Java使用cucumber完成component-test

Java中可以使用cucumber来进行业务逻辑的测试。可以参考链接：

https://cucumber.io/docs/cucumber/

首先新建一个maven项目：

添加依赖：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>hellocucumber</groupId>
    <artifactId>hellocucumber</artifactId>
    <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    </properties>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>io.cucumber</groupId>
                <artifactId>cucumber-bom</artifactId>
                <version>7.5.0</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.junit</groupId>
                <artifactId>junit-bom</artifactId>
                <version>5.9.0</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.cucumber</groupId>
            <artifactId>cucumber-java</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.cucumber</groupId>
            <artifactId>cucumber-junit-platform-engine</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.junit.platform</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit-platform-suite</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit-jupiter</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.10.1</version>
                <configuration>
                    <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
                    <source>1.8</source>
                    <target>1.8</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.0.0-M7</version>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

再test-java目录下新建包hellocucumber。新建测试配置类：

package hellocucumber;

import org.junit.platform.suite.api.ConfigurationParameter;
import org.junit.platform.suite.api.IncludeEngines;
import org.junit.platform.suite.api.SelectClasspathResource;
import org.junit.platform.suite.api.Suite;

import static io.cucumber.junit.platform.engine.Constants.PLUGIN_PROPERTY_NAME;

@Suite
@IncludeEngines("cucumber")
@SelectClasspathResource("hellocucumber")
@ConfigurationParameter(key = PLUGIN_PROPERTY_NAME, value = "pretty")
public class RunCucumberTest {
}

在test-resources下新建文件夹hellocucumber，新建第一个场景测试example.feature：

Feature: An example

  Scenario: The example
    Given an example scenario
    When all step definitions are implemented
    Then the scenario passes

新建对应的测试代码：

package hellocucumber;

import io.cucumber.java.en.*;

import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;

public class StepDefinitions {

    int age;

    @Given("an example scenario")
    public void anExampleScenario() {
        System.out.println("this is the given");
        age = 1;
    }

    @When("all step definitions are implemented")
    public void allStepDefinitionsAreImplemented() {
        if (age == 1) {
            age = 2;
        } else {
            age = 3;
        }
    }

    @Then("the scenario passes")
    public void theScenarioPasses() {
        if (age == 2) {
            System.out.println("ok");
        } else {
            System.out.println("error");
        }

    }

}

PS：

如果大家使用IDEA，可以使用插件，cucumber-for-java 来辅助。实际的项目中，我们使用的是cucumber-js，而不是cucumber-java，因为java写这个确实啰嗦，而且写完的代码是需要给测试review的，所以选择使用js写。

可以参考官方的入门文档：

https://cucumber.io/docs/guides/10-minute-tutorial/?lang=java