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如何在JavaScript中使用when()有条件地更改值

华昕
2023-12-01

30 Seconds of Code is a brilliant collection of JavaScript snippets, digestible in ≤ 30 seconds. Anyone looking to master JavaScript should go through the entire thing.

30秒的代码是精妙JavaScript片段集合,可在≤30秒内消化。 任何想要精通JavaScript的人都应该仔细研究整个过程。

Inspired by Ramda, I contributed when() to 30secondsofcode’s official GitHub repo. This is one my favorite functions.

Ramda的启发,我将when()贡献给30secondsofcode的官方GitHub存储库 。 这是我最喜欢的功能之一。

when() takes 3 parameters:

when()采用3个参数:

  1. pred: A predicate function (must return true or false)

    pred :谓词函数(必须返回truefalse )

  2. whenTrue: A function to run if pred returns true.

    whenTrue :如果pred返回true运行的函数。

  3. A value: x.

    值: x

Here’s the most basic implementation:

这是最基本的实现:

when = (pred, whenTrue, x) => {
  if (pred(x)) {
    return whenTrue(x);
  } else {
    return x;
  }
};

Which you can shorten to:

您可以将其缩短为:

when = (pred, whenTrue, x) => (pred(x) ? whenTrue(x) : x);

Let’s say we want to triple even numbers

假设我们想将偶数增加三倍

when((x) => x % 2 === 0, (x) => x * 3, 2);
// 6

We got 6 because 2 is an even number. What if we pass 11?

我们得到6是因为2是偶数。 如果我们通过11怎么办?

when((x) => x % 2 === 0, (x) => x * 3, 11);
// 11

更进一步 (A Step Further)

when currently needs all 3 parameters at once–what if we could supply just the first 2, and give x later on?

当前when需要同时使用所有3个参数-如果我们可以仅提供前两个参数,然后再给出x ,该怎么办?

when = (pred, whenTrue) => (x) => (pred(x) ? whenTrue(x) : x);

This version’s what I submitted to 30secondsofcode.org. Now our code’s more flexible.

这个版本是我提交给30secondsofcode.org的版本 。 现在我们的代码更加灵活。

tripleEvenNums = when((x) => x % 2 === 0, (x) => x * 3);

tripleEvenNums(20); // 60
tripleEvenNums(21); // 21
tripleEvenNums(22); // 66

甚至更远 (Even Further Beyond)

We can pass x later because when(pred, whenTrue) returns a function expecting x. What if we curry when()?

我们可以稍后传递x因为when(pred, whenTrue)返回一个期望x的函数。 如果我们咖喱when()怎么办?

If you’re new to currying see my article on it.

如果您是新手,请参阅我的文章

A curried function doesn’t need all its parameters at once. You can supply some and get a function that takes the rest, allowing for powerful patterns.

咖喱函数不需要一次所有的参数。 您可以提供一些功能,并获得剩下的功能,以实现强大的模式。

一个愚蠢的例子 (A Silly Example)

Imagine we have two lists of people, both contain a guy named Bobo.

想象一下,我们有两个人名单,每个人都包含一个名叫Bobo

Bobo wants a nickname for each list.

Bobo希望为每个列表起一个昵称。

  • If we find Bobo in list 1, change his name to B Money.

    如果我们在列表1中找到BoboBobo他的名字更改为B Money

  • If we find Bobo in list 2, change his name to Bo-bob.

    如果我们在列表2中找到BoboBobo其名称更改为Bo-bob

Currying when allows us to easily write a function for each concern.

Curing when允许我们轻松地为每个关注点编写一个函数。

If you’re following along, here’s a curry function from 30secondsofcode.org.

如果您正在遵循,这里是30secondsofcode.org中curry函数。

curry = (fn, arity = fn.length, ...args) =>
  arity <= args.length ? fn(...args) : curry.bind(null, fn, arity, ...args);

We’ll need a predicate to find Bobo.

我们需要一个谓词才能找到Bobo

isBobo = (person) => person.name === 'Bobo';

To keep our functions pure, we’ll need a way to immutably change a person’s name.

为了保持功能纯净,我们需要一种不变地更改人名的方法。

changeName = (newName, obj) => ({
  ...obj,
  name: newName
});

Let’s also curry it so we can supply just newName.

我们还要对其进行咖喱处理,以便仅提供newName

changeName = curry((newName, obj) => ({
  ...obj,
  name: newName
}));

Here’s our lists.

这是我们的清单。

list1 = [
  {
    name: 'Bobo',
    id: 1,
    iq: 9001
  },
  {
    name: 'Jaime',
    id: 2,
    iq: 9000
  },
  {
    name: 'Derek',
    id: 3,
    iq: 8999
  }
];

list2 = [
  {
    name: 'Sam',
    id: 1,
    iq: 600
  },
  {
    name: 'Bobo',
    id: 2,
    iq: 9001
  },
  {
    name: 'Peter',
    id: 3,
    iq: 8
  }
];

Let’s map over list1.

让我们映射到list1

doIfBobo = when(isBobo);
renameToBMoney = changeName('B Money');

list1.map(doIfBobo(renameToBMoney));

Our result:

我们的结果:

[
  {
    name: 'B Money',
    id: 1,
    iq: 9001
  },
  {
    name: 'Jaime',
    id: 2,
    iq: 9000
  },
  {
    name: 'Derek',
    id: 3,
    iq: 8999
  }
];

Because of when, we only changed Bobo and ignored everyone else!

由于when ,我们只换了Bobo而忽略了其他所有人!

Now map over list2.

现在映射到list2

renameToBoBob = changeName('Bo-bob');

list2.map(doIfBobo(renameToBoBob));
Our result:

[{
  "name": "Sam",
  "id": 1,
  "iq": 600
},
 {
 "name": "Bo-bob",
   "id": 2,
   "iq": 9001**
 },
 {
   "name": "Peter",
   "id": 3,
   "iq": 8
 }
];

Looks good to me! We gave Bobo his nicknames without affecting anyone else.

在我看来很好! 我们给了Bobo他的昵称,却没有影响到其他人。

If you’re further interested, consider these links:

如果您进一步感兴趣,请考虑以下链接:

翻译自: https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/30-seconds-of-code-conditionally-change-values-with-when-732b09e46334/

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