlice[dt=DT_INT32, preferred_shard=-1, _device="/job:localhost/replica:0/task:0/cpu:0"](_recv_save/Const_0, save/restore_slice_1/tensor_name, save/restore_slice_1/shape_and_slice)]]
Caused by op u'save/restore_slice_1', defined at:
File "tensor_restore.py", line 8, in <module>
saver = tf.train.Saver()
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/tensorflow/python/training/saver.py", line 713, in __init__
restore_sequentially=restore_sequentially)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/tensorflow/python/training/saver.py", line 432, in build
filename_tensor, vars_to_save, restore_sequentially, reshape)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/tensorflow/python/training/saver.py", line 191, in _AddRestoreOps
values = self.restore_op(filename_tensor, vs, preferred_shard)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/tensorflow/python/training/saver.py", line 106, in restore_op
preferred_shard=preferred_shard)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/tensorflow/python/ops/io_ops.py", line 189, in _restore_slice
preferred_shard, name=name)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/tensorflow/python/ops/gen_io_ops.py", line 271, in _restore_slice
preferred_shard=preferred_shard, name=name)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/tensorflow/python/ops/op_def_library.py", line 664, in apply_op
op_def=op_def)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/tensorflow/python/framework/ops.py", line 1834, in create_op
original_op=self._default_original_op, op_def=op_def)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/tensorflow/python/framework/ops.py", line 1043, in __init__
self._traceback = _extract_stack()
因此，也许可以将原始代码（请参见上面的外部链接）修改为以下形式：
def weight_variable(shape):
initial = tf.truncated_normal(shape, stddev=0.1)
weight_var = tf.Variable(initial, name="weight_var")
return weight_var
def bias_variable(shape):
initial = tf.constant(0.1, shape=shape)
bias_var = tf.Variable(initial, name="bias_var")
return bias_var
但是，我有一个问题：恢复weight_var和bias_var变量是否足以实现预测？我在具有GPU的功能强大的机器上进行了培训，我想将模型复制到功能不那么强大的没有GPU的计算机上以运行预测。
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