下载适用于Python 3的progressbar

Question

在Python
3的文件下载过程中，我需要显示一个进度。我已经看到了一些关于主题，但是考虑到我对编程不熟悉，没有人张贴完整的示例，只是其中的一部分，或者是我可以使Python
3上的工作对我没有好处…

附加信息：

好的，所以我有这个：

from urllib.request import urlopen
import configparser
#checks for files which need to be downloaded
print('    Downloading...')
file = urlopen(file_url)
#progress bar here
output = open('downloaded_file.py','wb')
output.write(file.read())
output.close()
os.system('downloaded_file.py')

脚本通过python命令行运行

Answer 1

有urlretrieve()将URL下载到文件并允许指定reporthook回调来报告进度的方法：

#!/usr/bin/env python3
import sys
from urllib.request import urlretrieve

def reporthook(blocknum, blocksize, totalsize):
    readsofar = blocknum * blocksize
    if totalsize > 0:
        percent = readsofar * 1e2 / totalsize
        s = "\r%5.1f%% %*d / %d" % (
            percent, len(str(totalsize)), readsofar, totalsize)
        sys.stderr.write(s)
        if readsofar >= totalsize: # near the end
            sys.stderr.write("\n")
    else: # total size is unknown
        sys.stderr.write("read %d\n" % (readsofar,))

urlretrieve(url, 'downloaded_file.py', reporthook)

这是一个GUI进度栏：

import sys
from threading import Event, Thread
from tkinter import Tk, ttk
from urllib.request import urlretrieve

def download(url, filename):
    root = progressbar = quit_id = None
    ready = Event()
    def reporthook(blocknum, blocksize, totalsize):
        nonlocal quit_id
        if blocknum == 0: # started downloading
            def guiloop():
                nonlocal root, progressbar
                root = Tk()
                root.withdraw() # hide
                progressbar = ttk.Progressbar(root, length=400)
                progressbar.grid()
                # show progress bar if the download takes more than .5 seconds
                root.after(500, root.deiconify)
                ready.set() # gui is ready
                root.mainloop()
            Thread(target=guiloop).start()
        ready.wait(1) # wait until gui is ready
        percent = blocknum * blocksize * 1e2 / totalsize # assume totalsize > 0
        if quit_id is None:
            root.title('%%%.0f %s' % (percent, filename,))
            progressbar['value'] = percent # report progress
            if percent >= 100:  # finishing download
                quit_id = root.after(0, root.destroy) # close GUI

    return urlretrieve(url, filename, reporthook)

download(url, 'downloaded_file.py')

在Python
3.3上urlretrieve()具有不同的reporthook接口（请参阅问题16409）。要解决此问题，您可以通过访问以下界面FancyURLopener：

from urllib.request import FancyURLopener
urlretrieve = FancyURLopener().retrieve

要在同一线程中更新进度条，可以内联urlretrieve()代码：

from tkinter import Tk, ttk
from urllib.request import urlopen

def download2(url, filename):
    response = urlopen(url)
    totalsize = int(response.headers['Content-Length']) # assume correct header
    outputfile = open(filename, 'wb')

    def download_chunk(readsofar=0, chunksize=1 << 13):
        # report progress
        percent = readsofar * 1e2 / totalsize # assume totalsize > 0
        root.title('%%%.0f %s' % (percent, filename,))
        progressbar['value'] = percent

        # download chunk
        data = response.read(chunksize)
        if not data: # finished downloading
            outputfile.close()
            root.destroy() # close GUI
        else:
            outputfile.write(data) # save to filename
            # schedule to download the next chunk
            root.after(0, download_chunk, readsofar + len(data), chunksize)

    # setup GUI to show progress
    root = Tk()
    root.withdraw() # hide
    progressbar = ttk.Progressbar(root, length=400)
    progressbar.grid()
    # show progress bar if the download takes more than .5 seconds
    root.after(500, root.deiconify)
    root.after(0, download_chunk)
    root.mainloop()

download2(url, 'downloaded_file.py')