Ubuntu20.04设置时区+failed to set time zone: Invalid or not installed time zone ‘Asis/shanghai‘报错解决办法

Ubuntu20.04设置时区+failed to set time zone: Invalid or not installed time zone 'Asis/shanghai’报错解决办法

一、配置时间和时区

1.使用“timedatectl status”命令查看服务器时间信息，根据Local time可发现时间也是错的。

master2@master2:~$ date
Thu Apr  7 12:41:38 UTC 2022
master2@master2:~$ timedatectl status 
               Local time: Thu 2022-04-07 12:41:43 UTC     ##本地時間
           Universal time: Thu 2022-04-07 12:41:43 UTC     ##世界時間
                 RTC time: Thu 2022-04-07 12:41:44         ##服務器硬件時間
                Time zone: Etc/UTC (UTC, +0000)       
System clock synchronized: yes                        
              NTP service: active                     
          RTC in local TZ: no                         
master2@master2:~$ 

这里使用" timedatectl list-timezones"查看可用的時區列表

master2@master2:~$ timedatectl list-timezones

使用"sudo timedatectl set-timezone Asia/Shanghai"命令配置时区，输入密码，配置成功。

master2@master2:~$ sudo timedatectl set-timezone Asia/Shanghai
[sudo] password for master2: 
master2@master2:~$ date
Thu Apr  7 21:08:53 CST 2022
master2@master2:~$  timedatectl status
               Local time: Thu 2022-04-07 21:09:08 CST
           Universal time: Thu 2022-04-07 13:09:08 UTC
                 RTC time: Thu 2022-04-07 13:09:09    
                Time zone: Asia/Shanghai (CST, +0800) 
System clock synchronized: yes                        
              NTP service: active                     
          RTC in local TZ: no                         
master2@master2:~$ 

二、Failed to set time zone: Invalid or not installed time zone 'Asia/shanghai’解决方案
如下所示，报错说"设置时区失败：时区“亚洲/上海”无效或未安装"，

所以我们首先检查 时区本身是否存在，或有拼写错误。

master2@master2:~$ sudo timedatectl set-timezone Asia/shanghai
[sudo] password for master2: 
Failed to set time zone: Invalid or not installed time zone 'Asia/shanghai'

如果排除了时区本身的问题，且排查其他因素较为复杂，我们这里使用"tzselect"这个工具跟随向导一步一步设置时区。

root@worker1:~# timedatectl status 
               Local time: Thu 2022-04-07 13:56:41 UTC
           Universal time: Thu 2022-04-07 13:56:41 UTC
                 RTC time: Thu 2022-04-07 13:56:42    
                Time zone: Etc/UTC (UTC, +0000)       
System clock synchronized: yes                        
              NTP service: active                     
          RTC in local TZ: no                         
root@worker1:~# tzselect 
Please identify a location so that time zone rules can be set correctly.
Please select a continent, ocean, "coord", or "TZ".
1) Africa							     5) Atlantic Ocean							 9) Pacific Ocean
2) Americas							     6) Australia							10) coord - I want to use geographical coordinates.
3) Antarctica							     7) Europe								11) TZ - I want to specify the timezone using the Posix TZ format.
4) Asia								     8) Indian Ocean
#? 4
Please select a country whose clocks agree with yours.
1) Afghanistan		   9) Cambodia		    17) Iran		      25) Kuwait		33) Nepal		  41) Singapore		    49) Uzbekistan
2) Antarctica		  10) China		    18) Iraq		      26) Kyrgyzstan		34) Oman		  42) Sri Lanka		    50) Vietnam
3) Armenia		  11) Cyprus		    19) Israel		      27) Laos			35) Pakistan		  43) Syria		    51) Yemen
4) Azerbaijan		  12) East Timor	    20) Japan		      28) Lebanon		36) Palestine		  44) Taiwan
5) Bahrain		  13) Georgia		    21) Jordan		      29) Macau			37) Philippines		  45) Tajikistan
6) Bangladesh		  14) Hong Kong		    22) Kazakhstan	      30) Malaysia		38) Qatar		  46) Thailand
7) Bhutan		  15) India		    23) Korea (North)	      31) Mongolia		39) Russia		  47) Turkmenistan
8) Brunei		  16) Indonesia		    24) Korea (South)	      32) Myanmar (Burma)	40) Saudi Arabia	  48) United Arab Emirates
#? 10
Please select one of the following timezones.
1) Beijing Time
2) Xinjiang Time
#? 1

The following information has been given:

	China
	Beijing Time

Therefore TZ='Asia/Shanghai' will be used.
Selected time is now:	Thu Apr  7 21:57:13 CST 2022.
Universal Time is now:	Thu Apr  7 13:57:13 UTC 2022.
Is the above information OK?
1) Yes
2) No
#? 1

You can make this change permanent for yourself by appending the line
	TZ='Asia/Shanghai'; export TZ
to the file '.profile' in your home directory; then log out and log in again.

Here is that TZ value again, this time on standard output so that you
can use the /usr/bin/tzselect command in shell scripts:
Asia/Shanghai
root@worker1:~# date
Thu 07 Apr 2022 09:57:18 PM CST

跟随"tzselect"工具向导配置完成后，还需修改"/etc/profile"配置文件，在配置文件末尾增加 “TZ=‘Asia/Shanghai’; export TZ”

 /etc/profile: system-wide .profile file for the Bourne shell (sh(1))
# and Bourne compatible shells (bash(1), ksh(1), ash(1), ...).

if [ "${PS1-}" ]; then
  if [ "${BASH-}" ] && [ "$BASH" != "/bin/sh" ]; then
    # The file bash.bashrc already sets the default PS1.
    # PS1='\h:\w\$ '
    if [ -f /etc/bash.bashrc ]; then
      . /etc/bash.bashrc
    fi
  else
    if [ "`id -u`" -eq 0 ]; then
      PS1='# '
    else
      PS1='$ '
    fi
  fi
fi

if [ -d /etc/profile.d ]; then
  for i in /etc/profile.d/*.sh; do
    if [ -r $i ]; then
      . $i
    fi
  done
  unset i
fi
TZ='Asia/Shanghai'; export TZ      ##在配置文件末尾增加 “TZ='Asia/Shanghai'; export TZ”                

使文件生效，然后注销或者重启服务器。

root@worker1:~# source /etc/profile

后检查时区和时间,时间OK。

root@worker1:~# date
Thu 07 Apr 2022 09:59:24 PM CST