golang testing的基本使用
韦高阳
测试功能
如果你实现一个方法 or 函数，就应该使用test程序验证功能是否正确。比如这样：
add.go
func Add(a int, b int) int {
return a+b
}
func AddThree(a int, b int, c int) int {
return a+b+c
}
有了简单的函数就可以编写测试用例
测试文件要以add_test.go形式来命名， 测试方法以Test开头
func TestAdd(t *testing.T) {
got := Add(1+2)
if got != 3 {
t.Errorf("Add(1+2) = %d\n", got)
}
}
func TestAddThree(t *testing.T) {
got := AddThree(1+2+3)
if got != 6 {
t.Errorf("AddThree(1+2+3) = %d\n", got)
}
}
最后就是执行测试了, test 命令后面要跟所有测试相关的文件，如果仅仅是测试文件会报错，如果仅仅是当前目录下的测试文件也可以用点号代替，比如 go test -v .
go test -v add_test.go add.go
=== RUN TestAdd
--- PASS: TestAdd (0.00s)
=== RUN TestAddThree
--- PASS: TestAddThree (0.00s)
PASS
ok go.programming/testing/add (cached)
指定测试用例, -run 后面的参数是正则表达式
go test -v -run TestAddT add_test.go add.go
=== RUN TestAddThree
--- PASS: TestAddThree (0.00s)
PASS
ok go.programming/testing/add 0.250s
基准测试
基准测试需要单独编写函数
func Benchmark_Add(b *testing.B) {
var n int
for i:=0; i<b.N; i++ {
add(n+i)
}
}
运行基准测试
go test -v -bench=. add_test.go add.go
=== RUN TestAdd
--- PASS: TestAdd (0.00s)
=== RUN TestAddThree
--- PASS: TestAddThree (0.00s)
goos: darwin
goarch: amd64
cpu: Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-8259U CPU @ 2.30GHz
BenchmarkAdd
BenchmarkAdd-8 1000000000 0.2700 ns/op
BenchmarkLoopAdd
BenchmarkLoopAdd-8 1000000000 0.2356 ns/op
PASS
ok command-line-arguments 3.612s
内存分配测试
在命令行中添加-benchmem参数以显示内存分配情况, benchmem要和bench一起使用
go test -v -bench=. -benchmem add_test.go add.go
=== RUN TestAdd
--- PASS: TestAdd (0.00s)
=== RUN TestAddThree
--- PASS: TestAddThree (0.00s)
goos: darwin
goarch: amd64
cpu: Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-8259U CPU @ 2.30GHz
BenchmarkAdd
BenchmarkAdd-8 1000000000 0.2698 ns/op 0 B/op 0 allocs/op
BenchmarkLoopAdd
BenchmarkLoopAdd-8 1000000000 0.2321 ns/op 0 B/op 0 allocs/op
PASS
ok command-line-arguments 1.214s
并发测试
func TestLoopAdd(t *testing.T) {
testCases := []struct {
A int
B int
C int
}{
{
A: 1,
B: 2,
C: 3,
},
{
A: 2,
B: 3,
C: 5,
},
{
A: 3,
B: 4,
C: 7,
},
}
for _, tc := range testCases {
tc := tc
t.Run(fmt.Sprintf("%d-%d", tc.A, tc.B), func(t *testing.T) {
t.Parallel()
if Add(tc.A, tc.B) != tc.C {
t.Errorf("%d-%d != %d", tc.A, tc.B, tc.C)
}
})
}
}
执行并发测试
go test -v -bench .
=== RUN TestAdd
--- PASS: TestAdd (0.00s)
=== RUN TestAddThree
--- PASS: TestAddThree (0.00s)
=== RUN TestLoopAdd
=== RUN TestLoopAdd/1-2
=== PAUSE TestLoopAdd/1-2
=== RUN TestLoopAdd/2-3
=== PAUSE TestLoopAdd/2-3
=== RUN TestLoopAdd/3-4
=== PAUSE TestLoopAdd/3-4
=== CONT TestLoopAdd/1-2
=== CONT TestLoopAdd/3-4
=== CONT TestLoopAdd/2-3
--- PASS: TestLoopAdd (0.00s)
--- PASS: TestLoopAdd/1-2 (0.00s)
--- PASS: TestLoopAdd/3-4 (0.00s)
--- PASS: TestLoopAdd/2-3 (0.00s)
goos: darwin
goarch: amd64
pkg: go.programming/testing/add
cpu: Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-8259U CPU @ 2.30GHz
BenchmarkAdd
BenchmarkAdd-8 1000000000 0.2794 ns/op
PASS
ok go.programming/testing/add 0.717s
代码地址：
https://github.com/zyong/go.programming/tree/main/testing/add
参考
类似资料：