Face Databases
钱澄邈
介绍了人脸识别中常用的人脸库
Richard's MIT databaseCVL Database
The Psychological Image Collection at Stirling
Labeled Faces in the Wild
The MUCT Face Database
The Yale Face Database B
The Yale Face Database
PIE Database
The UMIST Face Database
Olivetti - Att - ORL
The Japanese Female Facial Expression (JAFFE) Database
The Human Scan Database
The University of Oulu Physics-Based Face Database
Databases with over 100 unique individuals in them
| Name: | AR Face Database | |
| Color Images: | Yes | |
| Image Size: | 576 x 768 | |
| Number of unique people: | 126; 70 Male, 56 Female | |
| Number of pictures per person: | 26 | |
| Different Conditions: | All frontal views of: neutral expression, smile, anger, scream, left light on, right light on, all sides lights on, wearing sun glasses, wearing sun glassses and left light on, wearing sun glasses and right light on, wearing scarf, wearing scarf and left light on, wearing scarf and right light on; second sessions repeated same conditions. | |
| Citation reference: | A.M. Martinez and R. Benavente. The AR Face Database. CVC Technical Report #24, June 1998 | |
| Available: | Yes |
| Name: | Richard's MIT database | |
| Color Images: | Yes | |
| Image Size: | 480 x 640 | |
| Number of unique people: | 154; 82 Male, 74 Female | |
| Number of pictures per person: | 6 | |
| Different Conditions: | 2 frontal, profile, and 3/4 view - also some additional pictures of students wearing makeup | |
| Available: | Yes |
| Name: | CVL Database | |
| Color Images: | Yes | |
| Image Size: | 640 x 480 | |
| Number of unique people: | 114; 108 Male, 6 Female | |
| Number of pictures per person: | 7 | |
| Different Conditions: | profile left/right, 45 degrees left/right, frontal, frontal smile, frontal smile with teeth | |
| Citation reference: | Franc Solina, Peter Peer, Borut Batagelj, Samo Juvan, Jure Kovac, "Color-based face detection in the "15 seconds of fame" art installation", In: Mirage 2003, Conference on Computer Vision / Computer Graphics Collaboration for Model-based Imaging, Rendering, image Analysis and Graphical special Effects, March 10-11 2003, INRIA Rocquencourt, France, Wilfried Philips, Rocquencourt, INRIA, 2003, pp. 38-47. | |
| Available : | Yes |
| Name: | The Psychological Image Collection at Stirling (PICS) | |
| Note: | The Psychological Image Collection at Stirling contains a number of databases, below are listed the four largest ones. | |
| Citation reference: | Not sure - contact Peter Hancock (pjbh1@stir.ac.uk) to find out who to reference | |
| Available : | Yes |
| Name: | notingham scans | |
| Color Images: | No | |
| Image Size: | 438 x 538 | |
| Number of unique people: | 100; 50 Male, 50 Female | |
| Number of pictures per person: | 1 | |
| Different Conditions: | All frontal views |
| Name: | aberdeen | |
| Color Images: | Yes | |
| Image Size: | 432 x 528 | |
| Number of unique people: | 116 | |
| Number of pictures per person: | Ranges from 1 to around 18, there is a total of 690 image in the database | |
| Different Conditions: | All frontal view, two main differences in lighting and some expression variation |
| Name: | nott-faces-originals | |
| Color Images: | No | |
| Image Size: | 288 x 384 | |
| Number of unique people: | around 100 - almost all male | |
| Number of pictures per person: | 7 | |
| Different Conditions: | Mostly frontal, a few profile |
| Name: | notingham scans | |
| Color Images: | No | |
| Image Size: | 438 x 538 | |
| Number of unique people: | 100; 50 Male, 50 Female | |
| Number of pictures per person: | 1 | |
| Different Conditions: | All frontal views |
| Name: | Stirling_faces | |
| Color Images: | No | |
| Image Size: | 280 x 365 | |
| Number of unique people: | 36; 18 Males, 18 Females | |
| Number of pictures per person: | ~9 | |
| Different Conditions: | Frontal and profile views |
| Name: | Labeled Faces in the Wild | |
| Color Images: | Yes | |
| Image Size: | 150 x 150 | |
| Number of unique people: | 13,233 | |
| Number of pictures per person: | Varies, but 1,680 individuals with more than 1 image | |
| Different Conditions: | Un-posed photos, but mainly frontal views | |
| Citation reference: | Gary B. Huang, Manu Ramesh, Tamara Berg, and Erik Learned-Miller. Labeled Faces in the Wild: A Database for Studying Face Recognition in Unconstrained Environments. University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Technical Report 07-49, October, 2007. | |
| Available : | Free download from website |
| Name: | The MUCT Face Database | |
| Color Images: | Yes | |
| Image Size: | 480 x 640 | |
| Number of unique people: | 276 | |
| Number of pictures per person: | 10 to 15 | |
| Different Conditions: | frontal and three-quarter views, different lighting sets, manual landmarks | |
| Citation reference: | S. Milborrow, J. Morkel, and F. Nicolls. The MUCT Landmarked Face Database. PRASA. 2010. | |
| Available : | Yes |
Databases with less than 100 unique individuals in them
| Name: | The Yale Face Database B | |
| Color Images: | No | |
| Image Size: | 640 x 480 | |
| Number of unique people: | 10 | |
| Number of pictures per person: | 576 | |
| Different Conditions: | 9 poses x 64 illumination conditions | |
| Citation reference: | Georghiades, A.S. and Belhumeur, P.N. and Kriegman, D.J. From Few to Many: Illumination Cone Models for Face Recognition under Variable Lighting and Pose. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intelligence 23(6):643-660 (2001). | |
| Available : | Yes - facial marker points also available |
| Name: | The Yale Face Database | |
| Color Images: | No | |
| Image Size: | 320 x 243 | |
| Number of unique people: | 15 | |
| Number of pictures per person: | 11 | |
| Different Conditions: | center-light, w/glasses, happy, left-light, w/no glasses, normal, right-light, sad, sleepy, surprised, wink | |
| Citation reference: | P. N. Bellhumer, J. Hespanha, and D. Kriegman. Eigenfaces vs. fisherfaces: Recognition using class specific linear projection. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, Special Issue on Face Recognition, 17(7):711--720, 1997. | |
| Available : | Yes |
| Name: | PIE Database | |
| Color Images: | Yes | |
| Image Size: | 640 x 486 | |
| Number of unique people: | 68 | |
| Number of pictures per person: | A lot (40GB total) - we have a subset of one picture per individual | |
| Different Conditions: | 13 different poses, 43 different illumination conditions, and with 4 different expressions. | |
| Citation reference: | The CMU Pose, Illumination, and Expression Database T. Sim, S. Baker, and M. Bsat IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, Vol. 25, No. 12, December, 2003 | |
| Available : | Subset (one picture of each individual); to get the whole database (40GB) send a hard drive to simonb@cs.cmu.edu |
| Name: | The UMIST Face Database | |
| Color Images: | No | |
| Image Size: | 220 x 220 | |
| Number of unique people: | 20 | |
| Number of pictures per person: | From around 19 to 36 | |
| Different Conditions: | Various angles from left profile to right profile. | |
| Citation reference: | TCharacterizing Virtual Eigensignatures for General Purpose Face Recognition. Daniel B Graham and Nigel M Allinson. Face Recognition: From Theory to Applications, NATO ASI Series F, Computer and Systems Sciences, Vol. 163. H. Wechsler, P. J. Phillips, V. Bruce, F. Fogelman-Soulie and T. S. Huang (eds), pp 446-456, 1998. | |
| Available : | Yes |
| Name: | Olivetti - Att - ORL | |
| Color Images: | No | |
| Image Size: | 92 x 112 | |
| Number of unique people: | 40 | |
| Number of pictures per person: | 10 | |
| Different Conditions: | All frontal and slight tilt of the head | |
| Citation reference: | Ferdinando Samaria, Andy Harter. Parameterisation of a Stochastic Model for Human Face Identification. Proceedings of 2nd IEEE Workshop on Applications of Computer Vision, Sarasota FL, December 1994 | |
| Available : | Yes |
| Name: | The Japanese Female Facial Expression (JAFFE) Database | |
| Color Images: | No | |
| Image Size: | 256 x 256 | |
| Number of unique people: | 10 | |
| Number of pictures per person: | 7 | |
| Different Conditions: | 7 different emotional facial expressions | |
| Citation reference: | Coding Facial Expressions with Gabor Wavelets Michael J. Lyons, Shigeru Akamatsu, Miyuki Kamachi & Jiro Gyoba Proceedings, Third IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition, April 14-16 1998, Nara Japan, IEEE Computer Society, pp. 200-205. | |
| Available : | Yes |
| Name: | The Human Scan Database | |
| Color Images: | No | |
| Image Size: | 384 x 286 | |
| Number of unique people: | 23 | |
| Number of pictures per person: | around 66 on average | |
| Different Conditions: | mainly frontal views, a bunch random different photos of different people | |
| Citation reference: | O. Jesorsky, K. Kirchberg, R. Frischholz.Robust Face Detection Using the Hausdorff Distance. In J. Bigun and F. Smeraldi, editors, Audio and Video based Person Authentication - AVBPA 2001, pages 90-95. Springer, 2001. | |
| Available : | Yes - facial points also available |
Databases that cost money
| Name: | The University of Oulu Physics-Based Face Database | |
| Color Images: | Yes | |
| Image Size: | 428 x 569 | |
| Number of unique people: | 125 | |
| Number of pictures per person: | 16 | |
| Different Conditions: | All frontal images: 16 different camera calibration and illuminations | |
| Citation reference: | E. Marszalec, B. Martinkauppi, M. Soriano, M. Pietik鋓nen (2000), 'A physics-based face database for color research', Journal of Electronic Imaging Vol. 9 No. 1 pp. 32-38. | |
| Available : | No - Cost $50, email Prof. Matti Pietikainen (mkp@ee.oulu.fi) |
| Name: | XM2VTSDB | |
| Color Images: | Yes | |
| Image Size: | 576 x 720 | |
| Number of unique people: | 295 | |
| Number of pictures per person: | Depends on database purchased - 4 in frontal database; 4 of both left/right profile in profile database | |
| Different Conditions: | frontal, profile, VRML modles, speech, and more, see website | |
| Citation reference: | K Messer, J Matas, J Kittler, J Luettin, and G maitre. Xm2vtsdb: The extended m2vts database. In Second International Conference of Audio and Video-based Biometric Person Authentication, March 1999 | |
| Available : | No: costs a fair amount to purchase - Frontal Image Set = $153, Side Profile Image Set = $229.5 |
Other useful links
Computer Vision Test Images - a page with links to other sites with more imagesIrfan View - a great image viewer that has useful conversion and renaming utilities
数据来源：http://web.mit.edu/emeyers/www/face_databases.html#yaleB
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