如何从ctypes使用IFileOperation

Question

我想使用IFileOperation从python代码复制文件-

• 它比python更快
• 您会看到一个不错的对话框
• 不阻止Python

在Windows 10上，Python 3.8-

import ctypes

ctypes.windll.shell32.IFileOperation

似乎不存在。

如何使用来联系IFileOperation（不是不​​推荐使用的SHFileOperationAPI）ctypes？

Answer 1

该问题使用comtypes.GUID作为唯一（非标准）依赖项。

看一下comtypes本身，它是纯python并使用ctypes（用于CoCreateInstance和所有其他类型），并且可以找到加载和处理COM对象所需的windows函数的路径，特别是-

import ctypes
ctypes.oledll.ole32.CoCreateInstance()

需要明确地放置CLSID，如所提到的问题-

IID_IFileOperation  = '{947AAB5F-0A5C-4C13-B4D6-4BF7836FC9F8}'
CLSID_FileOperation = '{3AD05575-8857-4850-9277-11B85BDB8E09}'

总而言之，comtypes是一个小的纯python库，似乎足以完成此任务，如果您不想修改ctypes，粘贴GUID或不介意依赖项。

但是，正如comtypes本身所证明的那样，这在ctypes中是完全可实现的，但有可能需要手动添加GUID的警告-

from ctypes import *

BYTE, WORD, DWORD = c_byte, c_ushort, c_ulong

_StringFromCLSID = oledll.ole32.StringFromCLSID
_ProgIDFromCLSID = oledll.ole32.ProgIDFromCLSID
_CLSIDFromString = oledll.ole32.CLSIDFromString
_CLSIDFromProgID = oledll.ole32.CLSIDFromProgID
_CoCreateGuid    = oledll.ole32.CoCreateGuid

_CoTaskMemFree   = windll.ole32.CoTaskMemFree

class GUID(Structure):
    _fields_ = [("Data1", DWORD),
                ("Data2", WORD),
                ("Data3", WORD),
                ("Data4", BYTE * 8)]

    def __init__(self, name=None):
        if name is not None:
            _CLSIDFromString(unicode(name), byref(self))

    def __repr__(self):
        return u'GUID("%s")' % unicode(self)

    def __unicode__(self):
        p = c_wchar_p()
        _StringFromCLSID(byref(self), byref(p))
        result = p.value
        _CoTaskMemFree(p)
        return result
    __str__ = __unicode__

    def __cmp__(self, other):
        if isinstance(other, GUID):
            return cmp(bytes(self), bytes(other))
        return -1

    def __nonzero__(self):
        return self != GUID_null

    def __eq__(self, other):
        return isinstance(other, GUID) and \
               bytes(self) == bytes(other)

    def __hash__(self):
        # We make GUID instances hashable, although they are mutable.
        return hash(bytes(self))

    def copy(self):
        return GUID(unicode(self))

    def from_progid(cls, progid):
        """Get guid from progid, ...
        """
        if hasattr(progid, "_reg_clsid_"):
            progid = progid._reg_clsid_
        if isinstance(progid, cls):
            return progid
        elif isinstance(progid, basestring):
            if progid.startswith("{"):
                return cls(progid)
            inst = cls()
            _CLSIDFromProgID(unicode(progid), byref(inst))
            return inst
        else:
            raise TypeError("Cannot construct guid from %r" % progid)
    from_progid = classmethod(from_progid)

    def as_progid(self):
        "Convert a GUID into a progid"
        progid = c_wchar_p()
        _ProgIDFromCLSID(byref(self), byref(progid))
        result = progid.value
        _CoTaskMemFree(progid)
        return result

    def create_new(cls):
        "Create a brand new guid"
        guid = cls()
        _CoCreateGuid(byref(guid))
        return guid
    create_new = classmethod(create_new)