在Windows上运行Python以获取Node.js依赖项

Question

我正在进入Node.js代码库，该代码库要求我通过NPM（即jQuery）下载一些依赖项。

在尝试运行时npm install jquery，我不断出现此错误：

Your environment has been set up for using Node.js 0.8.21 (x64) and NPM

C:\Users\Matt Cashatt>npm install jquery
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/jquery
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/jquery
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/jsdom
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/xmlhttprequest
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/htmlparser/1.7.6
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/location/0.0.1
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/navigator
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/contextify
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/htmlparser/1.7.6
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/xmlhttprequest
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/location/0.0.1
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/navigator
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/jsdom
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/contextify
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/bindings
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/cssom
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/cssstyle
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/request
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/bindings

> contextify@0.1.4 install C:\Users\Matt Cashatt\node_modules\jquery\node_module
s\contextify
> node-gyp rebuild


C:\Users\Matt Cashatt\node_modules\jquery\node_modules\contextify>node "C:\Progr
am Files\nodejs\node_modules\npm\bin\node-gyp-bin\\..\..\node_modules\node-gyp\b
in\node-gyp.js" rebuild
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/cssstyle
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/cssom
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/request
gyp ERR! configure error
gyp ERR! stack Error: Can't find Python executable "python", you can set the PYT
HON env variable.
gyp ERR! stack     at failNoPython (C:\Program Files\nodejs\node_modules\npm\nod
e_modules\node-gyp\lib\configure.js:113:14)
gyp ERR! stack     at C:\Program Files\nodejs\node_modules\npm\node_modules\node
-gyp\lib\configure.js:82:11
gyp ERR! stack     at Object.oncomplete (fs.js:297:15)
gyp ERR! System Windows_NT 6.1.7601
gyp ERR! command "node" "C:\\Program Files\\nodejs\\node_modules\\npm\\node_modu
les\\node-gyp\\bin\\node-gyp.js" "rebuild"
gyp ERR! cwd C:\Users\Matt Cashatt\node_modules\jquery\node_modules\contextify
gyp ERR! node -v v0.8.21
gyp ERR! node-gyp -v v0.8.4
gyp ERR! not ok
npm ERR! error rolling back Error: ENOTEMPTY, rmdir 'C:\Users\Matt Cashatt\node_
modules\jquery\node_modules\jsdom\node_modules\request\tests'
npm ERR! error rolling back  jquery@1.8.3 { [Error: ENOTEMPTY, rmdir 'C:\Users\M
att Cashatt\node_modules\jquery\node_modules\jsdom\node_modules\request\tests']
npm ERR! error rolling back   errno: 53,
npm ERR! error rolling back   code: 'ENOTEMPTY',
npm ERR! error rolling back   path: 'C:\\Users\\Matt Cashatt\\node_modules\\jque
ry\\node_modules\\jsdom\\node_modules\\request\\tests' }
npm ERR! contextify@0.1.4 install: `node-gyp rebuild`
npm ERR! `cmd "/c" "node-gyp rebuild"` failed with 1
npm ERR!
npm ERR! Failed at the contextify@0.1.4 install script.
npm ERR! This is most likely a problem with the contextify package,
npm ERR! not with npm itself.
npm ERR! Tell the author that this fails on your system:
npm ERR!     node-gyp rebuild
npm ERR! You can get their info via:
npm ERR!     npm owner ls contextify
npm ERR! There is likely additional logging output above.

npm ERR! System Windows_NT 6.1.7601
npm ERR! command "C:\\Program Files\\nodejs\\\\node.exe" "C:\\Program Files\\nod
ejs\\node_modules\\npm\\bin\\npm-cli.js" "install" "jquery"
npm ERR! cwd C:\Users\Matt Cashatt
npm ERR! node -v v0.8.21
npm ERR! npm -v 1.2.11
npm ERR! code ELIFECYCLE
npm ERR! Error: ENOENT, lstat 'C:\Users\Matt Cashatt\node_modules\jquery\node_mo
dules\jsdom\node_modules\request\tests\test-pipes.js'
npm ERR! If you need help, you may report this log at:
npm ERR!     <http://github.com/isaacs/npm/issues>
npm ERR! or email it to:
npm ERR!     <[e-mail]>

npm ERR! System Windows_NT 6.1.7601
npm ERR! command "C:\\Program Files\\nodejs\\\\node.exe" "C:\\Program Files\\nod
ejs\\node_modules\\npm\\bin\\npm-cli.js" "install" "jquery"
npm ERR! cwd C:\Users\Matt Cashatt
npm ERR! node -v v0.8.21
npm ERR! npm -v 1.2.11
npm ERR! path C:\Users\Matt Cashatt\node_modules\jquery\node_modules\jsdom\node_
modules\request\tests\test-pipes.js
npm ERR! fstream_path C:\Users\Matt Cashatt\node_modules\jquery\node_modules\jsd
om\node_modules\request\tests\test-pipes.js
npm ERR! fstream_type File
npm ERR! fstream_class FileWriter
npm ERR! code ENOENT
npm ERR! errno 34
npm ERR! fstream_stack C:\Program Files\nodejs\node_modules\npm\node_modules\fst
ream\lib\writer.js:284:26
npm ERR! fstream_stack Object.oncomplete (fs.js:297:15)
npm ERR!
npm ERR! Additional logging details can be found in:
npm ERR!     C:\Users\Matt Cashatt\npm-debug.log
npm ERR! not ok code 0

C:\Users\Matt Cashatt>

看来失败是由于缺少Python安装造成的。好了，我已经安装了Python，设置了变量，然后重新启动，仍然是错误。

关于我所缺少的任何线索吗？

Answer 1

您的问题是您 没有 设置环境变量。

该错误清楚地表明：

gyp ERR! stack Error: Can't find Python executable "python", you can set the PYTHON env variable.

在评论中，您说您这样做：

set PYTHONPATH=%PYTHONPATH%;C:\My_python_lib

很好，但是没有设置PYTHON变量，而是设置了PYTHONPATH变量。

同时，仅使用set命令只会影响当前cmd会话。如果重新启动之后（如您所说的那样），最终将导致一个全新的cmd会话，其中未设置该变量。

有几种方法可以永久性地设置环境变量-
最简单的方法是在XP的系统控制面板中，当然在Vista中有所不同，在7中又有所不同，在8中又有所不同，但是您可以用Google搜索。

或者，只需set在npm命令前执行正确操作，而无需在两者之间重新引导。

您可以通过执行与配置脚本完全相同的操作来测试您是否正确完成了操作：在运行之前npm，请尝试运行%PYTHON%。如果做对了，您将获得一个Python解释器（您可以立即退出）。如果遇到错误，则说明您做得不对。

这有两个问题：

set PYTHON=%PYTHON%;D:\Python

首先，您将设置PYTHON为;D:\Python。多余的分号适用于以分号分隔的路径列表（例如PATHor）PYTHONPATH，但不适用于单个值（例如）PYTHON。同样，当您想向路径列表中添加其他路径而不是为单个值添加新值时，则需要在现有值上添加新值。因此，您只需要set PYTHON=D:\Python。

其次，D:\Python不是您的Python解释器的路径。就像D:\Python\Python.exe或D:\Python\bin\Python.exe。找到正确的路径，确保它可以独立工作（例如，键入D:\Python\bin\Python.exe并确保您拥有Python解释器），然后设置变量并使用它。

所以：

set PYTHON=D:\Python\bin\Python.exe

或者，如果要使其永久不变，请在“控制面板”中执行等效操作。