在Docker中安装pip

Question

我无法在Docker中安装pip。

这是我的Dockerfile：

FROM ubuntu:14.04

# Install dependencies
RUN apt-get update -y
RUN apt-get install -y git curl apache2 php5 libapache2-mod-php5 php5-mcrypt php5-mysql python3.4 python-pip

建造时，我得到：

Sending build context to Docker daemon 109.6 kB
Step 1 : FROM ubuntu:14.04
 ---> b549a9959a66
Step 2 : RUN apt-get update -y
 ---> Using cache
 ---> 84577471562c
Step 3 : RUN apt-get install -y git curl apache2 php5 libapache2-mod-php5 php5-mcrypt php5-mysql python3.4 python-pip
 ---> Running in 49252a6d0eb1
Reading package lists...
Building dependency tree...
Reading state information...
python3.4 is already the newest version.
The following extra packages will be installed:
  apache2-bin apache2-data binutils build-essential ca-certificates cpp
  cpp-4.8 dpkg-dev fakeroot g++ g++-4.8 gcc gcc-4.8 git-man krb5-locales
  libalgorithm-diff-perl libalgorithm-diff-xs-perl libalgorithm-merge-perl
  libapr1 libaprutil1 libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3 libaprutil1-ldap libasan0
  libasn1-8-heimdal libatomic1 libc-dev-bin libc6-dev libcloog-isl4 libcurl3
  libcurl3-gnutls libdpkg-perl libedit2 liberror-perl libfakeroot
  libfile-fcntllock-perl libgcc-4.8-dev libgmp10 libgomp1 libgssapi-krb5-2
  libgssapi3-heimdal libhcrypto4-heimdal libheimbase1-heimdal
  libheimntlm0-heimdal libhx509-5-heimdal libidn11 libisl10 libitm1
  libk5crypto3 libkeyutils1 libkrb5-26-heimdal libkrb5-3 libkrb5support0
  libldap-2.4-2 libmcrypt4 libmpc3 libmpfr4 libmysqlclient18 libpython-stdlib
  libpython2.7-minimal libpython2.7-stdlib libquadmath0 libroken18-heimdal
  librtmp0 libsasl2-2 libsasl2-modules libsasl2-modules-db libstdc++-4.8-dev
  libtimedate-perl libtsan0 libwind0-heimdal libx11-6 libx11-data libxau6
  libxcb1 libxdmcp6 libxext6 libxml2 libxmuu1 linux-libc-dev lsof make
  manpages manpages-dev mysql-common openssh-client openssl patch php5-cli
  php5-common php5-json php5-readline psmisc python python-chardet
  python-chardet-whl python-colorama python-colorama-whl python-distlib
  python-distlib-whl python-html5lib python-html5lib-whl python-minimal
  python-pip-whl python-pkg-resources python-requests python-requests-whl
  python-setuptools python-setuptools-whl python-six python-six-whl
  python-urllib3 python-urllib3-whl python-wheel python2.7 python2.7-minimal
  python3-pkg-resources rsync sgml-base ssl-cert xauth xml-core xz-utils
Suggested packages:
  www-browser apache2-doc apache2-suexec-pristine apache2-suexec-custom ufw
  apache2-utils binutils-doc cpp-doc gcc-4.8-locales debian-keyring
  g++-multilib g++-4.8-multilib gcc-4.8-doc libstdc++6-4.8-dbg gcc-multilib
  autoconf automake1.9 libtool flex bison gdb gcc-doc gcc-4.8-multilib
  libgcc1-dbg libgomp1-dbg libitm1-dbg libatomic1-dbg libasan0-dbg
  libtsan0-dbg libquadmath0-dbg gettext-base git-daemon-run
  git-daemon-sysvinit git-doc git-el git-email git-gui gitk gitweb git-arch
  git-bzr git-cvs git-mediawiki git-svn php-pear glibc-doc krb5-doc krb5-user
  libmcrypt-dev mcrypt libsasl2-modules-otp libsasl2-modules-ldap
  libsasl2-modules-sql libsasl2-modules-gssapi-mit
  libsasl2-modules-gssapi-heimdal libstdc++-4.8-doc make-doc man-browser
  ssh-askpass libpam-ssh keychain monkeysphere ed diffutils-doc
  php5-user-cache python-doc python-tk python-genshi python-lxml
  python-distribute python-distribute-doc python2.7-doc binfmt-support
  python3-setuptools openssh-server sgml-base-doc openssl-blacklist debhelper
Recommended packages:
  ssh-client python-dev-all
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  apache2 apache2-bin apache2-data binutils build-essential ca-certificates
  cpp cpp-4.8 curl dpkg-dev fakeroot g++ g++-4.8 gcc gcc-4.8 git git-man
  krb5-locales libalgorithm-diff-perl libalgorithm-diff-xs-perl
  libalgorithm-merge-perl libapache2-mod-php5 libapr1 libaprutil1
  libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3 libaprutil1-ldap libasan0 libasn1-8-heimdal
  libatomic1 libc-dev-bin libc6-dev libcloog-isl4 libcurl3 libcurl3-gnutls
  libdpkg-perl libedit2 liberror-perl libfakeroot libfile-fcntllock-perl
  libgcc-4.8-dev libgmp10 libgomp1 libgssapi-krb5-2 libgssapi3-heimdal
  libhcrypto4-heimdal libheimbase1-heimdal libheimntlm0-heimdal
  libhx509-5-heimdal libidn11 libisl10 libitm1 libk5crypto3 libkeyutils1
  libkrb5-26-heimdal libkrb5-3 libkrb5support0 libldap-2.4-2 libmcrypt4
  libmpc3 libmpfr4 libmysqlclient18 libpython-stdlib libpython2.7-minimal
  libpython2.7-stdlib libquadmath0 libroken18-heimdal librtmp0 libsasl2-2
  libsasl2-modules libsasl2-modules-db libstdc++-4.8-dev libtimedate-perl
  libtsan0 libwind0-heimdal libx11-6 libx11-data libxau6 libxcb1 libxdmcp6
  libxext6 libxml2 libxmuu1 linux-libc-dev lsof make manpages manpages-dev
  mysql-common openssh-client openssl patch php5 php5-cli php5-common
  php5-json php5-mcrypt php5-mysql php5-readline psmisc python python-chardet
  python-chardet-whl python-colorama python-colorama-whl python-distlib
  python-distlib-whl python-html5lib python-html5lib-whl python-minimal
  python-pip python-pip-whl python-pkg-resources python-requests
  python-requests-whl python-setuptools python-setuptools-whl python-six
  python-six-whl python-urllib3 python-urllib3-whl python-wheel python2.7
  python2.7-minimal python3-pkg-resources rsync sgml-base ssl-cert xauth
  xml-core xz-utils
0 upgraded, 130 newly installed, 0 to remove and 4 not upgraded.
Need to get 61.9 MB of archives.
After this operation, 213 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Err http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates/main libroken18-heimdal amd64 1.6~git20131207+dfsg-1ubuntu1.1
  Could not resolve 'archive.ubuntu.com'
Err http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates/main libasn1-8-heimdal amd64 1.6~git20131207+dfsg-1ubuntu1.1
  Could not resolve 'archive.ubuntu.com'

.
.
.

Err http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security/main python2.7 amd64 2.7.6-8ubuntu0.2
  Could not resolve 'archive.ubuntu.com'
E: Failed to fetch http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/h/heimdal/libroken18-heimdal_1.6~git20131207+dfsg-1ubuntu1.1_amd64.deb  Could not resolve 'archive.ubuntu.com'

E: Failed to fetch http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/h/heimdal/libasn1-8-heimdal_1.6~git20131207+dfsg-1ubuntu1.1_amd64.deb  Could not resolve 'archive.ubuntu.com'

E: Failed to fetch http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/k/krb5/libkrb5support0_1.12+dfsg-2ubuntu5.2_amd64.deb  Could not resolve 'archive.ubuntu.com'

E: Failed to fetch http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/s/ssl-cert/ssl-cert_1.0.33_all.deb  Could not resolve 'archive.ubuntu.com'

E: Unable to fetch some archives, maybe run apt-get update or try with --fix-missing?
The command '/bin/sh -c apt-get install -y git curl apache2 php5 libapache2-mod-php5 php5-mcrypt php5-mysql python3.4 python-pip' returned a non-zero code: 100

阅读此答案后，我尝试添加该行RUN "sh" "-c""echo nameserver 8.8.8.8 >> /etc/resolv.conf"-这次的错误是：

...
...
Reading state information...
E: Unable to locate package php5-mcrypt
E: Unable to locate package python-pip
The command '/bin/sh -c apt-get install -y git curl apache2 php5 libapache2-mod-php5 php5-mcrypt php5-mysql python3.4 python-pip' returned a non-zero code: 100

我究竟做错了什么？我已经看到一些主张我应该尝试不同版本的Ubuntu的说法，但是切换到13.1并没有任何改变。

Answer 1

虽然T.
Arboreus的答案可能会解决'archive.ubuntu.com‘来解决问题，但我认为您遇到的最后一个错误是它不知道软件包php5-mcrypt和python- pip。不过，只有这两个软件包的简化的Dockerfile对我有用（使用Debian 8.4和Docker
1.11.0），但是我不确定是否可以，因为我的主机系统不同于您的主机系统。

FROM ubuntu:14.04

# Install dependencies
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y \
    php5-mcrypt \
    python-pip

但是，根据此答案，您应该考虑在使用Python3.x时安装python3-pip软件包而不是python-pip软件包。

此外，为了使php5-mcrypt包安装工作，你可能要添加宇宙库像它的显示在这里。我add- apt-repository在Ubuntu Docker映像中缺少命令时遇到了麻烦，因此我首先安装了该软件包software-properties-common以使该命令可用。

分裂的语句，并把apt-get update和apt-getinstall成一个RUN命令，还建议在这里。

哦，顺便说一句，实际上您不需要-y标记，apt-get update因为不需要自动确认任何内容。

FROM ubuntu:14.04

# Install dependencies
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y \
    software-properties-common
RUN add-apt-repository universe
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y \
    apache2 \
    curl \
    git \
    libapache2-mod-php5 \
    php5 \
    php5-mcrypt \
    php5-mysql \
    python3.4 \
    python3-pip

注意：使用的版本（例如Ubuntu）将来可能会过时。