betrothal gifts
- 2021年4月30日，英语考核之TED演讲稿。
- 自选主题：彩礼（betrothal gifts）
彩礼相关信息
彩礼是中国古代婚嫁习俗之一，又称订亲财礼、聘礼、聘财等。
古代的彩礼
- 中国旧时婚姻的缔结，有在婚姻约定初步达成时互相赠送聘金、聘礼的习俗，这种聘金、聘礼俗称“彩礼”。
- 在古代的订婚仪式上，男方家庭会以订婚男子的名义送给女方一份由寓意喜庆的物品构成的“彩礼”。女方家庭收受彩礼后，也会赠送男方价值相当的财物，称作“回礼”。女方出嫁时，娘家会在彩礼的基础上增添多倍的财物随女方嫁至夫家，称为“嫁妆”。
现代的彩礼
- 在新中国成立之后的一段时间，彩礼和与彩礼相关的订婚和婚约都受到了批判，曾一度被废止，但在民间始终顽强存在。
- 现代：在某些地域、某些家庭，彩礼被赋予了太多的物质含义，甚至成为沉重的负担，失去了本意。
- 如果是索要“天价彩礼”等，就是违反了中华人民共和国婚姻法第一章总则中的第三条：“禁止包办、买卖婚姻和其他干涉婚姻自由的行为。
- 2004年4月1日实施的最高人民法院《关于适用中华人民共和国婚姻法若干问题的解释二》第十条规定：“当事人请求返还按照习俗给付的彩礼的，如果查明属于以下情形，人民法院应当予以支持：（一）双方未办理结婚登记手续的；（二）双方办理结婚登记手续但确未共同生活的；（三）婚前给付并导致给付人生活困难的。适用前款第（二）、（三）项的规定，应当以双方离婚为条件。
- 2018年12月，针对婚俗陋习，民政部要求，要鼓励和推广传统婚礼，积极倡导和组织举办集体婚礼、纪念婚礼、慈善婚礼等格调高雅、内涵丰富、特色突出、文明节俭的婚礼形式。反对利用婚姻敛财，抵制天价彩礼、铺张浪费、低俗婚闹、随礼攀比等不正之风，推进社会风气好转。
案例：彩礼贷
时间：2021年3月26日
人物：九江银行股份有限公司
事件：一张关于九江银行“彩礼贷”的宣传海报在网络上传开了引来了网友们的热议。
Jiujiang bank plans to increase “betrothal gifts loan” business, which has attracted heated discussion
九江银行拟增加“彩礼贷”业务，引来热议
On March 23, 2021, a poster about “betrothal gift loan” of Jiujiang bank spread on the Internet, which caused heated discussion among netizens.
2021年3月23日，九江银行的一张关于“彩礼贷”的宣传海报在网上传开，引发网友热议。
According to the content in the picture, the loan business can borrow up to 300000 yuan, and can borrow for up to one year, with the annual interest rate as low as 4.9%. The money can be used to buy cars, household electrical appliances or travel.
图中内容称，该贷款业务最多可以借30万元，最长可以借1年，年利率低至4.9%。这些钱可以用来买车、家电或者去旅行。
However, there are application conditions for this business; according to the description, applicants need to be over 22 years old, have a continuous working time of no less than 12 months, and only one of the couples needs to be an employee of a government agency.
然而，该业务有申请条件限制；根据描述，申请人需要22岁以上，连续工作时间不少于12个月，而且情侣中只要有一个是政府机构的员工。
This poster caused intense discussion, and many people thought it was a fan of bad habits in society. “California Loan” seems to solve the personal pain point of “unable to get married”, but in fact it is strengthening this social bad habit.
这张海报引起了激烈的讨论，很多人认为这是对社会陋习的煽风点火。“彩礼贷”看似解决了个人“结不起婚”的痛点，实际上却是在强化这种社会陋习。
CCTV published an article commenting that lottery gift loans should be curbed, not guided.
央视网发表文章评论，彩礼贷应该受到遏制，而不是引导。
On the evening of March 18, 2021, Jiujiang bank issued a statement of apology, expressing their deep regret for the Internet hot discussion caused by the recently issued “betrothal gifts loan”.
2021年3月18日晚，九江银行发表致歉声明，对于近日发行的“彩礼贷”引起的网络热议，他们深表歉意。
TED演讲稿
新闻热点引出主题
On March 23, 2021, a poster about “betrothal gift loan” of Jiujiang bank spread on the Internet, which caused heated discussion among netizens.
2021年3月23日，九江银行的一张关于“彩礼贷”的宣传海报在网上传开，引发网友热议。
According to the content in the picture, the loan business can borrow up to 300000 yuan, and can borrow for up to one year, with the annual interest rate as low as 4.9%. The money can be used to buy cars, household electrical appliances or travel.
图中内容称，该贷款业务最多可以借30万元，最长可以借1年，年利率低至4.9%。这些钱可以用来买车、家电或者去旅行。
This poster caused intense discussion, and many people thought it was a fan of bad habits in society. “California Loan” seems to solve the personal pain point of “unable to get married”, but in fact it is strengthening this social bad habit.
这张海报引起了激烈的讨论，很多人认为这是对社会陋习的煽风点火。“彩礼贷”看似解决了个人“结不起婚”的痛点，实际上却是在强化这种社会陋习。
彩礼常识介绍
When I saw this news for the first time, I thought it was crazy, but then I found that it was reasonable.
当我第一次看到这个新闻的时候，我也觉得这有些疯狂，但随后却又觉得这很合理。（转折）
If you are familiar with the history of these traditional cultures, you will know that betrothal gifts loan did not appear recently, it has existed since ancient times.
如果你熟悉这些传统文化的历史的话，你就会知道，彩礼贷并不是最近才出现的，自古有之。
In ancient China, a girl’s marriage was like a business. After marriage, she would live with her husband and never return to her original family. Therefore, it was not cost-effective for a woman’s parents because they had little return for raising a girl. In ancient times of poverty, this will undoubtedly undermine people’s enthusiasm to raise girls.
在中国古代，女孩的出嫁就像一场买卖，出嫁后就会跟着丈夫生活，一般不在回到原本的家庭，因此对于女子的父母来说，这是不划算的，因为他们养育女孩的几乎没有任何回报。而这在贫穷的古代，无疑会打击人们养育女孩的积极性。
In order to solve this problem, the betrothal gift culture gradually developed. When the marriage agreement between men and women is initially reached, the man’s family will present property in line with their own identity. This kind of property is commonly known as “betrothal gift”. The wife’s family will also prepare suitable property to follow her to her husband’s family, which is called “dowry”.
为了解决这个问题，慢慢的，就发展出了彩礼文化，在男女双方在婚姻约定初步达成时，男方家庭会赠送财物符合自己身份的财物，这种这种财物俗称“彩礼”。而女方娘家也会准备合适的财物跟随女方到丈夫的家庭，称为“嫁妆”。
争论点：彩礼是否该废弃
The emergence of these cultural customs is in line with the social environment at that time, but after the development to now, many things have changed, betrothal gifts have gradually become a means of collecting money for some people. There are also cases of cheating betrothal gifts by marriage. After the founding of the people’s Republic of China, betrothal gifts and betrothal engagement related to betrothal gifts were criticized and once abolished, but they always existed among the people.
这些文化习俗的出现是符合当时的社会环境的，但是发展到现在之后，很多东西都变了，彩礼慢慢的变成了一部分人的敛财手段。社会上也出现了利用婚姻诈骗彩礼的事件。在新中国成立之后的一段时间，彩礼和与彩礼相关的订婚和婚约都受到了批判，曾一度被废止，但在民间始终顽强存在。
Many people call for the introduction of laws to prohibit betrothal gifts. However, the reason why betrothal gifts have existed since ancient times is due to its inherent reasons. In my opinion, the core of betrothal gifts is actually the issue of equality between men and women, because there is implicit discrimination against women in those inherited customs, which leads to a series of problems. If men and women are completely equal in people ', Then I don’t think these problems will exist.
很多人都呼吁应该出台法律来禁止彩礼现象，但是彩礼之所以能自古以来就存在，是有它内在的原因的，在我看来，它的核心其实是男女平等问题，因为那些传承习俗中隐含着对女性的歧视，因而导致了这一系列问题，如果在人们的心目中男女都是完全平等的，那么我想这些问题也将不会存在。
It is unreasonable to impose laws to prohibit betrothal gifts, because laws are only the minimum moral requirements for people, and we can not require all people to be moral. Forcing people to abide by these noble morals that are not in line with their character will only backfire and cause unexpected problems.
强行设置法律来禁止彩礼是不合理的，因为法律只是对人的最低道德要求，而我们不能要求所有人都道德高尚。强行让人们去遵守这些不符合他们性格的高尚道德，只会适得其反，引发意想不到的问题。
最后成品
On March 23, 2021, a poster about “betrothal gift loan” of Jiujiang bank spread on the Internet, which caused heated discussion among netizens. According to the content in the picture, the loan business can borrow up to 300000 yuan, and can borrow for up to one year, with the annual interest rate as low as 4.9%. The money can be used to buy cars, household electrical appliances or travel. This poster caused intense discussion, and many people thought it was a fan of bad habits in society. “California Loan” seems to solve the personal pain point of “unable to get married”, but in fact it is strengthening this social bad habit.
When I saw this news for the first time, I thought it was crazy, but then I found that it was reasonable. If you are familiar with the history of these traditional cultures, you will know that betrothal gifts loan did not appear recently, it has existed since ancient times.
In ancient China, a girl’s marriage was like a business. After marriage, she would live with her husband and never return to her original family. Therefore, it was not cost-effective for a woman’s parents because they had little return for raising a girl. In ancient times of poverty, this will undoubtedly undermine people’s enthusiasm to raise girls. In order to solve this problem, the betrothal gift culture gradually developed. When the marriage agreement between men and women is initially reached, the man’s family will present property in line with their own identity. This kind of property is commonly known as “betrothal gift”. The wife’s family will also prepare suitable property to follow her to her husband’s family, which is called “dowry”.
The emergence of these cultural customs is in line with the social environment at that time, but after the development to now, many things have changed, betrothal gifts have gradually become a means of collecting money for some people. There are also cases of cheating betrothal gifts by marriage. After the founding of the people’s Republic of China, betrothal gifts and betrothal engagement related to betrothal gifts were criticized and once abolished, but they always existed among the people. Many people call for the introduction of laws to prohibit betrothal gifts. However, the reason why betrothal gifts have existed since ancient times is due to its inherent reasons. In my opinion, the core of betrothal gifts is actually the issue of equality between men and women, because there is implicit discrimination against women in those inherited customs, which leads to a series of problems. If men and women are completely equal in people ', Then I don’t think these problems will exist.
It is unreasonable to impose laws to prohibit betrothal gifts, because laws are only the minimum moral requirements for people, and we can not require all people to be moral. Forcing people to abide by these noble morals that are not in line with their character will only backfire and cause unexpected problems.