SQL Server-PIVOT-两列成行

Question

我在一个专栏中看到了很多关于PIVOT的问题，每个问题都比其他问题复杂，但是，找不到所需的东西。

老实说，在这种情况下，我什至不知道枢轴是否对我有帮助。

假设我的源表中有以下数据：

SELECT '1' as 'RowId', 'RandomName1' as 'First', 'RandomLast1' as 'Last'
UNION
SELECT '2' as 'RowId', 'RandomName2' as 'First', 'RandomLast2' as 'Last'
UNION
SELECT '3' as 'RowId', 'RandomName3' as 'First', 'RandomLast3' as 'Last'
UNION
SELECT '4' as 'RowId', 'RandomName4' as 'First', 'RandomLast4' as 'Last'
UNION
SELECT '5' as 'RowId', 'RandomName5' as 'First', 'RandomLast5' as 'Last'

最多5行，包含名字和姓氏。第一和最后一列的值将是随机的。

RowId First       Last
----- ----------- -----------
1     RandomName1 RandomLast1
2     RandomName2 RandomLast2
3     RandomName3 RandomLast3
4     RandomName4 RandomLast4
5     RandomName5 RandomLast5

我试图将这些数据转换为如下形式：

First1      Last1       First2      Last2       First3      Last3       First4      Last4       First5      Last5
----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
RandomName1 RandomLast1 RandomName2 RandomLast2 RandomName3 RandomLast3 RandomName4 RandomLast4 RandomName5 RandomLast5

例如：如果列First5和Last5为NULL，因为只有4行，我没有任何问题。

First1      Last1       First2      Last2       First3      Last3       First4      Last4       First5      Last5
----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
RandomName1 RandomLast1 RandomName2 RandomLast2 RandomName3 RandomLast3 RandomName4 RandomLast4 NULL        NULL

任何人都可以给我一点帮助吗？谢谢。

基于Sheela KR的解决方案可以回答：

SELECT 
    MAX(First1) as 'First1',  MAX(Last1) as 'Last1',
    MAX(First2) as 'First2',  MAX(Last2) as 'Last2',
    MAX(First3) as 'First3',  MAX(Last3) as 'Last3',
    MAX(First4) as 'First4',  MAX(Last4) as 'Last4',
    MAX(First5) as 'First5',  MAX(Last5) as 'Last5'
FROM
(
    SELECT 
        CASE WHEN RowId = 1 THEN [First] END as 'First1',
        CASE WHEN RowId = 1 THEN [Last] END as 'Last1',
        CASE WHEN RowId = 2 THEN [First] END as 'First2',
        CASE WHEN RowId = 2 THEN [Last] END as 'Last2',
        CASE WHEN RowId = 3 THEN [First] END as 'First3',
        CASE WHEN RowId = 3 THEN [Last] END as 'Last3',
        CASE WHEN RowId = 4 THEN [First] END as 'First4',
        CASE WHEN RowId = 4 THEN [Last] END as 'Last4',
        CASE WHEN RowId = 5 THEN [First] END as 'First5',
        CASE WHEN RowId = 5 THEN [Last] END as 'Last5'
    FROM
    (
        SELECT '1' as 'RowId', 'RandomName1' as 'First', 'RandomLast1' as 'Last'
        UNION SELECT '2' as 'RowId', 'RandomName2' as 'First', 'RandomLast2' as 'Last'
        UNION SELECT '3' as 'RowId', 'RandomName3' as 'First', 'RandomLast3' as 'Last'
        UNION SELECT '4' as 'RowId', 'RandomName4' as 'First', 'RandomLast4' as 'Last'
        --UNION SELECT '5' as 'RowId', 'RandomName5' as 'First', 'RandomLast5' as 'Last'
    ) test
) test2

Answer 1

您可以通过几种不同的方法来获得所需的结果。类似于@Sheela K
R的
答案，您可以将聚合函数与CASE表达式一起使用，但是可以用更简洁的方式编写它：

select 
  max(case when rowid = 1 then first end) First1,
  max(case when rowid = 1 then last end) Last1,
  max(case when rowid = 2 then first end) First2,
  max(case when rowid = 2 then last end) Last2,
  max(case when rowid = 3 then first end) First3,
  max(case when rowid = 3 then last end) Last3,
  max(case when rowid = 4 then first end) First4,
  max(case when rowid = 4 then last end) Last4,
  max(case when rowid = 5 then first end) First5,
  max(case when rowid = 5 then last end) Last5
from yourtable;

请参阅带有演示的SQL Fiddle。

这也可以使用PIVOThtml" target="_blank">函数编写，但是，由于要旋转多个列，则首先要查看不旋转First和Last列。

取消透视处理会将您的多列转换为多行数据。您没有指定要使用的SQL Server版本，但可以将SELECTwithUNION ALL与withCROSS APPLY甚至使用该UNPIVOT函数一起执行第一次转换：

select col = col + cast(rowid as varchar(10)), value
from yourtable
cross apply 
(
  select 'First', First union all
  select 'Last', Last
) c (col, value)

请参阅带有演示的SQL Fiddle。这会将您的数据转换为以下格式：

|    COL |       VALUE |
|--------|-------------|
| First1 | RandomName1 |
|  Last1 | RandomLast1 |
| First2 | RandomName2 |
|  Last2 | RandomLast2 |

一旦数据位于多行中，就可以轻松应用PIVOT函数：

select First1, Last1, 
  First2, Last2,
  First3, Last3, 
  First4, Last4, 
  First5, Last5
from
(
  select col = col + cast(rowid as varchar(10)), value
  from yourtable
  cross apply 
  (
    select 'First', First union all
    select 'Last', Last
  ) c (col, value)
) d
pivot
(
  max(value)
  for col in (First1, Last1, First2, Last2,
              First3, Last3, First4, Last4, First5, Last5)
) piv;

参见带有演示的SQL Fiddle

两者都给出以下结果：

|      FIRST1 |       LAST1 |      FIRST2 |       LAST2 |      FIRST3 |       LAST3 |      FIRST4 |       LAST4 |      FIRST5 |       LAST5 |
|-------------|-------------|-------------|-------------|-------------|-------------|-------------|-------------|-------------|-------------|
| RandomName1 | RandomLast1 | RandomName2 | RandomLast2 | RandomName3 | RandomLast3 | RandomName4 | RandomLast4 | RandomName5 | RandomLast5 |