【Paper】2018_Trends in Development of UAV-UGV Cooperation Approaches in Precision Agriculture

1 Introduction

2 Analysis of the Tasks of Existing UAVs in the Field of Agriculture

the Chinese company DJI (https://www.dji.com)

the appropriate visualization (https://pix4d.com)

Depending on the specific requirements established by the imaging sensor, environment and particular agricultural application, different designs can be preferred (www.sensefly.com, www. sentera.com/phx-uav/, www.carbonix.com.au/aerospace).

In comparison to such platforms, the second type of UAVs as the primary task has some action in the field, which can be partially planned in advance based on the detailed analysis with information from multiple sources, or can be mostly based on the real time on-board processing of the data stream from the imaging sensor that is mounted on the same flying platform. Some examples include Yamaha’s single-rotor vehicles like the product labeled as RMAX (www.yamahamotorsports.com/ motorsports/pages/precision-agriculture), or the DJI’s solution AGRAS MG-1 (https://www.dji.com/mg-1).

Further specific tasks of the UAV in the present and future will be considered. UAVs are currently used for tasks such as spraying (Agrofly TF1A, MCA-6, DJI Agras MG-1, OCAб Yamaha RMAX), field surveys (DJI Matrice 200), aerial photography (eBee Plus, eBee SQ, Gamma, Delta-M, Geoscane 201 Agro), monitoring (RIEGL VUX-1UAV, Burevestnik, AC-32-10, AC-32-12, Sapsan-3000), cartography (Luftera LT-1, MIIGAiK X4), video monitoring (3 M, Supercam X6), etc.

• Aerial survey of lands from drones, including multispectral survey.

• Ecological monitoring of agricultural lands.

• Creation of electronic maps of fields.

• Assessment of the scope of work and constant monitoring of their implementation.

• Determination of boundaries and areas of sites where agricultural work was carried out.

• Flying around the fields to monitor the work of hired personnel, the location and use of agricultural machinery.

• Support of land reclamation, monitoring of irrigation systems.

• Formation of maps of the relief of agricultural fields, determination of directions of water erosion.

• Inventory of crops and fields, establishment of an objective area of arable land, as well as hayfields, pastures, perennial grasses, deposits.

• Determination of the actual area of sowing, under-sowing.

• Monitoring of the introduction of seed and emergence of agricultural plants, monitoring the germination of crops, rapid determination of seedling quality and development of crops during the period of vegetation with the subsequent calculation of the normalized vegetative index.

• Determination of the need for the application of fertilizers. This makes it possible to optimize (reduce) the application of fertilizers – to fertilize and fertilize fertilizers.

• Objective area for harvesting in the context of crops, yield forecast for this area.

• Determination of areas of contamination or diseases of crops, the degree of contamination.

• Phytosanitary control.

• Spraying landings from a drone.

• Documentation of damage from natural disasters.

• Protection of harvest on the field.1

3 The Main Tasks of UGV in Context UAV-UGV Cooperation

4 Conclusion

Ref

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