升级ruby的版本
郭弘盛
升级ruby版本，有时候安装ruby的版本过低，需要进行升级，例如安装在centos6.7安装fpm需要ruby版本在1.9以上。
1、主机环境如下：
1 [root@test ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release 2 CentOS release 6.7 (Final) 3 [root@test ~]# uname -r 4 2.6.32-573.el6.x86_64
2、使用yum安装ruby
1 [root@web ~]# yum install rubygems ruby-devel 2 Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, security 3 Setting up Install Process 4 base | 3.7 kB 00:00 5 base/primary_db | 4.7 MB 00:02 6 extras | 3.4 kB 00:00 7 extras/primary_db | 30 kB 00:00 8 updates | 3.4 kB 00:00 9 updates/primary_db | 8.1 MB 00:01 10 Resolving Dependencies 11 --> Running transaction check 12 ---> Package ruby-devel.x86_64 0:1.8.7.374-5.el6 will be installed 13 --> Processing Dependency: ruby-libs = 1.8.7.374-5.el6 for package: ruby-devel-1.8.7.374-5.el6.x86_64 14 --> Processing Dependency: libruby.so.1.8()(64bit) for package: ruby-devel-1.8.7.374-5.el6.x86_64 15 ---> Package rubygems.noarch 0:1.3.7-5.el6 will be installed 16 --> Processing Dependency: ruby-rdoc for package: rubygems-1.3.7-5.el6.noarch 17 --> Processing Dependency: /usr/bin/ruby for package: rubygems-1.3.7-5.el6.noarch 18 --> Running transaction check 19 ---> Package ruby.x86_64 0:1.8.7.374-5.el6 will be installed 20 ---> Package ruby-libs.x86_64 0:1.8.7.374-5.el6 will be installed 21 ---> Package ruby-rdoc.x86_64 0:1.8.7.374-5.el6 will be installed 22 --> Processing Dependency: ruby-irb = 1.8.7.374-5.el6 for package: ruby-rdoc-1.8.7.374-5.el6.x86_64 23 --> Running transaction check 24 ---> Package ruby-irb.x86_64 0:1.8.7.374-5.el6 will be installed 25 --> Finished Dependency Resolution 26 27 Dependencies Resolved 28 29 ============================================================================================================================== 30 Package Arch Version Repository Size 31 ============================================================================================================================== 32 Installing: 33 ruby-devel x86_64 1.8.7.374-5.el6 base 318 k 34 rubygems noarch 1.3.7-5.el6 base 207 k 35 Installing for dependencies: 36 ruby x86_64 1.8.7.374-5.el6 base 538 k 37 ruby-irb x86_64 1.8.7.374-5.el6 base 318 k 38 ruby-libs x86_64 1.8.7.374-5.el6 base 1.7 M 39 ruby-rdoc x86_64 1.8.7.374-5.el6 base 381 k 40 41 Transaction Summary 42 ============================================================================================================================== 43 Install 6 Package(s) 44 45 Total download size: 3.4 M 46 Installed size: 12 M 47 Is this ok [y/N]: y 48 Downloading Packages: 49 (1/6): ruby-1.8.7.374-5.el6.x86_64.rpm | 538 kB 00:00 50 (2/6): ruby-devel-1.8.7.374-5.el6.x86_64.rpm | 318 kB 00:00 51 (3/6): ruby-irb-1.8.7.374-5.el6.x86_64.rpm | 318 kB 00:00 52 (4/6): ruby-libs-1.8.7.374-5.el6.x86_64.rpm | 1.7 MB 00:01 53 (5/6): ruby-rdoc-1.8.7.374-5.el6.x86_64.rpm | 381 kB 00:00 54 (6/6): rubygems-1.3.7-5.el6.noarch.rpm | 207 kB 00:00 55 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 56 Total 502 kB/s | 3.4 MB 00:06 57 warning: rpmts_HdrFromFdno: Header V3 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY 58 Retrieving key from file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6 59 Importing GPG key 0xC105B9DE: 60 Userid : CentOS-6 Key (CentOS 6 Official Signing Key) <centos-6-key@centos.org> 61 Package: centos-release-6-7.el6.centos.12.3.x86_64 (@anaconda-CentOS-201508042137.x86_64/6.7) 62 From : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6 63 Is this ok [y/N]: y 64 Running rpm_check_debug 65 Running Transaction Test 66 Transaction Test Succeeded 67 Running Transaction 68 Installing : ruby-libs-1.8.7.374-5.el6.x86_64 1/6 69 Installing : ruby-1.8.7.374-5.el6.x86_64 2/6 70 Installing : ruby-irb-1.8.7.374-5.el6.x86_64 3/6 71 Installing : ruby-rdoc-1.8.7.374-5.el6.x86_64 4/6 72 Installing : rubygems-1.3.7-5.el6.noarch 5/6 73 Installing : ruby-devel-1.8.7.374-5.el6.x86_64 6/6 74 Verifying : ruby-rdoc-1.8.7.374-5.el6.x86_64 1/6 75 Verifying : ruby-1.8.7.374-5.el6.x86_64 2/6 76 Verifying : rubygems-1.3.7-5.el6.noarch 3/6 77 Verifying : ruby-libs-1.8.7.374-5.el6.x86_64 4/6 78 Verifying : ruby-irb-1.8.7.374-5.el6.x86_64 5/6 79 Verifying : ruby-devel-1.8.7.374-5.el6.x86_64 6/6 80 81 Installed: 82 ruby-devel.x86_64 0:1.8.7.374-5.el6 rubygems.noarch 0:1.3.7-5.el6 83 84 Dependency Installed: 85 ruby.x86_64 0:1.8.7.374-5.el6 ruby-irb.x86_64 0:1.8.7.374-5.el6 ruby-libs.x86_64 0:1.8.7.374-5.el6 86 ruby-rdoc.x86_64 0:1.8.7.374-5.el6 87 88 Complete!
3、查看ruby的版本
1 [root@web ~]# ruby -v 2 ruby 1.8.7 (2013-06-27 patchlevel 374) [x86_64-linux]
4、升级ruby1.9.3版本
1）删除原来的rubygems仓库
[root@web ~]# gem sources --remove http://rubygems.org/
2）添加aliyun的rubygems仓库
[root@web ~]# gem sources -a http://mirrors.aliyun.com/rubygems/
3）查看rubygems仓库
1 [root@web ~]# gem sources -l 2 *** CURRENT SOURCES *** 3 4 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/rubygems/
4）使用RVM进行升级ruby
a:在rvm官方网址：https://rvm.io/执行如下命令：
1 [root@web ~]# gpg --keyserver hkp://keys.gnupg.net --recv-keys 409B6B1796C275462A1703113804BB82D39DC0E3 7D2BAF1CF37B13E2069D6956105BD0E739499BDB 2 gpg: requesting key D39DC0E3 from hkp server keys.gnupg.net 3 gpg: requesting key 39499BDB from hkp server keys.gnupg.net 4 gpg: key D39DC0E3: "Michal Papis (RVM signing) <mpapis@gmail.com>" not changed 5 gpg: key 39499BDB: public key "Piotr Kuczynski <piotr.kuczynski@gmail.com>" imported 6 gpg: no ultimately trusted keys found 7 gpg: Total number processed: 2 8 gpg: imported: 1 (RSA: 1) 9 gpg: unchanged: 1
b:接着执行如下命令：
1 [root@web ~]# \curl -sSL https://get.rvm.io | bash -s stable 2 Downloading https://github.com/rvm/rvm/archive/1.29.3.tar.gz 3 curl: (35) SSL connect error 4 5 Could not download 'https://github.com/rvm/rvm/archive/1.29.3.tar.gz'. 6 curl returned status '35'. 7 8 Downloading https://bitbucket.org/mpapis/rvm/get/1.29.3.tar.gz 9 Downloading https://bitbucket.org/mpapis/rvm/downloads/1.29.3.tar.gz.asc 10 curl: (7) couldn't connect to host 11 12 Could not download 'https://bitbucket.org/mpapis/rvm/downloads/1.29.3.tar.gz.asc'. 13 curl returned status '7'. 14 15 Creating group 'rvm' 16 17 Installing RVM to /usr/local/rvm/ 18 Installation of RVM in /usr/local/rvm/ is almost complete: 19 20 * First you need to add all users that will be using rvm to 'rvm' group, 21 and logout - login again, anyone using rvm will be operating with `umask u=rwx,g=rwx,o=rx`. 22 23 * To start using RVM you need to run `source /etc/profile.d/rvm.sh` 24 in all your open shell windows, in rare cases you need to reopen all shell windows.
c:执行上述命令 * To start using RVM you need to run `source /etc/profile.d/rvm.sh`
[root@web ~]# source /etc/profile.d/rvm.sh
5、查看RVM可安装的ruby的版本
1 [root@web ~]# rvm list known 2 # MRI Rubies 3 [ruby-]1.8.6[-p420] 4 [ruby-]1.8.7[-head] # security released on head 5 [ruby-]1.9.1[-p431] 6 [ruby-]1.9.2[-p330] 7 [ruby-]1.9.3[-p551] 8 [ruby-]2.0.0[-p648] 9 [ruby-]2.1[.10] 10 [ruby-]2.2[.7] 11 [ruby-]2.3[.4] 12 [ruby-]2.4[.1] 13 ruby-head 14 15 # for forks use: rvm install ruby-head-<name> --url https://github.com/github/ruby.git --branch 2.2 16 17 # JRuby 18 jruby-1.6[.8] 19 jruby-1.7[.27] 20 jruby[-9.1.13.0] 21 jruby-head 22 23 # Rubinius 24 rbx-1[.4.3] 25 rbx-2.3[.0] 26 rbx-2.4[.1] 27 rbx-2[.5.8] 28 rbx-3[.84] 29 rbx-head 30 31 # Opal 32 opal 33 34 # Minimalistic ruby implementation - ISO 30170:2012 35 mruby-1.0.0 36 mruby-1.1.0 37 mruby-1.2.0 38 mruby-1[.3.0] 39 mruby[-head] 40 41 # Ruby Enterprise Edition 42 ree-1.8.6 43 ree[-1.8.7][-2012.02] 44 45 # Topaz 46 topaz 47 48 # MagLev 49 maglev[-head] 50 maglev-1.0.0 51 52 # Mac OS X Snow Leopard Or Newer 53 macruby-0.10 54 macruby-0.11 55 macruby[-0.12] 56 macruby-nightly 57 macruby-head 58 59 # IronRuby 60 ironruby[-1.1.3] 61 ironruby-head
6、安装ruby-1.9.3版本
1 [root@web ~]# rvm install 1.9.3 2 Searching for binary rubies, this might take some time. 3 Found remote file https://rvm_io.global.ssl.fastly.net/binaries/centos/6/x86_64/ruby-1.9.3-p551.tar.bz2 4 Checking requirements for centos. 5 Installing requirements for centos. 6 Installing required packages: libffi-devel, readline-devel, sqlite-devel, zlib-devel, libyaml-devel, openssl-devel...........| 7 Requirements installation successful. 8 ruby-1.9.3-p551 - #configure 9 ruby-1.9.3-p551 - #download 10 % Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current 11 Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed 12 100 10.2M 100 10.2M 0 0 188k 0 0:00:55 0:00:55 --:--:-- 223k 13 ruby-1.9.3-p551 - #validate archive 14 ruby-1.9.3-p551 - #extract 15 ruby-1.9.3-p551 - #validate binary 16 ruby-1.9.3-p551 - #setup 17 ruby-1.9.3-p551 - #gemset created /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p551@global 18 ruby-1.9.3-p551 - #importing gemset /usr/local/rvm/gemsets/global.gems................................... 19 ruby-1.9.3-p551 - #generating global wrappers........ 20 ruby-1.9.3-p551 - #gemset created /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p551 21 ruby-1.9.3-p551 - #importing gemsetfile /usr/local/rvm/gemsets/default.gems evaluated to empty gem list 22 ruby-1.9.3-p551 - #generating default wrappers........
7、查看ruby是否升级成功
1 [root@web ~]# ruby -v 2 ruby 1.9.3p551 (2014-11-13 revision 48407) [x86_64-linux]
至此，ruby版本升级成功
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