邮件服务器Postfix+extmail+courier-imap配置

戈念

2023-12-01

一.首先介绍安装环境：
OS：centos5.4最小化安装，选择了组件 base，devlopment libraries development tools editors text-base internet 这几个组件，其他的一概不选。安装系统完毕，直接进行yum update -y &升级。
在终端输入setup命令选择firewall configuration 将security level 与SELinux 改为disabled，目的是为了避免在安装调试时产生不必要的麻烦，在系统安装完成后，可以自己去调试安全部分，在这里将不作详细介绍。

二.组件选择说明：
我们能用RPM 安装的，我们将采用rpm 安装，如果rpm没有的，我们将创建自己的rpm。部分软件简介：
1、AMP －－－apache（web服务）、mysql（数据库）、php（非必需）的简称
2、postfix －－mta 邮件系统核心
3、courier-authlib－－一个为courier-imap，maildrop，sasl2 提供用户信息的后台进程序
4、courier-imap －－提供pop3,pop3s,imap,imaps 服务的程序
5、dspam clamd －－提供内容过滤
6、extmail －－一个著名的webmail程序
7、extman －－与extmail集成的后台管理程序

三：组件安装
1、安装AMP
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install httpd httpd-devel mysql mysql-devel mysql-server php php-xml php-cli php-pdo php-mbstring php-mcrypt php-gd php-common php-devel php-mysql
修改启动配置并启动
[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig --level 345 mysqld on
[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig --level 345 httpd on
[root@localhost ~]# service mysqld start
[root@localhost ~]# service httpd start

2.下载extman（http://www.extmail.org/cgi-bin/download.cgi）
[root@localhost ~]# tar zxf extman-1.1.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# cd extman-1.1/docs/
[root@localhost docs]# mysql -uroot <extmail.sql
[root@localhost docs]# mysql -uroot <init.sql

3、RPM 简介
下面我们将采用rpm 的方式安装软件
/usr/src/redhat/SPEC spec 文件夹，通常是rpm文件夹
/usr/src/redhat/RPMS 是生成rpm 的文件，下面还有i368,i486 等子文件夹，一般我们用i386 架构
/usr/src/redhat/SOURCE 源文件文件夹
为了安装时切换目录的方便，我们将目录存放到一个shell变量里。
[root@localhost ~]# export RPMS=/usr/src/redhat/RPMS
[root@localhost ~]# export SOURCE=/usr/src/redhat/SOURCES
[root@localhost ~]# export SPEC=/usr/src/redhat/SPECS
在下面安装过程中，大家要记住cd $RPMS 与cd /usr/src/redhat/RPMS 的目的是一样的，只是shell变量的替换。

4、安装authlib （courier-authlib-0.63.0）
A、安装依懒的包
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install postgresql-devel expect libtool-ltdl-devel
[root@localhost ~]# wget http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/courier/courier-authlib-0.63.0.tar.bz2
[root@localhost ~]# tar xjf courier-authlib-0.63.0.tar.bz2
[root@localhost ~]# cd courier-authlib-0.63.0
[root@localhost courier-authlib-0.63.0]# cp courier-authlib.spec $SPEC
[root@localhost courier-authlib-0.63.0]# cd ..
[root@localhost ~]# cp courier-authlib-0.63.0.tar.bz2 $SOURCE
[root@localhost ~]# cd $SPEC
[root@localhost SPECS]# rpmbuild -bb courier-authlib.spec （创建rpm文件）
B、安装生成的rpm
[root@localhost SPECS]# cd $RPMS/i386
[root@localhost i386]# rpm -ivh courier-authlib-0.63.0-1.i386.rpm
[root@localhost i386]# rpm -ivh courier-authlib-devel-0.63.0-1.i386.rpm
[root@localhost i386]# rpm -ivh courier-authlib-mysql-0.63.0-1.i386.rpm
C、配置authlibdaemon
[root@localhost i386]# cd /etc/authlib/
[root@localhost authlib]# mv authdaemonrc authdaemonrc.bak
[root@localhost authlib]# vim authdaemonrc
输入下面的内容：
authmodulelist="authmysql"
authmodulelistorig="authmysql"
daemons=10
authdaemonvar=/var/spool/authdaemon
DEBUG_LOGIN=2
DEFAULTOPTIONS="wbnodsn=1"
LOGGEROPTS=""
D、配置authmysqlrc
[root@localhost authlib]# mv authmysqlrc authmysqlrc.bak
[root@localhost authlib]# vim authmysqlrc
输入下面的内容：
MYSQL_SERVER    localhost
MYSQL_USERNAME extmail
MYSQL_PASSWORD extmail
MYSQL_PORT      0
MYSQL_SOCKET    /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
MYSQL_OPT       0
MYSQL_DATABASE extmail

MYSQL_SELECT_CLAUSE     SELECT username,password,"",uidnumber,gidnumber,\
CONCAT('/home/domains/',homedir),               \
CONCAT('/home/domains/',maildir),               \
quota,                                          \
name                                            \
FROM mailbox                                    \
WHERE username = '$(local_part)@$(domain)'

E、启动authlib

[root@localhost ~]# service courier-authlib start
Starting Courier authentication services: authdaemond
[root@localhost ~]# chmod 777 /var/spool/authdaemon/

5.安装courier-imap
由于courier-imap 不能用root身份生成rpm那么我们新建一个普通用户，并创建一个rpm环境
[root@localhost ~]# useradd yiyou 在这里添加自己的用户
软件包依懒需要安装openldap-server，rpm创建完成后可以删除
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install openldap-servers
[root@localhost ~]# su - yiyou
[yiyou@localhost ~]$ mkdir -p rpm/{BUILD,RPMS,SOURCES,SPECS,SRPMS}
[yiyou@localhost ~]$ vim ~/.rpmmacros
输入内容：
%_topdir /home/yiyou/rpm
[yiyou@localhost ~]$ wget http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/courier/courier-imap-4.7.0.tar.bz2
[yiyou@localhost ~]$ cp courier-imap-4.7.0.tar.bz2 rpm/SOURCES/
[yiyou@localhost ~]$ tar xjf courier-imap-4.7.0.tar.bz2
[yiyou@localhost ~]$ cd courier-imap-4.7.0
[yiyou@localhost courier-imap-4.7.0]$ cp courier-imap.spec ../rpm/SPECS/
[yiyou@localhost courier-imap-4.7.0]$ cd ../rpm/SPECS/
编辑courier-imap.spec 将下面的内容：
%if %suse_version
BuildRequires: rpm >= 3.0.5 /usr/bin/sed openldap2 openldap2-devel %([ %{suse_version} -gt 819 ] && echo /usr/include/fam.h)
%else
BuildRequires: rpm >= 4.0.2 sed /usr/include/fam.h openldap-devel openldap-servers
%endif
改为：将此处fam.h 去掉此处好像没有openldap相关选项 2010-1-12
%if %suse_version   在这里好像提示没有安装openldap-server yum install openldap* 还真没装
BuildRequires: rpm >= 3.0.5 /usr/bin/sed openldap2 openldap2-devel
%else
BuildRequires: rpm >= 4.0.2 sed openldap-devel openldap-servers
%endif
创建rpm
[yiyou@localhost SPECS]$ rpmbuild -bb courier-imap.spec
完成rpm后，输入exit退出当前用户。
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -ivh /home/yiyou/rpm/RPMS/i386/courier-imap-4.7.0-1.i386.rpm
[root@localhost ~]# service courier-imap start

6.安装cyrus-sasl

[root@localhost ~]# yum install -y cyrus-sasl-devel cyrus-sasl-plain cyrus-sasl cyrus-sasl-lib
A.配置sasl2
创建/usr/lib/sasl2/smtpd.conf 文件，输入下面的内容：
pwcheck_method:authdaemond
log_level:3
mech_list:PLAIN LOGIN
authdaemond_path:/var/spool/authdaemon/socket

7、安装postfix 升级至2.6.5
A、下载软件包
[root@localhost i386]# cd
[root@localhost ~]# wget http://ftp.wl0.org/official/2.6/SRPMS/postfix-2.6.5-1.src.rpm
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -ivh postfix-2.6.5-1.src.rpm
[root@localhost ~]# cd $SPEC
编辑postfix.spec 修改下面的选项
%define distribution rhel-5.0
%define with_mysql_redhat 1
%define with_sasl         2
%define with_vda          1
%define with_pcre         1

B、创建rpm

[root@localhost SPECS]# rpmbuild -bb postfix.spec
[root@localhost RPMS]# cd $RPMS/i386
[root@localhost i386]# rpm -ivh postfix-2.6.5-1.rhel5.i386.rpm

C、切换mta

[root@localhost i386]# alternatives --config mta （选择2，postfix）
[root@localhost i386]# rpm -e sendmail
[root@localhost i386]# cd /usr/sbin/
[root@localhost sbin]# mv sendmail sendmail.bak
[root@localhost sbin]# newaliases
[root@localhost sbin]# ln -s sendmail.postfix sendmail

D、配置postfix

[root@localhost ~]# cd /etc/postfix/
[root@localhost postfix]# mv main.cf main.cf.bak
[root@localhost postfix]# vim main.cf

输入下面的内容：

queue_directory = /var/spool/postfix
command_directory = /usr/sbin
daemon_directory = /usr/libexec/postfix
data_directory = /var/lib/postfix
mail_owner = postfix
unknown_local_recipient_reject_code = 550
debug_peer_level = 2
debugger_command =

PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/X11R6/bin

ddd $daemon_directory/$process_name $process_id & sleep 5
sendmail_path = /usr/sbin/sendmail.postfix
newaliases_path = /usr/bin/newaliases.postfix
mailq_path = /usr/bin/mailq.postfix
setgid_group = postdrop
html_directory = /usr/share/doc/postfix-2.6.5-documentation/html
manpage_directory = /usr/share/man
sample_directory = /etc/postfix
readme_directory = /usr/share/doc/postfix-2.6.5-documentation/readme
alias_database = hash:/etc/postfix/aliases
alias_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/aliases
myhostname = mail.360book.com.cn(修改为自己的域名)
mydomain = 360book.com.cn(修改为自己的域名)
mydestination = $myhostname
smtpd_banner = 360book.com.cn ESMTP Mail System(修改为自己的域名)
message_size_limit = 14680064
virtual_alias_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_virtual_alias_maps.cf
virtual_mailbox_base = /home/domains
virtual_mailbox_domains = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_virtual_domains_maps.cf
virtual_mailbox_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_virtual_mailbox_maps.cf
virtual_mailbox_limit_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_virtual_limit_maps.cf
virtual_transport = maildrop
maildrop_destination_recipient_limit = 1

#sasl
smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes
smtpd_sasl2_auth_enable = yes
smtpd_sasl_security_options = noanonymous
broken_sasl_auth_clients = yes
smtpd_recipient_restrictions =

permit_mynetworks,

       permit_sasl_authenticated,
reject_unauth_destination,
reject_unauth_pipelining,
reject_invalid_hostname
dspam_destination_recipient_limit = 1
复制extman/docs 目录的cf 文件到/etc/postfix
[root@localhost postfix]# cp /root/extman-1.1/docs/mysql_virtual_* .
因为配置文件的用户、密码与数据库时一样，所以不用修改。
[root@localhost postfix]# service postfix start

9、安装maildrop
A、下载生成RPM

[root@localhost postfix]# cd
[root@localhost ~]# wget http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/courier/maildrop-2.3.0.tar.bz2
[root@localhost ~]# cp maildrop-2.3.0.tar.bz2 $SOURCE
[root@localhost ~]# tar xjf maildrop-2.3.0.tar.bz2
[root@localhost ~]# cd maildrop-2.3.0
[root@localhost maildrop-2.3.0]# cp maildrop.spec $SPEC
[root@localhost maildrop-2.3.0]# cd $SPEC
编辑maildrop.spec 把下面：
BuildRequires: /usr/include/fam.h gdbm-devel pcre-devel
改为：
BuildRequires: gdbm-devel pcre-devel
把下面：
%configure --with-devel --enable-userdb --enable-maildirquota \
--enable-syslog=1 --enable-trusted-users='root mail daemon postmaster qmaild mmdf' \
--enable-restrict-trusted=0 \
--enable-sendmail=/usr/sbin/sendmail
改为：
%configure --with-devel --enable-userdb --enable-maildirquota \
--enable-syslog=1 --enable-trusted-users='root mail daemon postmaster qmaild mmdf' \
--enable-restrict-trusted=0 --enable-sendmail=/usr/sbin/sendmail \
--enable-authlib
B、创建安装maildrop rpm
[root@localhost SPECS]# yum -y install pcre-devel
[root@localhost SPECS]# rpmbuild -bb maildrop.spec
[root@localhost SPECS]# cd $RPMS/i386
[root@localhost i386]# rpm -ivh maildrop-2.3.0-1.i386.rpm
C、添加虚似用户及创建目录
[root@localhost i386]# cd 在这里提示已经添加了用户应该是安装postfix的时候创建的用户
[root@localhost ~]# groupadd -g 1000 vgroup
[root@localhost ~]# useradd -g 1000 -u 1000 -s /sbin/nologin -d /dev/null vuser
编辑/etc/postfix/master.cf ，加入下面的内容：
maildrop unix -     n     n     -     -     pipe
flags=DRhu user=vuser argv=/usr/bin/maildrop -d ${user}@${nexthop} ${recipient} ${user} ${extension} ${nexthop}
D、创建邮件存储目录
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /home/domains/extmail.org/postmaster
[root@localhost ~]# maildirmake /home/domains/extmail.org/postmaster/Maildir
[root@localhost ~]# chown -R vuser:vgroup /home/domains/
E、测试maildrop
[root@localhost ~]# echo "test" | maildrop -V 10 -d postmaster@extmail.com

maildrop: authlib: groupid=1000
maildrop: authlib: userid=1000

maildrop: authlib:logname=postmaster@extmail.org,
home=/home/domains/extmail.org/postmaster, mail=/home/data/domains/extmail.org/postmaster/Maildir/
maildrop: Changing to /home/data/domains/extmail.org/postmaster
Message start at 0 bytes, envelope sender=postmaster@extmail.org
maildrop: Attempting .mailfilter
maildrop: Delivery complete.
出现上以信息说明authlib，maildrop 工作正常
F、测试pop3
[root@localhost ~]# telnet localhost 110
Trying 127.0.0.1...
Connected to localhost.localdomain (127.0.0.1).
Escape character is '^]'.
+OK Hello there.
user postmaster@extmail.org
+OK Password required.
pass extmail
+OK logged in.
list
+OK POP3 clients that break here, they violate STD53.
1 6
.
retr 1
+OK 6 octets follow.
test
.
quit
+OK Bye-bye.
Connection closed by foreign host.

G、测试postfix
[root@localhost ~]# perl -MMIME::Base64 -e 'print encode_base64("postmaster\@extmail.org");'
cG9zdG1hc3RlckBleHRtYWlsLm9yZw==
[root@localhost ~]# perl -MMIME::Base64 -e 'print encode_base64("extmail");'
ZXh0bWFpbA==
[root@localhost ~]# service postfix restart （重启一下）
[root@localhost ~]# telnet localhost 25
Trying 127.0.0.1...
Connected to localhost.localdomain (127.0.0.1).
Escape character is '^]'.
220 yiyou.org ESMTP Mail System
ehlo test.com
250-mail.yiyou.org
250-PIPELINING
250-SIZE 14680064
250-VRFY
250-ETRN
250-AUTH LOGIN PLAIN
250-AUTH=LOGIN PLAIN
250-ENHANCEDSTATUSCODES
250-8BITMIME
250 DSN
auth login
334 VXNlcm5hbWU6
cG9zdG1hc3RlckBleHRtYWlsLm9yZw==
334 UGFzc3dvcmQ6
ZXh0bWFpbA==
这里会验证失败!下面会给出解决方案

A、配置apache
修改/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf，将下面的选项改为：
User vuser
Group vgroup
在文件最后输入：Include /etc/httpd/conf.d/extmail.conf

[root@localhost ~]# cd /etc/httpd/conf.d/
[root@localhost conf.d]# vim extmail.conf
输入下面的内容：
Alias /extman/cgi/ /var/www/extsuite/extman/cgi/
Alias /extman /var/www/extsuite/extman/html/
<Location "/extman/cgi">
SetHandler cgi-script
Options +ExecCGI
</Location>
# config for ExtMail
Alias /extmail/cgi/ /var/www/extsuite/extmail/cgi/
Alias /extmail /var/www/extsuite/extmail/html/
<Location "/extmail/cgi">
SetHandler cgi-script
Options +ExecCGI
</Location>
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /var/www/extsuite
[root@localhost ~]# tar zxf extmail-1.2.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# cp -r extmail-1.2 /var/www/extsuite/extmail
[root@localhost ~]# cp -r extman-1.1 /var/www/extsuite/extman
B、配置extmail参数
[root@localhost ~]# cd /var/www/extsuite/extmail/
[root@localhost extmail]# cp webmail.cf.default webmail.cf
修改webmail.cf 下面的选项
SYS_SESS_DIR = /tmp/extmail
SYS_MAILDIR_BASE = /home/domains
SYS_MYSQL_USER = extmail
SYS_MYSQL_PASS = extmail
C、配置extman参数
[root@localhost extmail]# cd /var/www/extsuite/extman/
修改webman.cf 下面的选项：
SYS_MAILDIR_BASE = /home/domains
D、创建session 目录
[root@localhost extman]# mkdir /tmp/{extman,extmail}
[root@localhost extman]# chown vuser:vgroup /tmp/ext*

E、配置后台日志分析工具
[root@localhost addon]# cd /var/www/extsuite/extman/addon/
[root@localhost addon]# cp -r mailgraph_ext /usr/local/
将下面的内容加入/etc/rc.local
/usr/local/mailgraph_ext/mailgraph-init start &
/var/www/extsuite/extman/daemon/cmdserver --daemon &
安装所依懒的软件包
[root@localhost mailgraph_ext]# yum -y install rrdtool perl-rrdtool perl-GD perl-File-Tail perl-Unix-Syslog

F、启动后台进程

[root@localhost mailgraph_ext]# /usr/local/mailgraph_ext/mailgraph-init start
Starting mail statistics grapher: mailgraph_ext

G、访问extmail/extman
打开浏览器，输入http://your_ip_address/extmail 注意：your_ip_address 为你实际的ip
第一个测试用户为：postmaster 密码：extmail 域：extmail

打开浏览器，输入http://your_ip_address/extman
extman root 用户为：root@extmail.org 密码为：extmail*123*
注意：进入系统后要修改密码及找回密码的提示问题、答案。

11.安装dspam clamd
yum install clamd dspam*
进入mysql
create database dspam;
grant all on dspam.* to dspam@localhost identified by 'dspam';
cd /usr/share/dspam/sql/mysql/
修改mysql_objects-4.1.sql   virtual_users.sql，在两个文件前添加 use dspam；
mysql -u dspam -p< mysql_objects-4.1.sql
mysql -u dspam -p< virtual_users.sql
crontab -e
0 0 * * * /usr/bin/mysql -u dspam -p'dspam' dspam < /usr/share/dspam/sql/mysql/purge-4.1.sql
0 0 * * * /usr/bin/dspam_logrotate -a 30 -d /var/spool/dspam/data
修改/etc/dspam/dspam.conf
MySQLServer             /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
MySQLUser               dspam
MySQLPass               dspam
MySQLDb                 dspam
MySQLCompress           true
MySQLUIDInSignature        on
ClamAVPort                3310   //开启clamd
ClamAVHost                127.0.0.1
ClamAVResponse        spam
ServerPID              /var/run/dspam.pid
ServerMode auto
ServerParameters        "--user dspam --deliver=innocent,spam"
ServerDomainSocketPath "/tmp/dspam.sock"
DeliveryHost        127.0.0.1
DeliveryPort        10026
DeliveryIdent       localhost
DeliveryProto       SMTP
ParseToHeaders on
ChangeModeOnParse on
ChangeUserOnParse full

vi /etc/postfix/master.cf
smtp      inet         n       -       n       -       -        smtpd
To：
smtp      inet         n       -       n       -       -        smtpd
-o content_filter=lmtp:unix:/tmp/dspam.sock(-o 前面有三个空格)

lmtp      unix -       -       n       -       -       lmtp

127.0.0.1:10026 inet    n    -    n    -    -    smtpd
-o content_filter=
-o local_recipient_maps=
-o relay_recipient_maps=
-o smtpd_restriction_classes=
-o smtpd_helo_restrictions=
-o smtpd_sender_restrictions=
-o smtpd_recipient_restrictions=permit_mynetworks,reject
-o mynetworks=127.0.0.0/8
-o strict_rfc821_envelopes=yes
-o smtpd_error_sleep_time=0
-o smtpd_soft_error_limit=1001
-o smtpd_hard_error_limit=1000
-o receive_override_options=no_unknown_recipient_checks,no_header_body_checks
配置dspam web 在/usr/share/dspam/webui/cgi-bin
vi admins
添加admin

[root@localhost ~]#htpasswd -c .htpasswd admin
xx
xx
/etc/init.d/dspam-webd start
[root@localhost ~]#chkconfig --level 345 dspamd on
[root@localhost ~]#chmod -R 777 /usr/share/dspam
[root@localhost ~]#service dspamd start
至此，整个postfix算是安装完毕。重启计算机，访问：http://your ip/extmail/就能直接访问了。

解决smtp验证问题

May 9 20:42:49 mail postfix/smtpd[2536]: warning: unknown[ip]: SASL LOGIN authentication failed: authentication failure

现象：
本地extmail能正常登陆并发送邮件出去。通过telnet登陆出现错误：

SASL LOGIN authentication failed: authentication failure

通过foxmail,php的smtp类登陆同样报此错。

分析：

查看验证配置文件：

cat /usr/lib/sasl2/smtpd.conf
pwcheck_method: authdaemond
log_level: 3
mech_list: PLAIN LOGIN
authdaemond_path:/var/spool/authdaemon/socket

且 /var/spool/authdaemon/socket 文件存在，权限为

srwxrwxrwx 1 daemon daemon 0 Apr 30 15:44 /var/spool/authdaemon/socket

也正常啊，难道本地的exmail不走验证机制？

/usr/local/sbin/authtest -s login x@xok.la pass

这里的验证通过了。怪怪。。

仔细想了下这次邮局的配置，与以前大不同的是使用了不少RPM，减少编译过程。所以把怀疑对象定在了cyrus-sasl。

rpm -qa|grep cyrus-sasl

发现没有cyrus-sasl，于是

yum install cyrus-sasl

重新启动postfix,再次测试登陆。依然失败。

saslauthd -v
authentication mechanisms: getpwent kerberos5 pam rimap shadow ldap

支持的验证机制方法里怎么没有authdaemond。。看来RPM的默认是没有。。

解决：
下载二进制cyrus-sasl包编译。

tar zvfx cyrus-sasl-2.1.22.tar.gz
cd cyrus-sasl-2.1.22
export LDFLAGS="-lpthread"
./configure --with-mysql --enable-anon --enable-plain --enable-login --disable-krb4 --disable-otp --disable-cram --disable-digest --disable-gssapi --with-pam --with-authdaemond

make
make install

rm -rf /usr/lib/sasl
rm -rf /usr/lib/sasl2
ln -s /usr/local/lib/sasl2 /usr/lib/

#为了让postfix能找到sasl,请运行如下命令:

echo "/usr/local/lib" >> /etc/ld.so.conf
ldconfig

cat > /usr/lib/sasl2/smtpd.conf <<EOT
pwcheck_method: authdaemond
log_level: 3
mech_list: PLAIN LOGIN
authdaemond_path:/var/spool/authdaemon/socket
EOT

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