使用Java的Selenium-驱动程序可执行文件的路径必须由webdriver.gecko.driver系统属性设置

Question

我正在尝试启动Mozilla，但仍然出现此错误：

Answer 1

该Selenium客户端绑定将尝试找到geckodriver从系统中可执行文件PATH。你将需要将包含可执行文件的目录添加到系统路径。

在Unix系统上，如果使用的是与bash兼容的shell，则可以执行以下操作将其附加到系统的搜索路径中：

export PATH=$PATH:/path/to/geckodriver

在Windows上，你需要更新Path系统变量以将完整目录路径添加到可执行文件。其原理与Unix相同。

使用任何编程语言绑定来启动最新的firefox的以下所有配置都适用于Selenium2显式启用Marionette。在Selenium 3.0及更高版本中，你不需要做任何事情来使用木偶，因为它是默认启用的。

要在测试中使用木偶，你将需要更新所需的功能才能使用它。

Java：

作为例外，很明显，你需要geckodriver.exe从此处下载最新版本，并geckodriver.exe使用变量将系统中存在的已下载路径设置为具有变量的系统属性，webdriver.gecko.driver然后启动木偶驱动程序并启动Firefox，如下所示：

//if you didn't update the Path system variable to add the full directory path to the executable as above mentioned then doing this directly through code
System.setProperty("webdriver.gecko.driver", "path/to/geckodriver.exe");

//Now you can Initialize marionette driver to launch firefox
DesiredCapabilities capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.firefox();
capabilities.setCapability("marionette", true);
WebDriver driver = new MarionetteDriver(capabilities); 

并Selenium3用作：

WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();

如果你仍然遇到问题，请也遵循此链接，这将帮助你解决问题

.NET：

var driver = new FirefoxDriver(new FirefoxOptions());

Python：

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.desired_capabilities import DesiredCapabilities

caps = DesiredCapabilities.FIREFOX

# Tell the Python bindings to use Marionette.
# This will not be necessary in the future,
# when Selenium will auto-detect what remote end
# it is talking to.
caps["marionette"] = True

# Path to Firefox DevEdition or Nightly.
# Firefox 47 (stable) is currently not supported,
# and may give you a suboptimal experience.
#
# On Mac OS you must point to the binary executable
# inside the application package, such as
# /Applications/FirefoxNightly.app/Contents/MacOS/firefox-bin
caps["binary"] = "/usr/bin/firefox"

driver = webdriver.Firefox(capabilities=caps)

Ruby :

# Selenium 3 uses Marionette by default when firefox is specified
# Set Marionette in Selenium 2 by directly passing marionette: true
# You might need to specify an alternate path for the desired version of Firefox

Selenium::WebDriver::Firefox::Binary.path = "/path/to/firefox"
driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :firefox, marionette: true

JavaScript（Node.js）：

const webdriver = require('selenium-webdriver');
const Capabilities = require('selenium-webdriver/lib/capabilities').Capabilities;

var capabilities = Capabilities.firefox();

// Tell the Node.js bindings to use Marionette.
// This will not be necessary in the future,
// when Selenium will auto-detect what remote end
// it is talking to.
capabilities.set('marionette', true);

var driver = new webdriver.Builder().withCapabilities(capabilities).build();

Using RemoteWebDriver

如果要以RemoteWebDriver任何语言使用，这将允许你Marionette在SeleniumGrid中使用。

Python：

caps = DesiredCapabilities.FIREFOX

# Tell the Python bindings to use Marionette.
# This will not be necessary in the future,
# when Selenium will auto-detect what remote end
# it is talking to.
caps["marionette"] = True

driver = webdriver.Firefox(capabilities=caps)

Ruby :

# Selenium 3 uses Marionette by default when firefox is specified
# Set Marionette in Selenium 2 by using the Capabilities class
# You might need to specify an alternate path for the desired version of Firefox

caps = Selenium::WebDriver::Remote::Capabilities.firefox marionette: true, firefox_binary: "/path/to/firefox"
driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :remote, desired_capabilities: caps

Java：

DesiredCapabilities capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.firefox();

// Tell the Java bindings to use Marionette.
// This will not be necessary in the future,
// when Selenium will auto-detect what remote end
// it is talking to.
capabilities.setCapability("marionette", true);

WebDriver driver = new RemoteWebDriver(capabilities); 

.NET

DesiredCapabilities capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.Firefox();

// Tell the .NET bindings to use Marionette.
// This will not be necessary in the future,
// when Selenium will auto-detect what remote end
// it is talking to.
capabilities.SetCapability("marionette", true);

var driver = new RemoteWebDriver(capabilities); 

注意：与其他浏览器供应商提供给Selenium的其他驱动程序一样，Mozilla现在已经发布了一个可执行文件，它将与浏览器一起运行。请遵循此以获取更多详细信息。