SpringBoot Security整合JWT授权RestAPI

李兴为

2023-12-01

本教程主要详细讲解SpringBoot Security整合JWT授权RestAPI。

基础环境

技术	版本
Java	1.8+
SpringBoot	2.x.x
Security	5.x
JWT	0.9.0

创建项目

初始化项目

mvn archetype:generate -DgroupId=com.edurt.sli.slisj -DartifactId=spring-learn-integration-security-jwt -DarchetypeArtifactId=maven-archetype-quickstart -Dversion=1.0.0 -DinteractiveMode=false

修改pom.xml增加security和jwt的支持

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">

    <parent>
        <artifactId>spring-learn-integration-security</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.edurt.sli</groupId>
        <version>1.0.0</version>
    </parent>

    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>spring-learn-integration-security-jwt</artifactId>

    <name>SpringBoot Security整合JWT授权RestAPI</name>

    <properties>
        <system.java.version>1.8</system.java.version>
        <plugin.maven.compiler.version>3.3</plugin.maven.compiler.version>
        <dependency.springboot2.common.version>2.0.3.RELEASE</dependency.springboot2.common.version>
        <dependency.lombok.version>1.18.6</dependency.lombok.version>
        <dependency.jwt.version>0.9.0</dependency.jwt.version>
        <dependency.jackson.version>2.9.9</dependency.jackson.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            <version>${dependency.springboot2.common.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
            <version>${dependency.springboot2.common.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId>
            <artifactId>jjwt</artifactId>
            <version>${dependency.jwt.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>${dependency.lombok.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
            <version>${dependency.jackson.version}</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>${dependency.springboot2.common.version}</version>
                <configuration>
                    <fork>true</fork>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>${plugin.maven.compiler.version}</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>${system.java.version}</source>
                    <target>${system.java.version}</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

spring-boot-starter-security启动spring security安全框架
jjwt启动spring security jwt框架支持

一个简单的应用类

/**
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
 * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
 * distributed with this work for additional information
 * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
 * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
 * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 * <p>
 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 * <p>
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
package com.edurt.sli.slisj;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

/**
 * <p> SpringBootSecurityJwtIntegration </p>
 * <p> Description : SpringBootSecurityJwtIntegration </p>
 * <p> Author : qianmoQ </p>
 * <p> Version : 1.0 </p>
 * <p> Create Time : 2019-11-26 20:45 </p>
 * <p> Author Email: <a href="mailTo:shichengoooo@163.com">qianmoQ</a> </p>
 */
@SpringBootApplication
@Component(value = "com.edurt.sli.slisj")
public class SpringBootSecurityJwtIntegration {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(SpringBootSecurityJwtIntegration.class, args);
    }
    
}

配置 JWT

在/src/main/java/com/edurt/sli/slisj目录下创建config目录,并在该目录下新建jwt目录,在该目录下新建JwtTokenTemplate工具模板

/**
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
 * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
 * distributed with this work for additional information
 * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
 * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
 * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 * <p>
 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 * <p>
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
package com.edurt.sli.slisj.config.jwt;

import io.jsonwebtoken.Claims;
import io.jsonwebtoken.Jwts;
import io.jsonwebtoken.SignatureAlgorithm;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.User;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.time.Instant;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * <p> JwtTokenTemplate </p>
 * <p> Description : JwtTokenTemplate </p>
 * <p> Author : qianmoQ </p>
 * <p> Version : 1.0 </p>
 * <p> Create Time : 2019-11-26 20:49 </p>
 * <p> Author Email: <a href="mailTo:shichengoooo@163.com">qianmoQ</a> </p>
 */
@Component
public class JwtTokenTemplate implements Serializable {

    private static final String CLAIM_KEY_USERNAME = "sub";

    private static final long EXPIRATION_TIME = 432000000;

    private static final String SECRET = "secret";

    public String generateToken(UserDetails userDetails) {
        Map<String, Object> claims = new HashMap<>(16);
        claims.put(CLAIM_KEY_USERNAME, userDetails.getUsername());
        return Jwts.builder()
                .setClaims(claims)
                .setExpiration(new Date(Instant.now().toEpochMilli() + EXPIRATION_TIME))
                .signWith(SignatureAlgorithm.HS512, SECRET)
                .compact();
    }

    public Boolean validateToken(String token, UserDetails userDetails) {
        User user = (User) userDetails;
        String username = getUsernameFromToken(token);
        return (username.equals(user.getUsername()) && !isTokenExpired(token));
    }

    public Boolean isTokenExpired(String token) {
        Date expiration = getExpirationDateFromToken(token);
        return expiration.before(new Date());
    }

    public String getUsernameFromToken(String token) {
        String username = getClaimsFromToken(token).getSubject();
        return username;
    }

    public Date getExpirationDateFromToken(String token) {
        Date expiration = getClaimsFromToken(token).getExpiration();
        return expiration;
    }

    private Claims getClaimsFromToken(String token) {
        Claims claims = Jwts.parser()
                .setSigningKey(SECRET)
                .parseClaimsJws(token)
                .getBody();
        return claims;
    }

}

在jwt该目录下新建JwtTokenFilter过滤器

/**
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
 * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
 * distributed with this work for additional information
 * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
 * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
 * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 * <p>
 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 * <p>
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
package com.edurt.sli.slisj.config.jwt;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken;
import org.springframework.security.core.context.SecurityContextHolder;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.WebAuthenticationDetailsSource;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter;

import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

/**
 * <p> JwtTokenFilter </p>
 * <p> Description : JwtTokenFilter </p>
 * <p> Author : qianmoQ </p>
 * <p> Version : 1.0 </p>
 * <p> Create Time : 2019-11-26 20:49 </p>
 * <p> Author Email: <a href="mailTo:shichengoooo@163.com">qianmoQ</a> </p>
 */
@Component
public class JwtTokenFilter extends OncePerRequestFilter {

    public static final String HEADER_STRING = "Authorization";

    @Autowired
    private UserDetailsService userDetailsService;

    @Autowired
    private JwtTokenTemplate jwtTokenTemplate;

    @Override
    protected void doFilterInternal(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws ServletException, IOException {
        String token = request.getHeader(HEADER_STRING);
        if (null != token) {
            String username = jwtTokenTemplate.getUsernameFromToken(token);
            if (username != null && SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication() == null) {
                UserDetails userDetails = this.userDetailsService.loadUserByUsername(username);
                if (jwtTokenTemplate.validateToken(token, userDetails)) {
                    UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken authentication = new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(
                            userDetails, null, userDetails.getAuthorities());
                    authentication.setDetails(new WebAuthenticationDetailsSource().buildDetails(
                            request));
                    SecurityContextHolder.getContext().setAuthentication(authentication);
                }
            }
        }
        chain.doFilter(request, response);
    }

}

配置Security

在config目录下新建JwtSecurityConfig文件

/**
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
 * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
 * distributed with this work for additional information
 * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
 * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
 * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 * <p>
 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 * <p>
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
package com.edurt.sli.slisj.config;

import com.edurt.sli.slisj.config.jwt.JwtTokenFilter;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.http.HttpMethod;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.AuthenticationManager;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.authentication.builders.AuthenticationManagerBuilder;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableWebSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.security.config.http.SessionCreationPolicy;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.bcrypt.BCryptPasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.PasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter;

/**
 * <p> JwtSecurityConfig </p>
 * <p> Description : JwtSecurityConfig </p>
 * <p> Author : qianmoQ </p>
 * <p> Version : 1.0 </p>
 * <p> Create Time : 2019-11-26 20:46 </p>
 * <p> Author Email: <a href="mailTo:shichengoooo@163.com">qianmoQ</a> </p>
 */
@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
public class JwtSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

    @Autowired
    private UserDetailsService userDetailsService;

    @Autowired
    public void configureGlobal(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
        auth.userDetailsService(userDetailsService).passwordEncoder(passwordEncoder());
    }

    @Bean
    public PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {
        return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
    }

    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        http.csrf().disable()
                .sessionManagement().sessionCreationPolicy(SessionCreationPolicy.STATELESS).and()
                .authorizeRequests()
                .antMatchers(HttpMethod.OPTIONS, "/**").permitAll()
                .antMatchers("/auth/login").permitAll()
                .anyRequest().authenticated();
        http.addFilterBefore(authenticationTokenFilterBean(), UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.class);
        http.headers().cacheControl();
    }

    @Bean
    public JwtTokenFilter authenticationTokenFilterBean() {
        return new JwtTokenFilter();
    }

    @Bean
    @Override
    public AuthenticationManager authenticationManagerBean() throws Exception {
        return super.authenticationManagerBean();
    }

}

在config目录下新建JwtUserDetailsService文件

/**
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
 * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
 * distributed with this work for additional information
 * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
 * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
 * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 * <p>
 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 * <p>
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
package com.edurt.sli.slisj.config;

import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.User;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UsernameNotFoundException;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import java.util.ArrayList;

/**
 * <p> JwtUserDetailsService </p>
 * <p> Description : JwtUserDetailsService </p>
 * <p> Author : qianmoQ </p>
 * <p> Version : 1.0 </p>
 * <p> Create Time : 2019-11-26 20:54 </p>
 * <p> Author Email: <a href="mailTo:shichengoooo@163.com">qianmoQ</a> </p>
 */
@Service
public class JwtUserDetailsService implements UserDetailsService {

    @Override
    public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String userName) throws UsernameNotFoundException {
        if (userName.equals("admin")) {
            return new User("admin", "$2a$10$slYQmyNdGzTn7ZLBXBChFOC9f6kFjAqPhccnP6DxlWXx2lPk1C3G6",
                    new ArrayList<>());
        }
        return null;
    }

}

在resources资源目录下创建一个application.properties的配置文件,内容如下

server.port=8989

创建授权参数

在/src/main/java/com/edurt/sli/slisj目录下创建param目录,并在该目录下新建JwtParam文件

/**
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
 * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
 * distributed with this work for additional information
 * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
 * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
 * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 * <p>
 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 * <p>
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
package com.edurt.sli.slisj.param;

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import lombok.ToString;

/**
 * <p> JwtParam </p>
 * <p> Description : JwtParam </p>
 * <p> Author : qianmoQ </p>
 * <p> Version : 1.0 </p>
 * <p> Create Time : 2019-11-26 20:59 </p>
 * <p> Author Email: <a href="mailTo:shichengoooo@163.com">qianmoQ</a> </p>
 */
@Data
@ToString
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class JwtParam {

    private String username;
    private String password;

}

创建授权接口

在/src/main/java/com/edurt/sli/slisj目录下创建controller目录,并在该目录下新建HelloJwtController文件

/**
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
 * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
 * distributed with this work for additional information
 * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
 * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
 * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 * <p>
 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 * <p>
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
package com.edurt.sli.slisj.controller;

import com.edurt.sli.slisj.config.JwtUserDetailsService;
import com.edurt.sli.slisj.config.jwt.JwtTokenTemplate;
import com.edurt.sli.slisj.param.JwtParam;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.AuthenticationManager;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken;
import org.springframework.security.core.Authentication;
import org.springframework.security.core.AuthenticationException;
import org.springframework.security.core.context.SecurityContextHolder;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;

/**
 * <p> HelloJwtController </p>
 * <p> Description : HelloJwtController </p>
 * <p> Author : qianmoQ </p>
 * <p> Version : 1.0 </p>
 * <p> Create Time : 2019-11-26 20:58 </p>
 * <p> Author Email: <a href="mailTo:shichengoooo@163.com">qianmoQ</a> </p>
 */
@RestController
@RequestMapping(value = "auth")
public class HelloJwtController {

    @Autowired
    private JwtTokenTemplate jwtTokenTemplate;

    @Autowired
    private AuthenticationManager authenticationManager;

    @Autowired
    private JwtUserDetailsService userDetailsService;

    @PostMapping(value = "login")
    public String login(@RequestBody JwtParam body) throws AuthenticationException {
        UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken authenticationToken = new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(body.getUsername(), body.getPassword());
        Authentication authentication = authenticationManager.authenticate(authenticationToken);
        SecurityContextHolder.getContext().setAuthentication(authentication);
        UserDetails userDetails = userDetailsService.loadUserByUsername(body.getUsername());
        return jwtTokenTemplate.generateToken(userDetails);
    }

    @GetMapping(value = "hello")
    public String hello() {
        return "Hello Jwt!!!";
    }

}

校验授权

在控制台输入以下命令(未授权时)

curl -X GET 'http://localhost:8989/auth/hello'

会出现以下错误信息

{
    "timestamp": "2019-11-26T13:05:05.204+0000",
    "status": 403,
    "error": "Forbidden",
    "message": "Access Denied",
    "path": "/auth/hello"
}

提示我们未授权,这时我们使用/auth/login去获得授权的token

curl -X POST 'http://127.0.0.1:8989/auth/login' --header 'Content-Type: application/json' -d '{"username": "admin", "password": "password"}'

返回以下token信息

eyJhbGciOiJIUzUxMiJ9.eyJzdWIiOiJhZG1pbiIsImV4cCI6MTU3NTIwNTg4OH0.zc3JTsIHIZSmi-hrgCB1AKrrjVWtnWB4YJjOhzml2k9qRdTGdoDYKM1XriQIAInvIrTDDkpozT4Ny58Wcpm4JA

这时我们使用返回的token进行访问/auth/hello接口获取数据

curl -X GET 'http://127.0.0.1:8989/auth/hello' --header 'Authorization: eyJhbGciOiJIUzUxMiJ9.eyJzdWIiOiJhZG1pbiIsImV4cCI6MTU3NTIwNTg4OH0.zc3JTsIHIZSmi-hrgCB1AKrrjVWtnWB4YJjOhzml2k9qRdTGdoDYKM1XriQIAInvIrTDDkpozT4Ny58Wcpm4JA'

返回以下信息

Hello Jwt!!!

此时我们已经完成JWT授权配置

打包文件部署

打包数据

mvn clean package -Dmaven.test.skip=true -X

运行打包后的文件即可

java -jar target/spring-learn-integration-security-jwt-1.0.0.jar

SpringBoot Security整合JWT授权RestAPI

基础环境

创建项目

配置 JWT

配置Security

创建授权参数

创建授权接口

校验授权

打包文件部署

源码地址

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