mailman在ubuntu下安装方法
· Mailman
This guide explains how to setup Mailman mailing list software with the Apache web server and either the Exim4 or Postfix mail servers on Ubuntu. The intended audience is experienced linux users and system administrators.
Introduction
If you are new to Mailman, this section provides a quick introduction to Mailman.
Mailman is an open source program for managing electronic mail discussions and e-newsletter lists. Many open source mailing lists (including all the Ubuntu mailing lists) use Mailman as their mailing list software. It is powerful, easy to install and easy to maintain.
Assumptions
It is assumed that you know how to run linux commands, edit files, and start and stop services in the linux system. It is also assumed that you have administrative access to an Ubuntu system, that you have internet connection and that you have configured /etc/apt/sources.list. （其实不需要配置这个list）
Installation
Mailman provides the web interface for the administrators and users. Mailman uses an external mailserver to send/receive emails. It works perfectly with the following mailservers:
In this section, we will see howto install Mailman, Apache web server and Exim or Postfix mail server. If you wish to install Mailman with another mail server, please refer the reference pages given at the end of the guide.
可以从上述邮件服务器上任选一个，我用的是EXIM。
Apache2
Apache2 is already in the repository. Install the following packages: apache2 (see InstallingSoftware).
直接用ubuntu自带的那个新立得软件安装器搜索安装就可以了。
Mailman
Mailman is Main in the repository. Install the following packages: mailman (see InstallingSoftware).
It copies the installation files in /var/lib/mailman. It installs the cgi scripts in /usr/lib/cgi-bin/mailman directory.
The package creates a 'list' user and a 'list' group. The mailman process is be owned by this user.
直接用ubuntu自带的那个新立得软件安装器搜索安装就可以了。
Mail server installation
You only need one Mail Transport Agent (MTA) installed and configured in order to use Mailman. Here are instructions and for installing Exim4 and Postfix.
Exim4
Exim4 is already in the repository. Install the following packages: exim4 (see InstallingSoftware).
See the Exim4 page for more details on installing and configuring Exim4. This example uses split configuration (Exim4 default, multiple configuration files), not monolithic/unsplit configuration (a single file).
直接用ubuntu自带的那个新立得软件安装器搜索安装就可以了。
Configuration
This section assumes you have successfully completed the installation of Mailman, Apache and a Mail server. Now you just need to configure them. At the end of this section, your Mailman will be ready to rock!
Exim4 Configuration
Once exim4 is installed, you can run it using the following command:
# /etc/init.d/exim4 start
In order to make mailman work with exim4, you need to configure exim4. As mentioned earlier, by default, exim4 uses multiple configuration files of different types. For details, please refer Exim website.
To run mailman, we should make add new configuration file to each of the following configuration types:
- Main
- Transport
- Router
Exim creates a master configuration file, by sorting all these mini configuration files. So, the order of these configuration files is important. This is accomplished using certain file names prefixed by a number. See below.
Main
All the configuration files belonging to main type are stored in /etc/exim4/conf.d/main/ directory. You can add the following content in a new file. You may name it as 04_exim4-config_mailman::
# start
# Home dir for your Mailman installation -- aka Mailman's prefix
# directory.
# By default this is set to "/usr/local/mailman"
# On a Red Hat/Fedora system using the RPM use "/var/mailman"
# On Debian using the deb package use "/var/lib/mailman"
# This is normally the same as ~mailman
MM_HOME=/var/lib/mailman
#
# User and group for Mailman, should match your --with-mail-gid
# switch to Mailman's configure script. Value is normally "mailman"
MM_UID=list
MM_GID=list
#
# Domains that your lists are in - colon separated list
# you may wish to add these into local_domains as well
domainlist mm_domains=lists.example.com
#
# -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
#
# These values are derived from the ones above and should not need
# editing unless you have munged your mailman installation
#
# The path of the Mailman mail wrapper script
MM_WRAP=MM_HOME/mail/mailman
#
# The path of the list config file (used as a required file when
# verifying list addresses)
MM_LISTCHK=MM_HOME/lists/${lc::$local_part}/config.pck
# end
IMPORTANT: Please replace lists.example.com with your own domain
Transport
All the configuration files belonging to transport type are stored in /etc/exim4/conf.d/transport/ directory. You can add the following content in a new file. You may name it as 40_exim4-config_mailman::
mailman_transport:
driver = pipe
command = MM_WRAP /
'${if def:local_part_suffix /
{${sg{$local_part_suffix}{-(//w+)(//+.*)?}{/$1/}/}/} /
{post}}' /
$local_part
current_directory = MM_HOME
home_directory = MM_HOME
user = MM_UID
group = MM_GID
IMPORTANT: In the above configuration, in line no 5, I've escaped three braces (/}/}/}) to make it compatible with this document. Please unescape it (by deleting the backslashes before each brace) when you save this file.
Router
All the configuration files belonging to router type are stored in /etc/exim4/conf.d/router/ directory. You can add the following content in a new file. You may name it as 101_exim4-config_mailman::
mailman_router:
driver = accept
require_files = MM_HOME/lists/$local_part/config.pck
local_part_suffix_optional
local_part_suffix = -bounces : -bounces+* : /
-confirm+* : -join : -leave : /
-owner : -request : -admin
domains = +mm_domains
transport = mailman_transport
IMPORTANT: The order of main and transport configuration files can be in any order. But, the order of router configuration files must be in the same order. This particular file, must appear before 200_exim4-config_primary file. These two configuration files contain same type of information. The first file takes the precedence. For more details, please refer to the exim website or the references section in this page. 这个东西其实不用在意的。他就是解释一下而已。
Apache Configuration
An example Apache configuration file comes with Mailman and is placed in /etc/mailman/apache.conf. In order for Apache to use the config file it needs to be copied to /etc/apache2/sites-enabled:
sudo ln -s /etc/mailman/apache.conf /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/mailman
This will setup a new Apache VirtualHost for the Mailman administration site. Once you have created the symbolic link, you'll need to enable it and restart Apache:
sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart
Mailman Configuration
Once mailman is installed, you should create the default mailing list. Run the following command: 其实这步可以在网页上完成。
应该先用mmsitepass 设置mailman的管理员密码。才可以创建新的maillist
# sudo newlist mailman
Enter the email of the person running the list: bhuvaneswaran at NOSPAM gmail.com
Initial mailman password:
To finish creating your mailing list, you must edit your /etc/aliases (or
equivalent) file by adding the following lines, and possibly running the
`newaliases' program:
## mailman mailing list
mailman: "|/var/lib/mailman/mail/mailman post mailman"
mailman-admin: "|/var/lib/mailman/mail/mailman admin mailman"
mailman-bounces: "|/var/lib/mailman/mail/mailman bounces mailman"
mailman-confirm: "|/var/lib/mailman/mail/mailman confirm mailman"
mailman-join: "|/var/lib/mailman/mail/mailman join mailman"
mailman-leave: "|/var/lib/mailman/mail/mailman leave mailman"
mailman-owner: "|/var/lib/mailman/mail/mailman owner mailman"
mailman-request: "|/var/lib/mailman/mail/mailman request mailman"
mailman-subscribe: "|/var/lib/mailman/mail/mailman subscribe mailman"
mailman-unsubscribe: "|/var/lib/mailman/mail/mailman unsubscribe mailman"
Hit enter to notify mailman owner...
#
Once mailman is installed and the default mailing list created, you can run it using the following command:
sudo /etc/init.d/mailman start
We have configured Exim4 or Postfix to recognize all emails from Mailman. So, it's not mandatory to make any new entries in /etc/aliases.
If you have made any changes to the configuration files, please ensure that you restart those services, before continuing to next section.
Administration
Web administration
In this section, we assume you have done the default installation. The Mailman CGI scripts are still in /usr/lib/cgi-bin/mailman directory.
Mailman provides web based administration facility. To access this page, point your browser to the following url: http://hostname/cgi-bin/mailman/admin
The default mailing list, 'mailman' would appear in this screen. If you click the mailing list name, it would ask for authentication password. If you enter the correct password, you would be able to change administrative settings of this mailing list.
You can create new mailing list using command line utilility (newlist). Alternatively, you can create new mailing list using web interface.
For each list, you have three web sections:
- http://hostname/cgi-bin/mailman/admin/list: admin interface for the list list.
- http://hostname/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/list: user interface for the list list.
- http://hostname/cgi-bin/mailman/admindb/list: pending messages waiting for approval.
Command line interface
Mailman also have a set of command line tools. Here are the most important:
- newlist: add a new list
- rmlist ''list'': delete a list
- list_lists: list all the lists
- list_members ''list'': list all the members of the list
- add_members ''user@example.com'' ''list'': add e-mail user@example.com to the list list.
- remove_members ''user@example.com'' ''list'': remove e-mail user@example.com to the list list
- mmsitepass: define a site password to access administration web interfaces
Users
Mailman provides web based interfaces for users. To access this page, point your browser to the following url:
- http://hostname/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo
The default mailing list, 'mailman' would appear in this screen. If you click the mailing list name, it would display the subscription form. You can enter your email address, name (optional) and password to subscribe. An email intimation would be sent to you. You can follow the instructions in the email to subscribe.
关于找不到虚拟主机的错误：
在用mailman创建list的时候，会出现"Error: Unknown virtual host"的错误。修正的方式是在mm_cfg.py中通过添加以下语句：
add_virtualhost('your host IP ',' your host IP ')
就可以注册虚拟主机。
关于在Ubuntu Linux中如何查看自身的IP地址
打开终端，在命令行中输入ifconfig，回车后就会出现在windows中的ipconfig近乎相同的结果。