Linux命令：dnsmasq

1 需求

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2 语法

Usage: dnsmasq [options]

Valid options are:
-a, --listen-address=ipaddr         Specify local address(es) to listen on.
-A, --address=/domain/ipaddr        Return ipaddr for all hosts in specified domains.
-b, --bogus-priv                    Fake reverse lookups for RFC1918 private address ranges.
-B, --bogus-nxdomain=ipaddr         Treat ipaddr as NXDOMAIN (defeats Verisign wildcard).
-c, --cache-size=cachesize          Specify the size of the cache in entries (defaults to 150).
-C, --conf-file=path                Specify configuration file (defaults to /etc/dnsmasq.conf).
-d, --no-daemon                     Do NOT fork into the background: run in debug mode.
-D, --domain-needed                 Do NOT forward queries with no domain part.
-e, --selfmx                        Return self-pointing MX records for local hosts.
-E, --expand-hosts                  Expand simple names in /etc/hosts with domain-suffix.
-f, --filterwin2k                   Don't forward spurious DNS requests from Windows hosts.
-F, --dhcp-range=ipaddr,ipaddr,time Enable DHCP in the range given with lease duration.
-g, --group=groupname               Change to this group after startup (defaults to dip).
-G, --dhcp-host=<hostspec>          Set address or hostname for a specified machine.
    --dhcp-hostsfile=<filename>     Read DHCP host specs from file
    --dhcp-optsfile=<filename>      Read DHCP option specs from file
-h, --no-hosts                      Do NOT load /etc/hosts file.
-H, --addn-hosts=path               Specify a hosts file to be read in addition to /etc/hosts.
-i, --interface=interface           Specify interface(s) to listen on.
-I, --except-interface=int          Specify interface(s) NOT to listen on.
-j, --dhcp-userclass=<tag>,<class>  Map DHCP user class to tag.
    --dhcp-circuitid=<tag>,<circuit>Map RFC3046 circuit-id to tag.
    --dhcp-remoteid=<tag>,<remote>  Map RFC3046 remote-id to tag.
    --dhcp-subscrid=<tag>,<remote>  Map RFC3993 subscriber-id to tag.
-J, --dhcp-ignore==<id>[,<id>]      Don't do DHCP for hosts with tag set.
    --dhcp-broadcast==<id>[,<id>]   Force broadcast replies for hosts with tag set.
-k, --keep-in-foreground            Do NOT fork into the background, do NOT run in debug mode.
-K, --dhcp-authoritative            Assume we are the only DHCP server on the local network.
-l, --dhcp-leasefile=path           Specify where to store DHCP leases (defaults to /data/misc/dhcp/dnsmasq.leases).
-L, --localmx                       Return MX records for local hosts.
-m, --mx-host=host_name,target,pref Specify an MX record.
-M, --dhcp-boot=<bootp opts>        Specify BOOTP options to DHCP server.
-n, --no-poll                       Do NOT poll /etc/resolv.conf file, reload only on SIGHUP.
-N, --no-negcache                   Do NOT cache failed search results.
-o, --strict-order                  Use nameservers strictly in the order given in /etc/resolv.conf.
-O, --dhcp-option=<optspec>         Specify options to be sent to DHCP clients.
    --dhcp-option-force=<optspec>   DHCP option sent even if the client does not request it.
-p, --port=number                   Specify port to listen for DNS requests on (defaults to 53).
-P, --edns-packet-max=<size>        Maximum supported UDP packet size for EDNS.0 (defaults to 1280).
-q, --log-queries                   Log DNS queries.
-Q, --query-port=number             Force the originating port for upstream DNS queries.
-R, --no-resolv                     Do NOT read resolv.conf.
-r, --resolv-file=path              Specify path to resolv.conf (defaults to /etc/resolv.conf).
-S, --server=/domain/ipaddr         Specify address(es) of upstream servers with optional domains.
    --local=/domain/                Never forward queries to specified domains.
-s, --domain=<domain>[,<range>]     Specify the domain to be assigned in DHCP leases.
-t, --mx-target=host_name           Specify default target in an MX record.
-T, --local-ttl=time                Specify time-to-live in seconds for replies from /etc/hosts.
    --neg-ttl=time                  Specify time-to-live in seconds for negative caching.
-u, --user=username                 Change to this user after startup. (defaults to nobody).
-U, --dhcp-vendorclass=<id>,<class> Map DHCP vendor class to tag.
-v, --version                       Display dnsmasq version and copyright information.
-V, --alias=addr,addr,mask          Translate IPv4 addresses from upstream servers.
-W, --srv-host=name,target,...      Specify a SRV record.
-w, --help                          Display this message. Use --help dhcp for known DHCP options.
-x, --pid-file=path                 Specify path of PID file (defaults to /var/run/dnsmasq.pid).
-X, --dhcp-lease-max=number         Specify maximum number of DHCP leases (defaults to 150).
-y, --localise-queries              Answer DNS queries based on the interface a query was sent to.
-Y, --txt-record=name,txt....       Specify TXT DNS record.
    --ptr-record=name,target        Specify PTR DNS record.
    --interface-name=name,interface Give DNS name to IPv4 address of interface.
-z, --bind-interfaces               Bind only to interfaces in use.
-1, --enable-dbus                   Enable the DBus interface for setting upstream servers, etc.
-2, --no-dhcp-interface=interface   Do not provide DHCP on this interface, only provide DNS.
-3, --bootp-dynamic[=<id>[,<id>]]   Enable dynamic address allocation for bootp.
-4, --dhcp-mac=<id>,<mac address>   Map MAC address (with wildcards) to option set.
    --bridge-interface=iface,alias,.Treat DHCP requests on aliases as arriving from interface.
-5, --no-ping                       Disable ICMP echo address checking in the DHCP server.
-6, --dhcp-script=path              Script to run on DHCP lease creation and destruction.
-7, --conf-dir=path                 Read configuration from all the files in this directory.
-8, --log-facility=<facilty>|<file> Log to this syslog facility or file. (defaults to DAEMON)
-9, --leasefile-ro                  Do not use leasefile.
-0, --dns-forward-max=<queries>     Maximum number of concurrent DNS queries. (defaults to 150)
    --clear-on-reload               Clear DNS cache when reloading /etc/resolv.conf.
    --dhcp-ignore-names[=<id>[,<id>]Ignore hostnames provided by DHCP clients.
    --dhcp-no-override              Do NOT reuse filename and server fields for extra DHCP options.
    --enable-tftp                   Enable integrated read-only TFTP server.
    --tftp-root=<directory>         Export files by TFTP only from the specified subtree.
    --tftp-unique-root              Add client IP address to tftp-root.
    --tftp-secure                   Allow access only to files owned by the user running dnsmasq.
    --tftp-max=<connections>        Maximum number of conncurrent TFTP transfers (defaults to #).
    --tftp-no-blocksize             Disable the TFTP blocksize extension.
    --tftp-port-range=<start>,<end> Ephemeral port range for use by TFTP transfers.
    --log-dhcp                      Extra logging for DHCP.
    --log-async[=<log lines>]       Enable async. logging; optionally set queue length.
    --stop-dns-rebind               Stop DNS rebinding. Filter private IP ranges when resolving.
    --all-servers                   Always perform DNS queries to all servers.
    --dhcp-match=<netid>,<optspec>  Set tag if client includes matching option in request.
    --dhcp-alternate-port[=<ports>] Use alternative ports for DHCP.
    --dhcp-scriptuser=<username>    Run lease-change script as this user.
    --naptr-record=<name>,<naptr>   Specify NAPTR DNS record.
    --min-port=<port>               Specify lowest port available for DNS query transmission.
    --dhcp-fqdn                     Use only fully qualified domain names for DHCP clients.
    --cname=<alias>,<target>        Specify alias name for LOCAL DNS name.
    --pxe-prompt=<prompt>,[<timeout>Prompt to send to PXE clients.
    --pxe-service=<service>         Boot service for PXE menu.
    --listen-mark                   Socket mark to use for listen sockets.
    --test                          Check configuration syntax.

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3 示例

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4 参考资料