我可以有一个postgres plpgsql函数返回变量列记录吗？

Question

我想创建一个postgres函数，该函数构建它动态返回的列集；简而言之，它应该包含一个键列表，每个键建立一个列，并返回包含该列集的记录。简单来说，这是代码：

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION reports.get_activities_for_report() RETURNS int[] AS $F$
BEGIN
    RETURN ARRAY(SELECT activity_id FROM public.activity WHERE activity_id NOT IN (1, 2));
END;
$F$
LANGUAGE plpgsql
STABLE;

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION reports.get_amount_of_time_query(format TEXT, _activity_id INTEGER) RETURNS TEXT AS $F$
DECLARE
    _label TEXT;
BEGIN
    SELECT label INTO _label FROM public.activity WHERE activity_id = _activity_id;
    IF _label IS NOT NULL THEN
        IF lower(format) = 'percentage' THEN
            RETURN $$TO_CHAR(100.0 *$$ ||
            $$ (SUM(CASE WHEN activity_id = $$ || _activity_id || $$ THEN EXTRACT(EPOCH FROM ended - started) END) /$$ ||
            $$ SUM(EXTRACT(EPOCH FROM ended - started))),$$ ||
            $$ '990.99 %') AS $$ || quote_ident(_label);
        ELSE
            RETURN $$SUM(CASE WHEN activity_id = $$ || _activity_id || $$ THEN ended - started END)$$ ||
            $$ AS $$ || quote_ident(_label);
        END IF;
    END IF;
END;
$F$
LANGUAGE plpgsql
STABLE;

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION reports.build_activity_query(format TEXT, activities int[]) RETURNS TEXT AS $F$
DECLARE
    _activity_id INT;
    query TEXT;
    _activity_count INT;
BEGIN
    _activity_count := array_upper(activities, 1);
    query := $$SELECT agent_id, portal_user_id, SUM(ended - started) AS total$$;
    FOR i IN 1.._activity_count LOOP
        _activity_id := activities[i];

        query := query || ', ' || reports.get_amount_of_time_query(format, _activity_id);
    END LOOP;
    query := query || $$ FROM public.activity_log_final$$ ||
    $$ LEFT JOIN agent USING (agent_id)$$ ||
    $$ WHERE started::DATE BETWEEN actual_start_date AND actual_end_date$$ ||
    $$ GROUP BY agent_id, portal_user_id$$ ||
    $$ ORDER BY agent_id$$;
    RETURN query;
END;
$F$
LANGUAGE plpgsql
STABLE;

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION reports.get_agent_activity_breakdown(format TEXT, start_date DATE, end_date DATE) RETURNS SETOF RECORD AS $F$
DECLARE
    actual_end_date DATE;
    actual_start_date DATE;
    query TEXT;
    _rec RECORD;
BEGIN
    actual_start_date := COALESCE(start_date, '1970-01-01'::DATE);
    actual_end_date := COALESCE(end_date, now()::DATE);
    query := reports.build_activity_query(format, reports.get_activities_for_report());

    FOR _rec IN EXECUTE query LOOP
        RETURN NEXT _rec;
    END LOOP;
END
$F$
LANGUAGE plpgsql;

这将生成看起来（大致）如下的查询：

SELECT agent_id, 
    portal_user_id, 
    SUM(ended - started) AS total, 
    SUM(CASE WHEN activity_id = 3 THEN ended - started END) AS "Label 1"
    SUM(CASE WHEN activity_id = 4 THEN ended - started END) AS "Label 2"
FROM public.activity_log_final 
    LEFT JOIN agent USING (agent_id) 
WHERE started::DATE BETWEEN actual_start_date AND actual_end_date 
GROUP BY agent_id, portal_user_id 
ORDER BY agent_id

当我尝试调用该get_agent_activity_breakdown()函数时，出现以下错误：

psql:2009-10-22_agent_activity_report_test.sql:179: ERROR:  a column definition list is required for functions returning "record"
CONTEXT:  SQL statement "SELECT * FROM reports.get_agent_activity_breakdown('percentage', NULL, NULL)"
PL/pgSQL function "test_agent_activity" line 92 at SQL statement

当然，诀窍在于，标记为“标签1”和“标签2”的列取决于活动表内容中定义的活动集，我在调用该函数时无法预测这些活动。如何创建访问此信息的功能？

Answer 1

Simon和Kev的​​答案都是很好的答案，但是我最后要做的是将对数据库的调用分为两个查询：

1. 使用我包含在问题中的查询构造函数方法来构建查询，然后将其返回给应用程序。
2. 直接调用查询，并返回该数据。

就我而言，这是安全的，因为动态列列表不会频繁更改，因此我不必担心查询的目标数据在这些调用之间会发生变化。但是，否则，我的方法可能不起作用。