Java命令行选项解析之Commons-CLI & Args4J & JCommander

熟悉Linux命令的都知道几乎所有程序都会提供一些命令行选项。而命令行选项有两种风格：以“-”开头的单个字符的POSIX风格；以“--”后接选项关键字的GNU风格。

假定我们的程序需要以下选项：
[quote]Options:
-t,--text use given information(String)
-b display current time(boolean)
-s,--size use given size(Integer)
-f,--file use given file(File)
-D <property=value> use value for given property(property=value)[/quote]

(1)[url=http://commons.apache.org/proper/commons-cli/]Apache的Commons-CLI[/url]
版本：commons-cli-1.2.jar

支持三种CLI选项解析：
[list][*]BasicParser：直接返回参数数组值
[*]PosixParser：解析参数及值(-s10)
[*]GnuParser：解析参数及值(--size=10)[/list]
对于动态参数：
-Dkey=value

需要代码设置参数，返回类型需要转换。

args = new String[]{"-t", "rensanning", "-f", "c:/aa.txt", "-b", "-s10", "-Dkey1=value1", "-Dkey2=value2" };

try {
	// create Options object
	Options options = new Options();
	options.addOption(new Option("t", "text", true, "use given information(String)"));
	options.addOption(new Option("b", false, "display current time(boolean)"));
	options.addOption(new Option("s", "size", true, "use given size(Integer)"));
	options.addOption(new Option("f", "file", true, "use given file(File)"));

	@SuppressWarnings("static-access")
	Option property = OptionBuilder.withArgName("property=value")
			.hasArgs(2)
			.withValueSeparator()
			.withDescription("use value for given property(property=value)")
			.create("D");
	property.setRequired(true);
	options.addOption(property);

	// print usage
	HelpFormatter formatter = new HelpFormatter();
	formatter.printHelp( "AntOptsCommonsCLI", options );
	System.out.println();

	// create the command line parser
	CommandLineParser parser = new PosixParser();
	CommandLine cmd = parser.parse(options, args);

	// check the options have been set correctly
	System.out.println(cmd.getOptionValue("t"));
	System.out.println(cmd.getOptionValue("f"));
	if (cmd.hasOption("b")) {
		System.out.println(new Date());
	}
	System.out.println(cmd.getOptionValue( "s" ));
	System.out.println(cmd.getOptionProperties("D").getProperty("key1") );
	System.out.println(cmd.getOptionProperties("D").getProperty("key2") );

} catch (Exception ex) {
	System.out.println( "Unexpected exception:" + ex.getMessage() );
}

(2)[url=https://github.com/kohsuke/args4j]Args4J[/url]
版本：args4j-2.0.29.jar

基于注解。

args = new String[] {"-t", "rensanning", "-f", "c:/aa.txt", "-b", "-s", "10", "-D", "key1=value1" , "-D", "key2=value2"};

try {
	Args4jOptions options = new Args4jOptions();
	CmdLineParser parser = new CmdLineParser(options);

	// print usage
	parser.printUsage(System.out);
	System.out.println();

	parser.parseArgument(args);

	// check the options have been set correctly
	System.out.println(options.getText());	
	System.out.println(options.getFile().getName());		
	if(options.isBol()) {
		System.out.println(new Date());
	}			
	System.out.println(options.getSize());
	System.out.println(options.getProperties().get("key1"));
	System.out.println(options.getProperties().get("key2"));

} catch (Exception ex) {
	System.out.println("Unexpected exception:" + ex.getMessage());
}

@Option(name = "-t", aliases = "-text", usage = "use given information(String)")
private String text;
@Option(name = "-b", usage = "display current time(boolean)")
private boolean bol = false;
@Option(name = "-s", aliases = "-size", usage = "use given size(Integer)")
private int size = 0;
@Option(name = "-f", aliases = { "-file" }, metaVar = "<file>", usage = "use given file(File)")
private File file;

private Map<String, String> properties = new HashMap<String, String>();
@Option(name = "-D", metaVar = "<property>=<value>", usage = "use value for given property(property=value)")
public void setProperty(final String property) {
	String[] arr = property.split("=");
	properties.put(arr[0], arr[1]);
}

(3)[url=https://github.com/cbeust/jcommander]JCommander[/url]
版本：jcommander-1.45.jar

基于注解、TestNG作者开发。

args = new String[] {"-t", "rensanning", "-f", "c:/aa.txt", "-b", "-s", "10", "-D", "key1=value1" , "-D", "key2=value2"};

try {
	JCmdrOptions options = new JCmdrOptions();
	JCommander jcmdr = new JCommander(options, args);

	// print usage
	jcmdr.setProgramName("AntOptsCommonsCLI");
	jcmdr.usage();

	// check the options have been set correctly
	System.out.println(options.getText());	
	System.out.println(options.getFile().getName());		
	if(options.isBol()) {
		System.out.println(new Date());
	}			
	System.out.println(options.getSize());
	System.out.println(options.getDynamicParams().get("key1"));
	System.out.println(options.getDynamicParams().get("key2"));

} catch (Exception ex) {
	System.out.println("Unexpected exception:" + ex.getMessage());
}

@Parameter(names = { "-t", "-text" }, description = "use given information(String)")
private String text;
@Parameter(names = { "-b" }, description = "display current time(boolean)")
private boolean bol = false;
@Parameter(names = { "-s", "-size" }, description = "use given size(Integer)")
private int size = 0;
@Parameter(names = { "-f", "-file" }, description = "use given file(File)")
private File file;
@DynamicParameter(names = "-D", description = "use value for given property(property=value)")
public Map<String, String> dynamicParams = new HashMap<String, String>();