如何从Java调用GraphViz
严昀
问题内容：
问题答案：
如何从Java调用GraphViz，以及如何使用Java调用GraphViz函数？为了访问用于构建点图的GraphViz库，必须包含哪些必需的jar文件？是否有用于生成点图的示例程序
问题答案：
检查此
API，它很简单，并且具有几种输出格式（即pdf gif ..etc）。
编辑2016年5月： 许多人评论说该API不再可用；这里是其源代码：
首先config.properties，您需要创建并复制以下文件，然后粘贴以下文件：
##############################################################
# Linux Configurations #
##############################################################
# The dir. where temporary files will be created.
tempDirForLinux = /tmp
# Where is your dot program located? It will be called externally.
dotForLinux = /usr/bin/dot
##############################################################
# Windows Configurations #
##############################################################
# The dir. where temporary files will be created.
tempDirForWindows = c:/temp
# Where is your dot program located? It will be called externally.
dotForWindows = "c:/Program Files (x86)/Graphviz 2.28/bin/dot.exe"
##############################################################
# Mac Configurations #
##############################################################
# The dir. where temporary files will be created.
tempDirForMacOSX = /tmp
# Where is your dot program located? It will be called externally.
dotForMacOSX = /usr/local/bin/dot
然后是Graphviz.java源代码
// GraphViz.java - a simple API to call dot from Java programs
/*$Id$*/
/*
******************************************************************************
* *
* (c) Copyright Laszlo Szathmary *
* *
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it *
* under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by *
* the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or *
* (at your option) any later version. *
* *
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but *
* WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY *
* or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Lesser General Public *
* License for more details. *
* *
* You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License *
* along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, *
* Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. *
* *
******************************************************************************
*/
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.DataInputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.util.Properties;
/**
* <dl>
* <dt>Purpose: GraphViz Java API
* <dd>
*
* <dt>Description:
* <dd> With this Java class you can simply call dot
* from your Java programs.
* <dt>Example usage:
* <dd>
* <pre>
* GraphViz gv = new GraphViz();
* gv.addln(gv.start_graph());
* gv.addln("A -> B;");
* gv.addln("A -> C;");
* gv.addln(gv.end_graph());
* System.out.println(gv.getDotSource());
*
* String type = "gif";
* File out = new File("out." + type); // out.gif in this example
* gv.writeGraphToFile( gv.getGraph( gv.getDotSource(), type ), out );
* </pre>
* </dd>
*
* </dl>
*
* @version v0.5.1, 2013/03/18 (March) -- Patch of Juan Hoyos (Mac support)
* @version v0.5, 2012/04/24 (April) -- Patch of Abdur Rahman (OS detection + start subgraph +
* read config file)
* @version v0.4, 2011/02/05 (February) -- Patch of Keheliya Gallaba is added. Now you
* can specify the type of the output file: gif, dot, fig, pdf, ps, svg, png, etc.
* @version v0.3, 2010/11/29 (November) -- Windows support + ability to read the graph from a text file
* @version v0.2, 2010/07/22 (July) -- bug fix
* @version v0.1, 2003/12/04 (December) -- first release
* @author Laszlo Szathmary (<a href="jabba.laci@gmail.com">jabba.laci@gmail.com</a>)
*/
public class GraphViz
{
/**
* Detects the client's operating system.
*/
private final static String osName = System.getProperty("os.name").replaceAll("\\s","");
/**
* Load the config.properties file.
*/
private final static String cfgProp = "/Users/seteropere/NetBeansProjects/TestApplication/src/config.properties";
private final static Properties configFile = new Properties() {
private final static long serialVersionUID = 1L; {
try {
load(new FileInputStream(cfgProp));
} catch (Exception e) {}
}
};
/**
* The dir. where temporary files will be created.
*/
private static String TEMP_DIR = "/Users/seteropere/NetBeansProjects/TestApplication";
/**
* Where is your dot program located? It will be called externally.
*/
private static String DOT = configFile.getProperty("dotFor" + osName);
/**
* The image size in dpi. 96 dpi is normal size. Higher values are 10% higher each.
* Lower values 10% lower each.
*
* dpi patch by Peter Mueller
*/
private int[] dpiSizes = {46, 51, 57, 63, 70, 78, 86, 96, 106, 116, 128, 141, 155, 170, 187, 206, 226, 249};
/**
* Define the index in the image size array.
*/
private int currentDpiPos = 7;
/**
* Increase the image size (dpi).
*/
public void increaseDpi() {
if ( this.currentDpiPos < (this.dpiSizes.length - 1) ) {
++this.currentDpiPos;
}
}
/**
* Decrease the image size (dpi).
*/
public void decreaseDpi() {
if (this.currentDpiPos > 0) {
--this.currentDpiPos;
}
}
public int getImageDpi() {
return this.dpiSizes[this.currentDpiPos];
}
/**
* The source of the graph written in dot language.
*/
private StringBuilder graph = new StringBuilder();
/**
* Constructor: creates a new GraphViz object that will contain
* a graph.
*/
public GraphViz() {
}
/**
* Returns the graph's source description in dot language.
* @return Source of the graph in dot language.
*/
public String getDotSource() {
return this.graph.toString();
}
/**
* Adds a string to the graph's source (without newline).
*/
public void add(String line) {
this.graph.append(line);
}
/**
* Adds a string to the graph's source (with newline).
*/
public void addln(String line) {
this.graph.append(line + "\n");
}
/**
* Adds a newline to the graph's source.
*/
public void addln() {
this.graph.append('\n');
}
public void clearGraph(){
this.graph = new StringBuilder();
}
/**
* Returns the graph as an image in binary format.
* @param dot_source Source of the graph to be drawn.
* @param type Type of the output image to be produced, e.g.: gif, dot, fig, pdf, ps, svg, png.
* @return A byte array containing the image of the graph.
*/
public byte[] getGraph(String dot_source, String type)
{
File dot;
byte[] img_stream = null;
try {
dot = writeDotSourceToFile(dot_source);
if (dot != null)
{
img_stream = get_img_stream(dot, type);
if (dot.delete() == false)
System.err.println("Warning: " + dot.getAbsolutePath() + " could not be deleted!");
return img_stream;
}
return null;
} catch (java.io.IOException ioe) { return null; }
}
/**
* Writes the graph's image in a file.
* @param img A byte array containing the image of the graph.
* @param file Name of the file to where we want to write.
* @return Success: 1, Failure: -1
*/
public int writeGraphToFile(byte[] img, String file)
{
File to = new File(file);
return writeGraphToFile(img, to);
}
/**
* Writes the graph's image in a file.
* @param img A byte array containing the image of the graph.
* @param to A File object to where we want to write.
* @return Success: 1, Failure: -1
*/
public int writeGraphToFile(byte[] img, File to)
{
try {
FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(to);
fos.write(img);
fos.close();
} catch (java.io.IOException ioe) { return -1; }
return 1;
}
/**
* It will call the external dot program, and return the image in
* binary format.
* @param dot Source of the graph (in dot language).
* @param type Type of the output image to be produced, e.g.: gif, dot, fig, pdf, ps, svg, png.
* @return The image of the graph in .gif format.
*/
private byte[] get_img_stream(File dot, String type)
{
File img;
byte[] img_stream = null;
try {
img = File.createTempFile("graph_", "."+type, new File(GraphViz.TEMP_DIR));
Runtime rt = Runtime.getRuntime();
// patch by Mike Chenault
String[] args = {DOT, "-T"+type, "-Gdpi="+dpiSizes[this.currentDpiPos], dot.getAbsolutePath(), "-o", img.getAbsolutePath()};
Process p = rt.exec(args);
p.waitFor();
FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream(img.getAbsolutePath());
img_stream = new byte[in.available()];
in.read(img_stream);
// Close it if we need to
if( in != null ) in.close();
if (img.delete() == false)
System.err.println("Warning: " + img.getAbsolutePath() + " could not be deleted!");
}
catch (java.io.IOException ioe) {
System.err.println("Error: in I/O processing of tempfile in dir " + GraphViz.TEMP_DIR+"\n");
System.err.println(" or in calling external command");
ioe.printStackTrace();
}
catch (java.lang.InterruptedException ie) {
System.err.println("Error: the execution of the external program was interrupted");
ie.printStackTrace();
}
return img_stream;
}
/**
* Writes the source of the graph in a file, and returns the written file
* as a File object.
* @param str Source of the graph (in dot language).
* @return The file (as a File object) that contains the source of the graph.
*/
private File writeDotSourceToFile(String str) throws java.io.IOException
{
File temp;
try {
temp = File.createTempFile("dorrr",".dot", new File(GraphViz.TEMP_DIR));
FileWriter fout = new FileWriter(temp);
fout.write(str);
BufferedWriter br=new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter("dotsource.dot"));
br.write(str);
br.flush();
br.close();
fout.close();
}
catch (Exception e) {
System.err.println("Error: I/O error while writing the dot source to temp file!");
return null;
}
return temp;
}
/**
* Returns a string that is used to start a graph.
* @return A string to open a graph.
*/
public String start_graph() {
return "digraph G {";
}
/**
* Returns a string that is used to end a graph.
* @return A string to close a graph.
*/
public String end_graph() {
return "}";
}
/**
* Takes the cluster or subgraph id as input parameter and returns a string
* that is used to start a subgraph.
* @return A string to open a subgraph.
*/
public String start_subgraph(int clusterid) {
return "subgraph cluster_" + clusterid + " {";
}
/**
* Returns a string that is used to end a graph.
* @return A string to close a graph.
*/
public String end_subgraph() {
return "}";
}
/**
* Read a DOT graph from a text file.
*
* @param input Input text file containing the DOT graph
* source.
*/
public void readSource(String input)
{
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
try
{
FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(input);
DataInputStream dis = new DataInputStream(fis);
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(dis));
String line;
while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
sb.append(line);
}
dis.close();
}
catch (Exception e) {
System.err.println("Error: " + e.getMessage());
}
this.graph = sb;
}
} // end of class GraphViz
一个例子是：
public static void createDotGraph(String dotFormat,String fileName)
{
GraphViz gv=new GraphViz();
gv.addln(gv.start_graph());
gv.add(dotFormat);
gv.addln(gv.end_graph());
// String type = "gif";
String type = "pdf";
// gv.increaseDpi();
gv.decreaseDpi();
gv.decreaseDpi();
File out = new File(fileName+"."+ type);
gv.writeGraphToFile( gv.getGraph( gv.getDotSource(), type ), out );
}
像这样调用它：
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
String dotFormat="1->2;1->3;1->4;4->5;4->6;6->7;5->7;3->8;3->6;8->7;2->8;2->5;";
createDotGraph(dotFormat, "DotGraph");
}
它将在您指定的目录中创建dotsource.dot并DotGraph.pdf表示一个立方图。请记住：您只需要更改代码中两个参数的值：cfgProp和TEMP_DIR。
希望能有所帮助。
类似资料：
-
问题内容： 我有一个想从Java使用的Perl模块。是否可以使用Windows上的ActiveState Perl或Linux随附的通用Perl来调用此代码？我找到了对JPL的引用，但似乎不再维护了。 问题答案： Inline-Java是从Perl调用Java的常用库，因此本文提出了 org.perl.java 模块，该模块应允许按要求从Java调用Perl。 但是，由于不同的JVM的JNI实现的
-
问题内容： 我需要从我的C ++程序中运行以下行： java -jar test.jar text1 text2 Java应用程序将给出一个float值并将其提供给c ++程序。 我怎样才能做到这一点？我从未从ms visual studio C ++文件中调用过Java东西。 问题答案： 当我直接在命令提示符下运行java命令时，它可以工作。但是当我从c ++文件运行命令时，错误显示“系统无法执
-
问题内容： 我不是在寻找像Web服务这样的常见答案。我正在寻找在同一台机器上运行的轻量级解决方案。 编辑：我正在寻找Java中调用.NET方法的方法 问题答案： 我相信Java可以与COM对话，.NET可以公开COM接口。因此，这可能是一种非常轻巧的解决方案，不需要任何第三方。还可以选择使用套接字在程序之间进行通信，这不需要在计算机上安装大量的IIS实例。
-
问题内容： 我需要从PowerShell调用Java程序（jar文件）。以下代码有效： 但是我需要在一个过程中运行该应用程序（使用）。 我正在尝试以下成功： 错误： 知道如何解决吗？ 问题答案： 您将需要为Powershell使用以下格式： 或者您可以使用的其他选项是Start-job：
-
问题内容： 我需要从Java调用C＃函数，为此，我创建了以下代码。我有一个创建的Java头文件Authenticator.h，代码如下： 然后，我创建了一个身份验证的C＃函数 然后，我尝试使用以下代码从C ++（项目创建dll）中调用C＃函数； 最后创建一个需要从Java调用的dll。该dll已创建，并且可以在Java中很好地加载它，但是在Java中却收到此错误日志。我可能会错过什么。 问题答案：
-
问题内容： 我有一个通常从命令行启动的Java程序。从命令行启动后，Java程序将一直运行直到被按下Ctrl + C退出或杀死另一个脚本中的命令为止。Java程序向控制台输出错误消息（如果有）。 现在，我想开发基于Express的NodeJs Web应用程序。当用户单击链接（运行）时，单击处理程序将调用Ajax请求，这将导致后端NodeJs脚本运行该Java程序（如果尚未运行）。另一个链接（停止）