ObjectMapper详细介绍，真的就这么简单

简介

ObjectMapper类(com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper)是Jackson的主要类，它可以帮助我们快速的进行各个类型和Json类型的相互转换。

使用

1、引入Jackson的依赖

<!-- 根据自己需要引入相关版本依赖。 -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
  <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
  <version>2.9.10</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
  <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
  <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
  <version>2.9.10</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
  <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
  <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
  <version>2.9.10</version>
</dependency>

2、ObjectMapper的常用配置

private static final ObjectMapper mapper;

public static ObjectMapper getObjectMapper(){
    return this.mapper;
}

static{
    //创建ObjectMapper对象
    mapper = new ObjectMapper()

    //configure方法 配置一些需要的参数
    // 转换为格式化的json 显示出来的格式美化
    mapper.enable(SerializationFeature.INDENT_OUTPUT);

   //序列化的时候序列对象的那些属性  
   //JsonInclude.Include.NON_DEFAULT 属性为默认值不序列化 
   //JsonInclude.Include.ALWAYS      所有属性
   //JsonInclude.Include.NON_EMPTY   属性为 空（“”） 或者为 NULL 都不序列化 
   //JsonInclude.Include.NON_NULL    属性为NULL 不序列化
   mapper.setSerializationInclusion(JsonInclude.Include.ALWAYS);  

   
    //反序列化时,遇到未知属性会不会报错 
    //true - 遇到没有的属性就报错 false - 没有的属性不会管，不会报错
    mapper.configure(DeserializationFeature.FAIL_ON_UNKNOWN_PROPERTIES, false);

    //如果是空对象的时候,不抛异常  
    mapper.configure(SerializationFeature.FAIL_ON_EMPTY_BEANS, false);  

    // 忽略 transient 修饰的属性
    mapper.configure(MapperFeature.PROPAGATE_TRANSIENT_MARKER, true);

    //修改序列化后日期格式
    mapper.configure(SerializationFeature.WRITE_DATES_AS_TIMESTAMPS, false);  
    mapper.setDateFormat(new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"));

   //处理不同的时区偏移格式
   mapper.disable(SerializationFeature.WRITE_DATES_AS_TIMESTAMPS);
   mapper.registerModule(new JavaTimeModule());

}

3、ObjectMapper的常用方法

a.json字符串转对象

ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
String jsonString = "{\"name\":\"Hyl\", \"age\":20}";

//将字符串转换为对象
Student student = mapper.readValue(jsonString, Student.class);
System.out.println(student);

//将对象转换为json字符串
jsonString = mapper.writeValueAsString(student);
System.out.println(jsonString);


结果：
Student [ name: Hyl, age: 20 ]

{
  "name" : "Hyl",
  "age" : 20
}

b. 数组和对象之间转换

//对象转为byte数组
byte[] byteArr = mapper.writeValueAsBytes(student);
System.out.println(byteArr);


//byte数组转为对象
Student student= mapper.readValue(byteArr, Student.class);
System.out.println(student);

结果：
[B@3327bd23

Student [ name: Hyl, age: 20 ]

c. 集合和json字符串之间转换

List<Student> studentList= new ArrayList<>();
studentList.add(new Student("hyl1" ,20 , new Date()));
studentList.add(new Student("hyl2" ,21 , new Date()));
studentList.add(new Student("hyl3" ,22 , new Date()));
studentList.add(new Student("hyl4" ,23 , new Date()));

String jsonStr = mapper.writeValueAsString(studentList);
System.out.println(jsonStr);
        
List<Student> studentList2 = mapper.readValue(jsonStr, List.class);
System.out.println("字符串转集合：" + studentList2 );

结果：
[ {
  "name" : "hyl1",
  "age" : 20,
  "sendTime" : 1525164212803
}, {
  "name" : "hyl2",
  "age" : 21,
  "sendTime" : 1525164212803
}, {
  "name" : "hyl3",
  "age" : 22,
  "sendTime" : 1525164212803
}, {
  "name" : "hyl4",
  "age" : 23,
  "sendTime" : 1525164212803
} ]
[{name=hyl1, age=20, sendTime=1525164212803}, {name=hyl2, age=21, sendTime=1525164212803}, {name=hyl3, age=22, sendTime=1525164212803}, {name=hyl4, age=23, sendTime=1525164212803}]

d. map和json字符串之间转换

Map<String, Object> testMap = new HashMap<>();
testMap.put("name", "22");
testMap.put("age", 20);
testMap.put("date", new Date());
testMap.put("student", new Student("hyl", 20, new Date()));


String jsonStr = mapper.writeValueAsString(testMap);
System.out.println(jsonStr);
Map<String, Object> testMapDes = mapper.readValue(jsonStr, Map.class);
System.out.println(testMapDes);

结果：
{
  "date" : 1525164212803,
  "name" : "22",
  "student" : {
    "name" : "hyl",
    "age" : 20,
    "sendTime" : 1525164212803,
    "intList" : null
  },
  "age" : 20
}
{date=1525164212803, name=22, student={name=hyl, age=20, sendTime=1525164212803, intList=null}, age=20}

e. 日期转json字符串

// 修改时间格式
mapper.setDateFormat(new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"));
Student student = new Student ("hyl",21, new Date());
student.setIntList(Arrays.asList(1, 2, 3));

String jsonStr = mapper.writeValueAsString(student);
System.out.println(jsonStr);

结果：
{
  "name" : "hyl",
  "age" : 21,
  "sendTime" : "2020-07-23 13:14:36",
  "intList" : [ 1, 2, 3 ]
}

js中将字符串转换为json对象

var data = "{\"name\":\"Hyl\", \"age\":20}";
var student = eval(data);
console.info(student.name);
console.info(student.age);


结果：
Hyl
20