Android 使用ViewBinding视图绑定
柯波峻
目前，谷歌在 Android Studio 3.6 Canary 11 及更高版本中加入了新的视图绑定方式ViewBinding。
注意：要使用ViewBinding功能，AndroidStudio至少要升级到3.6。
使用方法
在要使用ViewBinding的 module 的build.gradle文件中开启ViewBinding
android {
……………
viewBinding {
enabled = true
}
……………
}
如果在使用的过程中不想为某个布局文件生成binding类，则可以使用如下属性添加到布局的根视图中：
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout
…………
tools:viewBindingIgnore="true" >
…………
</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>
在gradle文件中开启ViewBinding功能后,编译器就会为此模块下的每个布局文件都产生一个对应的绑定类。
这个绑定类是我们的布局名称去掉下划线使用驼峰的形式结尾接Binding；
例如：
activity_gender_guide.xml
就是：
ActivityGenderGuideBinding
使用viewbinding后，不需要再findViewById找控件，
直接通过binding.控件Id名称就可以，控件id名称也是去掉下滑线使用驼峰的形式。
viewbinding的inflate有两种方法，根据直接所需选择
1：inflate(getLayoutInflater());
2：inflate(inflater, container, false);
在Activity里使用
public class GenderGuideActivity extends Activity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
//之前的写法
setContentView(R.layout.activity_gender_guide);
TextView guide_title = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.guide_title);
guide_title.setText("标题");
//使用viewbinding的写法
ActivityGenderGuideBinding binding = ActivityGenderGuideBinding.inflate(getLayoutInflater());
setContentView(binding.getRoot());
binding.guideTitle.setText("标题");
}
在Fragment里使用
public class ReadingHistoryFragment extends Fragment {
@Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
//以前的写法
View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.list_with_empty_view, null);
TextView empty_text = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.empty_text);
empty_text.setText("标题");
return view;
//使用viewbinding的写法
ListWithEmptyViewBinding binding = ListWithEmptyViewBinding.inflate(inflater, container, false);
binding.emptyText.setText("标题");
return binding.getRoot();
}
}
在BaseAdapter里使用
以前的写法
public class ListAdapter extends BaseAdapter {
private Activity activity;
private List<String> list;
public ListAdapter(Activity activity, List<String> list) {
this.activity = activity;
this.list = list;
}
@Override
public int getCount() {
return list == null ? 0 : list.size();
}
@Override
public Object getItem(int position) {
return list.get(position);
}
@Override
public long getItemId(int position) {
return position;
}
class ViewHolder {
ImageView iv_cover;
TextView tv_bookname;
TextView tv_author;
TextView tv_url_or_chapter;
TextView tv_archive_date;
ImageView iv_popup_hint;
}
@Override
public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
ViewHolder holder;
if (convertView == null) {
convertView = LayoutInflater.from(activity).inflate(R.layout.archive_list_item, null);
holder = new ViewHolder();
holder.iv_cover = (ImageView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.iv_cover);
holder.tv_bookname = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.tv_bookname);
holder.tv_author = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.tv_author);
holder.tv_url_or_chapter = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.tv_url_or_chapter);
holder.tv_archive_date = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.tv_archive_date);
holder.iv_popup_hint = (ImageView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.iv_popup_hint);
convertView.setTag(holder);
} else {
holder = (ViewHolder) convertView.getTag();
}
return convertView;
}
}
使用viewbinding的写法
public class ListAdapter extends BaseAdapter {
private Activity activity;
private List<String> list;
public ListAdapter(Activity activity, List<String> list) {
this.activity = activity;
this.list = list;
}
@Override
public int getCount() {
return list == null ? 0 : list.size();
}
@Override
public Object getItem(int position) {
return list.get(position);
}
@Override
public long getItemId(int position) {
return position;
}
@Override
public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
ArchiveListItemBinding binding;
if (convertView == null) {
binding = ArchiveListItemBinding.inflate(activity.getLayoutInflater(), null, false);
convertView = binding.getRoot();
convertView.setTag(binding);
} else {
binding = (ArchiveListItemBinding) convertView.getTag();
}
binding.tvBookname.setText("标题");
return convertView;
}
}
在RecyclerView结合Adapter使用
public class MainAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<MainAdapter.ViewHolder> {
private List<String> mList;
public MainAdapter(List<String> list) {
mList = list;
}
@NonNull
@Override
public MainAdapter.ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(@NonNull ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
//之前的写法
//View view = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()).inflate(R.layout.layout_comment_item, parent, false);
//ViewHolder holder = new ViewHolder(view);
//使用ViewBinding的写法
LayoutCommentItemBinding commentItemBinding = LayoutCommentItemBinding.inflate(LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()), parent, false);
ViewHolder holder = new ViewHolder(commentBinding);
return holder;
}
@Override
public void onBindViewHolder(@NonNull MainAdapter.ViewHolder holder, int position) {
holder.mTextView.setText("标题");
}
@Override
public int getItemCount() {
return mList.size();
}
static class ViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {
TextView mTextView;
//之前的写法
//public ViewHolder(@NonNull View itemView) {
// super(itemView);
// mTextView = itemView.findViewById(R.id.tv_name);
//}
//使用ViewBinding的写法
ViewHolder(@NonNull LayoutCommentItemBinding commentItemBinding) {
super(commentItemBinding.getRoot());
mTextView = commentItemBinding.tvName;
}
}
}
自定义Dialog的使用
public static void showRechargeAlertDialog(Context context, String title, int type, final OnSingleChoiceSelectedListener singleChoiceSelectedListener){
//之前的写法
View view = View.inflate(context, R.layout.dialog_recharge, null);
TextView dialog_title = view.findViewById(R.id.dialog_title);
dialog_title.setText("标题");
final AlertDialog alertDialog = createAlertDialog(context, view, true);
//使用viewbinding的写法
DialogRechargeBinding binding = DialogRechargeBinding.inflate(LayoutInflater.from(context));
binding.dialogTitle.setText("标题");
final AlertDialog alertDialog = createAlertDialog(context, binding.getRoot(), true);
}
//创建共用的dialog的属性
public static AlertDialog createAlertDialog(Context context, View view, boolean isCancelable){
AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(context);
builder.setView(view);
final AlertDialog catDialog = builder.show();
catDialog.setCancelable(isCancelable);//按返回键是否可以退出，true允许
catDialog.getWindow().setBackgroundDrawable(null);
catDialog.getWindow().setSoftInputMode(WindowManager.LayoutParams.SOFT_INPUT_STATE_VISIBLE);
WindowManager.LayoutParams lp = catDialog.getWindow().getAttributes();
lp.width = SystemUtil.getScreenWidth(context); //设置宽度
lp.height = WindowManager.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT;
catDialog.getWindow().setAttributes(lp);
return catDialog;
}
Popupwindow也是一样就不重复了。
使用的layout文件有include
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_money_income);
ActivityMoneyIncomeBinding moneyIncomeBinding = ActivityMoneyIncomeBinding.bind(getContainer());;
//如果include的布局是当前 module里的布局
//就可以直接调用
//moneyIncomeBinding.moneyView.title.setText("标题");
//如果是其它module里的
//那么需要在哪个module里开启viewbinding
//调用方法
View money_view = findViewById(R.id.money_view);
MartianMoneyWithdrawViewBinding moneyBinding = MartianMoneyWithdrawViewBinding.bind(money_view);
moneyBinding.title.setText("标题");
}
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