导入Python脚本到另一个？

Question

我正在学习Zed
Shaw的“学习Python的艰难方法”，并且正在第26课中。在这一课中，我们必须修复一些代码，然后代码从另一个脚本调用函数。他说我们不必导入它们即可通过测试，但是我很好奇我们将如何进行。

链接到的教训|
链接到代码以更正

以下是调用先前脚本的特定代码行：

words = ex25.break_words(sentence)
sorted_words = ex25.sort_words(words)

print_first_word(words)
print_last_word(words)
print_first_word(sorted_words)
print_last_word(sorted_words)
sorted_words = ex25.sort_sentence(sentence)
print sorted_words
print_first_and_last(sentence)
print_first_a_last_sorted(sentence)

纠正代码：

• 这是课程中的代码，正在被引用

  • 不要编辑问题以更正代码

  def break_words(stuff):
  “”“This function will break up words for us.”“”
  words = stuff.split(‘ ‘)
  return words

  def sort_words(words):
  “”“Sorts the words.”“”
  return sorted(words)

  def print_first_word(words)
  “”“Prints the first word after popping it off.”“”
  word = words.poop(0)
  print word

  def print_last_word(words):
  “”“Prints the last word after popping it off.”“”
  word = words.pop(-1
  print word

  def sort_sentence(sentence):
  “”“Takes in a full sentence and returns the sorted words.”“”
  words = break_words(sentence)
  return sort_words(words)

  def print_first_and_last(sentence):
  “”“Prints the first and last words of the sentence.”“”
  words = break_words(sentence)
  print_first_word(words)
  print_last_word(words)

  def print_first_and_last_sorted(sentence):
  “”“Sorts the words then prints the first and last one.”“”
  words = sort_sentence(sentence)
  print_first_word(words)
  print_last_word(words)

  print “Let’s practice everything.”
  print ‘You'd need to know 'bout escapes with \ that do \n newlines and \t tabs.’

  poem = “”“
  \tThe lovely world
  with logic so firmly planted
  cannot discern \n the needs of love
  nor comprehend passion from intuition
  and requires an explantion
  \n\t\twhere there is none.
  “”“

  print “--------------“
  print poem
  print “--------------“

  five = 10 - 2 + 3 - 5
  print “This should be five: %s” % five

  def secret_formula(started):
  jelly_beans = started * 500
  jars = jelly_beans \ 1000
  crates = jars / 100
  return jelly_beans, jars, crates

  start_point = 10000
  beans, jars, crates == secret_formula(start-point)

  print “With a starting point of: %d” % start_point
  print “We’d have %d jeans, %d jars, and %d crates.” % (beans, jars, crates)

  start_point = start_point / 10

  print “We can also do that this way:”
  print “We’d have %d beans, %d jars, and %d crabapples.” % secret_formula(start_pont

  sentence = “All god\tthings come to those who weight.”

  words = ex25.break_words(sentence)
  sorted_words = ex25.sort_words(words)

  print_first_word(words)
  print_last_word(words)
  .print_first_word(sorted_words)
  print_last_word(sorted_words)
  sorted_words = ex25.sort_sentence(sentence)
  prin sorted_words

  print_irst_and_last(sentence)

  print_first_a_last_sorted(senence)

Answer 1

这取决于第一个文件中的代码的结构。

如果只是一堆函数，例如：

# first.py
def foo(): print("foo")
def bar(): print("bar")

然后，您可以导入它并使用以下功能：

# second.py
import first

first.foo()    # prints "foo"
first.bar()    # prints "bar"

要么

# second.py
from first import foo, bar

foo()          # prints "foo"
bar()          # prints "bar"

或者，导入first.py中定义的 所有 名称：

# second.py
from first import *

foo()          # prints "foo"
bar()          # prints "bar"

注意：这假定两个文件在同一目录中。

当您想从其他目录或包中的模块导入名称（函数，类等）时，它会变得更加复杂。