.NET--Glossary

原文

The primary goal of this glossary is to clarify meanings of selected terms and acronyms that appear frequently in the .NET documentation without definitions.

AOT

Ahead-of-time compiler.

Similar to JIT, this compiler also translates IL to machine code. In contrast to JIT compilation, AOT compilation happens before the application is executed and is usually performed on a different machine. Because AOT tool chains don’t compile at runtime, they don’t have to minimize time spent compiling. That means they can spend more time optimizing. Since the context of AOT is the entire application, the AOT compiler also performs cross-module linking and whole-program analysis, which means that all references are followed and a single executable is produced.

ASP.NET

The original ASP.NET implementation that ships with the .NET Framework.

Sometimes ASP.NET is an umbrella term that refers to both ASP.NET implementations including ASP.NET Core. The meaning that the term carries in any given instance is determined by context. Refer to ASP.NET 4.x when you want to make it clear that you’re not using ASP.NET to mean both implementations.

See ASP.NET documentation.

ASP.NET Core

A cross-platform, high-performance, open source implementation of ASP.NET built on .NET Core.

See ASP.NET Core documentation.

assembly

A .dll/.exe file that can contain a collection of APIs that can be called by apps or other assemblies.

An assembly may include types such as interfaces, classes, structures, enumerations, and delegates. Assemblies in a project’s bin folder are sometimes referred to as binaries. See also library.

CLR

Common Language Runtime.

The exact meaning depends on the context, but this usually refers to the runtime of the .NET Framework. The CLR handles memory allocation and management. The CLR is also a virtual machine that not only executes apps but also generates and compiles code on-the-fly using a JIT compiler. The current Microsoft CLR implementation is Windows only.

CoreCLR

.NET Core Common Language Runtime.

This CLR is built from the same code base as the CLR. Originally, CoreCLR was the runtime of Silverlight and was designed to run on multiple platforms, specifically Windows and OS X. CoreCLR is now part of .NET Core and represents a simplified version of the CLR. It’s still a cross platform runtime, now including support for many Linux distributions. CoreCLR is also a virtual machine with JIT and code execution capabilities.
#翻译
这个术语表的主要目标是澄清在.NET文档中频繁出现的没有定义的选定术语和缩略词的含义。

AOT

超前编译程序。

类似于JIT，编译器也将IL转换为机器代码。与JIT编译不同，AOT编译发生在应用程序执行之前，并且通常在不同的机器上执行。因为AOT工具链在运行时不编译，它们不必将编译的时间减到最少。这意味着他们可以花更多的时间来优化。因为AOT的上下文是整个应用程序，所以AOT编译器还执行跨模块链接和全程序分析，这意味着所有引用都遵循，并且生成单个可执行文件。

ASP.NET

使用.NETFramework的原始ASP.NET实现。

有时ASP.NET是一个保护词，指的是ASP.NET实现，包括ASP.NET核心。术语在任何给定的实例中携带的含义是由上下文决定的。当你想明确说明你没有使用ASP.NET来表示这两种实现时，请参阅ASP.NET 4。
参见ASP.NET文档。

ASP.NET核心

一个跨平台、高性能、开源的ASP.NET .NET内核的实现。
参见ASP.NET核心文档。

装配

一个DLL/.exe文件，可以包含可由应用程序或其他程序集调用的API集合。
程序集可以包括接口、类、结构、枚举和委托等类型。项目Bin文件夹中的程序集有时被称为二进制文件。也见图书馆。

CLR

公共语言运行时。

确切的含义取决于上下文，但这通常是指.NET框架的运行时。CLR处理内存分配和管理。CLR也是一个虚拟机，它不仅执行应用程序，而且使用JIT编译器动态生成和编译代码。当前的微软CLR实现仅为Windows。

CoreCLR

.NET核心公共语言运行库。

这个CLR是由与CLR相同的代码库构建的。最初，CoreCLR是Silverlight的运行时，它被设计为在多个平台上运行，具体地说，Windows和OS X. CoreCLR现在是.Net核心的一部分，并代表CLR的简化版本。它仍然是跨平台运行时，现在包括对许多Linux发行版的支持。CoreCLR也是一个具有JIT和代码执行功能的虚拟机。

不懂词汇

单词	意思		单词	意思		单词	意思
acronyms	首字母缩略词		frequently	频繁地		appear	出现
documentation	文档		definitions	定义		terms	条款
Ahead-of-time	超前		compiler	编译程序		Similar	相似的
contrast	对比		application	应用		performed	表演
chains	链		compile	编译		minimize	减少
optimizing	优化		context	语境		entire	整个的
application	应用		performs	表演		whole-program analysis	全程序分析
references	参考文献		refers	指		managementvirtual	事实上的
original	起初的		implementation	实施		umbrella	雨伞
current	现在的		instance	实例		determined	确定的
context	语境		contain	包含		collection	收集
(API)Application Programming Interface	（API）应用程序编程接口		assemblies	组件		structures	结构
enumerations	列举		delegates	代表们		folder	文件夹
referred	援引的		Common Language Runtime	公共语言运行时		exact	准确的
depends on	取决于		handles	把手		allocation	分配

A cross-platform, high-performance, open source implementation of ASP.NET built on .NET Core.
一个跨平台、高性能、开源的ASP.NET .NET内核的实现。
the CLR is also a virtual machine that not only executes apps but also generates and compiles code on-the-fly using a JIT compiler.
CLR也是一个虚拟机，它不仅执行应用程序，而且使用JIT编译器动态生成和编译代码。
Sometimes ASP.NET is an umbrella term that refers to both ASP.NET implementations including ASP.NET Core.
有时ASP.NET是一个保护词，指的是包括ASP.NET核心在内的ASP.NET实现。

总结

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