将CSV转换为JSON树结构？

Question

但是，我仍然无法将csv文件转换为JSON的层次结构。我在stackoverflow上找到的脚本是特定于某个问题的。假设必须对三个变量进行分组：

condition   target  sub
oxygen      tree    G1
oxygen      tree    G2
water       car     G3
water       tree    GZ
fire        car     GTD
oxygen      bomb    GYYS

这将导致这样的JSON文件（据我尝试）：

oxygen
    - tree  
        - G1
        - G2
    - bomb
        -GYYS
water 
    - car
        - G3
    - tree
        -GZ
fire 
    - car   
        - GTD

这些必须分组为嵌套结构，例如：

    {
   "name": "oxygen",
   "children": [
    {
     "name": "tree",
     "children": [
      {"name": "G1"},
      {"name": "G2"},
      {"name": "GYYS"}
     ]
    },
    {
     "name": "bomb",
      "children": [
      {"name": "GYYS"}
     ]
    }
    ]
}
etc.

我尝试了该站点上的每个脚本，但是无法创建可以使flare.json这样的通用函数。我可以发布代码，但这就像上面提供的链接一样。因此，我要求一个简单的代码（或可以帮助我的示例）将其转换为类似flare.JSON的结构。

Answer 1

使用defaultdict从馆藏标准库赚了很多的具有层次结构简单，可解决的问题。因此，我为您的问题开发了示例解决方案。但是在运行脚本之前，请确保已用逗号分隔了csv文件（名为test.csv），或者可以在此处更改csv阅读器逻辑。

这是我测试脚本的csv文件。

condition, target, sub, dub
oxygen,tree,G1,T1
oxygen,tree,G2,T1
oxygen,tree,G2,T2
water,car,G3,T1
water,tree,GZ,T1
water,tree,GZ,T2
fire,car,GTD,T3
oxygen,bomb,GYYS,T1

从技术上讲，该脚本应适用于具有各种尺寸的任何类型的csv文件。但是您需要自己进行测试才能确定。

import csv
from collections import defaultdict


def ctree():
    """ One of the python gems. Making possible to have dynamic tree structure.

    """
    return defaultdict(ctree)


def build_leaf(name, leaf):
    """ Recursive function to build desired custom tree structure

    """
    res = {"name": name}

    # add children node if the leaf actually has any children
    if len(leaf.keys()) > 0:
        res["children"] = [build_leaf(k, v) for k, v in leaf.items()]

    return res


def main():
    """ The main thread composed from two parts.

    First it's parsing the csv file and builds a tree hierarchy from it.
    Second it's recursively iterating over the tree and building custom
    json-like structure (via dict).

    And the last part is just printing the result.

    """
    tree = ctree()
    # NOTE: you need to have test.csv file as neighbor to this file
    with open('test.csv') as csvfile:
        reader = csv.reader(csvfile)
        for rid, row in enumerate(reader):

            # skipping first header row. remove this logic if your csv is
            # headerless
            if rid == 0:
                continue

            # usage of python magic to construct dynamic tree structure and
            # basically grouping csv values under their parents
            leaf = tree[row[0]]
            for cid in range(1, len(row)):
                leaf = leaf[row[cid]]

    # building a custom tree structure
    res = []
    for name, leaf in tree.items():
        res.append(build_leaf(name, leaf))

    # printing results into the terminal
    import json
    print(json.dumps(res))


# so let's roll
main()

这是结果的json片段：

{
    "name": "oxygen",
    "children": [
      {
        "name": "tree",
        "children": [
          {
            "name": "G2",
            "children": [
              {
                "name": "T2"
              },
              {
                "name": "T1"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "name": "G1",
            "children": [
              {
                "name": "T1"
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "name": "bomb",
        "children": [
          {
            "name": "GYYS",
            "children": [
              {
                "name": "T1"
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  }

请让我知道是否还有其他问题。快乐的pythonning;）