ES构建queryBuilder条件查询
姜淇
开发过程中多使用ES的javaAPI，通过javaAPI来对ES的索引进行操作，对ES的操作一般都是通过构建QueryBuilder对象来进行操作。下面介绍几种QueryBuilder的构建。
1. maven配置
maven依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.elasticsearch</groupId>
<artifactId>elasticsearch</artifactId>
<version>6.3.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.elasticsearch.client</groupId>
<artifactId>transport</artifactId>
<version>6.3.2</version>
</dependency>
2. 等值查询
BoolQueryBuilder queryBuilder = QueryBuilders.boolQuery()
.must(QueryBuilders.termQuery("name", "小李"));
查询name=小李的ES文档，等同于命令：
{
"query": {
"bool": {
"adjust_pure_negative": true,
"must": [{
"term": {
"name": {
"boost": 1.0,
"value": "小李"
}
}
}],
"boost": 1.0
}
}
}
3. 范围查询
BoolQueryBuilder queryBuilder = QueryBuilders.rangeQuery("age")
.gte(18)
.lte(50);
查询年龄大于等于18，并且小于等于50的记录，等同于以下命令。
{
"query": {
"range": {
"age": {
"include_lower": true,
"include_upper": true,
"from": 18,
"boost": 1.0,
"to": 50
}
}
}
}
4. 模糊查询
BoolQueryBuilder queryBuilder = QueryBuilders.boolQuery()
.must(QueryBuilders.wildcardQuery("name", "*小李*"));
查询姓名中包含有小李的的文档记录，等同于以下命令：
{
"query": {
"bool": {
"adjust_pure_negative": true,
"must": [{
"wildcard": {
"name": {
"boost": 1.0,
"wildcard": "*小李*"
}
}
}],
"boost": 1.0
}
}
}
5. 多条件查询
BoolQueryBuilder queryBuilder = QueryBuilders.boolQuery()
.must(QueryBuilders.termQuery("name", "小李"))
.must(QueryBuilders.rangeQuery("age")
.gte(10)
.lte(50));
查询姓名为：小李，并且年龄在10-50之间的文档，等同于以下命令：
{
"query": {
"bool": {
"adjust_pure_negative": true,
"must": [{
"term": {
"name": {
"boost": 1.0,
"value": "小李"
}
}
}, {
"range": {
"age": {
"include_lower": true,
"include_upper": true,
"from": 10,
"boost": 1.0,
"to": 50
}
}
}],
"boost": 1.0
}
}
}
6. 集合查询
List<String> list = Arrays.asList("北京", "上海", "杭州");
BoolQueryBuilder queryBuilder = QueryBuilders.boolQuery()
.must(QueryBuilders.termQuery("name", "李明"))
.must(QueryBuilders.termsQuery("address", list))
.must(QueryBuilders.rangeQuery("age")
.gte(10)
.lte(50));
查询地址在北京、上海、杭州，并且年龄在10至50，名字叫做李明的文档，等同于以下命令：
{
"query": {
"bool": {
"adjust_pure_negative": true,
"must": [{
"term": {
"name": {
"boost": 1.0,
"value": "李明"
}
}
}, {
"terms": {
"address": ["北京", "上海", "杭州"],
"boost": 1.0
}
}, {
"range": {
"age": {
"include_lower": true,
"include_upper": true,
"from": 10,
"boost": 1.0,
"to": 50
}
}
}],
"boost": 1.0
}
}
}
7. 使用should查询
BoolQueryBuilder queryBuilder = QueryBuilders.boolQuery()
.should(QueryBuilders.wildcardQuery("name", "*小李*"))
.should(QueryBuilders.termQuery("address", "北京"));
查询姓名包含小李或者是地址是北京的记录，should相当于或者or，命令如下：
{
"query": {
"bool": {
"adjust_pure_negative": true,
"should": [{
"wildcard": {
"name": {
"boost": 1.0,
"wildcard": "*小李*"
}
}
}, {
"term": {
"address": {
"boost": 1.0,
"value": "北京"
}
}
}],
"boost": 1.0
}
}
}
8. should和must配合查询
BoolQueryBuilder queryBuilder = QueryBuilders.boolQuery()
.must(QueryBuilders.termQuery("sex", "男"))
.should(QueryBuilders.wildcardQuery("name", "*小李*"))
.should(QueryBuilders.termQuery("address", "北京"))
.minimumShouldMatch(1);
查询性别为男，姓名包含小李或地址为北京的记录，**minimumShouldMatch(1)**表示最少要匹配到一个should条件。相当于以下命令：
{
"query": {
"bool": {
"adjust_pure_negative": true,
"should": [{
"wildcard": {
"name": {
"boost": 1.0,
"wildcard": "*小李*"
}
}
}, {
"term": {
"address": {
"boost": 1.0,
"value": "北京"
}
}
}],
"minimum_should_match": "1",
"must": [{
"term": {
"sex": {
"boost": 1.0,
"value": "男"
}
}
}],
"boost": 1.0
}
}
}
must：必须满足的条件
should：非必须满足的条件
minimumShouldMatch(1)：至少要满足一个 should 条件
以上queryBuilder可以理解为需要满足一个must条件，并且至少要满足一个should条件。
9. 有值查询
BoolQueryBuilder queryBuilder = QueryBuilders.boolQuery()
.must(QueryBuilders.existsQuery("name"))
.mustNot(QueryBuilders.existsQuery("tag"));
查询name有值，tag不存在值的文档，命令如下：
{
"query": {
"bool": {
"adjust_pure_negative": true,
"must_not": [{
"exists": {
"field": "tag",
"boost": 1.0
}
}],
"must": [{
"exists": {
"field": "name",
"boost": 1.0
}
}],
"boost": 1.0
}
}
}
10. 分页查询
SearchResponse response = this.transportClient.prepareSearch(index)
.setTypes(type)
.setQuery(queryBuilder)
.setFrom(offset)
.setSize(rows)
.setExplain(false)
.execute()
.actionGet();
普通分页查询数据，相当于以下命令：
{
"from" : 0,
"size" : 10,
"query": {
"bool": {
"adjust_pure_negative": true,
"must": [{
"term": {
"name": {
"boost": 1.0,
"value": "小李"
}
}
}],
"boost": 1.0
}
}
}
基于scrollId查询的API如下：
SearchResponse scrollResp = null;
String scrollId = ContextParameterHolder.get("scrollId");
if (scrollId != null) {
scrollResp = getTransportClient().prepareSearchScroll(scrollId).setScroll(new TimeValue(60000)).execute()
.actionGet();
} else {
log.info("基于scroll的分页查询，scrollId为空");
scrollResp = this.prepareSearch()
.setSearchType(SearchType.QUERY_AND_FETCH)
.setScroll(new TimeValue(60000))
.setQuery(queryBuilder)
.setSize(page.getPageSize()).execute().actionGet();
ContextParameterHolder.set("scrollId", scrollResp.getScrollId());
}
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