Knockoutjs 的Components 是一种自定义的组件,它以一种强大、简介的方式将你自己的ui代码组织成一种单独的、可重用的模块,自定义的组件(Component)有以下特点:
ko.components.register('like-widget', {
viewModel: function(params) {
// Data: value is either null, 'like', or 'dislike'
this.chosenValue = params.value;
// Behaviors
this.like = function() { this.chosenValue('like'); }.bind(this);
this.dislike = function() { this.chosenValue('dislike'); }.bind(this);
},
template:
'<div class="like-or-dislike" data-bind="visible: !chosenValue()">\
<button data-bind="click: like">Like it</button>\
<button data-bind="click: dislike">Dislike it</button>\
</div>\
<div class="result" data-bind="visible: chosenValue">\
You <strong data-bind="text: chosenValue"></strong> it\
</div>'
});
通常情况下,你需要引入外部文件来加载viewModel和模板,而不是像上面这样写到同一个文件里。稍后我们讲解怎么以引入外部文件的方式加载viewModel和template。
<ul data-bind="foreach: products">
<li class="product">
<strong data-bind="text: name"></strong>
<like-widget params="value: userRating"></like-widget>
</li>
</ul>
function Product(name, rating) {
this.name = name;
this.userRating = ko.observable(rating || null);
}
function MyViewModel() {
this.products = [
new Product('Garlic bread'),
new Product('Pain au chocolat'),
new Product('Seagull spaghetti', 'like') // This one was already 'liked'
];
}
ko.applyBindings(new MyViewModel());
ko.components.register('like-or-dislike', {
viewModel: { require: 'files/component-like-widget' },
template: { require: 'text!files/component-like-widget.html' }
});
需要的文件:
files/component-like-widget.js
和
files/component-like-widget.html
。你是不是发现,这比直接在组件的定义里面包含viewModel和template要整洁、方便很多。
define(['knockout'], function(ko) {
function LikeWidgetViewModel(params) {
this.chosenValue = params.value;
}
LikeWidgetViewModel.prototype.like = function() {
this.chosenValue('like');
};
LikeWidgetViewModel.prototype.dislike = function() {
this.chosenValue('dislike');
};
return LikeWidgetViewModel;
});
files/component-like-widget.html code:
<div class="like-or-dislike" data-bind="visible: !chosenValue()">
<button data-bind="click: like">Like it</button>
<button data-bind="click: dislike">Dislike it</button>
</div>
<div class="result" data-bind="visible: chosenValue">
You <strong data-bind="text: chosenValue"></strong> it.
And this was loaded from an external file.
</div>
下面是源码:
view :
<ul data-bind="foreach: products">
<li class="product">
<strong data-bind="text: name"></strong>
<like-or-dislike params="value: userRating"></like-or-dislike>
</li>
</ul>
<button data-bind="click: addProduct">Add a product</button>
function Product(name, rating) {
this.name = name;
this.userRating = ko.observable(rating || null);
}
function MyViewModel() {
this.products = ko.observableArray(); // Start empty
}
MyViewModel.prototype.addProduct = function() {
var name = 'Product ' + (this.products().length + 1);
this.products.push(new Product(name));
};
ko.applyBindings(new MyViewModel());
Knockoutjs源出处:http://knockoutjs.com/documentation/component-overview.html