mongodb java中文文档_MongoDB Java

壤驷泓
2023-12-01

MongoDB Java

环境配置

在Java程序中如果要使用MongoDB,你需要确保已经安装了Java环境及MongoDB JDBC 驱动。

你可以参考本站的Java教程来安装Java程序。现在让我们来检测你是否安装了 MongoDB JDBC 驱动。 首先你必须下载mongo jar包,下载地址:https://github.com/mongodb/mongo-java-driver/downloads, 请确保下载最新版本。

你需要将mongo.jar包含在你的 classpath 中。。

连接数据库

连接数据库,你需要指定数据库名称,如果指定的数据库不存在,mongo会自动创建数据库。

连接数据库的Java代码如下: import com.mongodb.MongoClient;

import com.mongodb.MongoException;

import com.mongodb.WriteConcern;

import com.mongodb.DB;

import com.mongodb.DBCollection;

import com.mongodb.BasicDBObject;

import com.mongodb.DBObject;

import com.mongodb.DBCursor;

import com.mongodb.ServerAddress;

import java.util.Arrays;

public class MongoDBJDBC{

public static void main( String args[] ){

try{

// 连接到 mongodb 服务

MongoClient mongoClient = new MongoClient( "localhost" , 27017 );

// 连接到数据库

DB db = mongoClient.getDB( "test" );

System.out.println("Connect to database successfully");

boolean auth = db.authenticate(myUserName, myPassword);

System.out.println("Authentication: "+auth);

}catch(Exception e){

System.err.println( e.getClass().getName() + ": " + e.getMessage() );

}

}

}

现在,让我们来编译运行程序并创建数据库test。

你可以更加你的实际环境改变MongoDB JDBC驱动的路径。

本实例将MongoDB JDBC启动包 mongo-2.10.1.jar 放在本地目录下: $javac MongoDBJDBC.java

$java -classpath ".:mongo-2.10.1.jar" MongoDBJDBC

Connect to database successfully

Authentication: true

如果你使用的是Window系统,你可以按以下命令来编译执行程序: $javac MongoDBJDBC.java

$java -classpath ".;mongo-2.10.1.jar" MongoDBJDBC

Connect to database successfully

Authentication: true

如果用户名及密码正确,则Authentication 的值为true。

创建集合

我们可以使用com.mongodb.DB类中的createCollection()来创建集合

代码片段如下: import com.mongodb.MongoClient;

import com.mongodb.MongoException;

import com.mongodb.WriteConcern;

import com.mongodb.DB;

import com.mongodb.DBCollection;

import com.mongodb.BasicDBObject;

import com.mongodb.DBObject;

import com.mongodb.DBCursor;

import com.mongodb.ServerAddress;

import java.util.Arrays;

public class MongoDBJDBC{

public static void main( String args[] ){

try{

// 连接到 mongodb 服务

MongoClient mongoClient = new MongoClient( "localhost" , 27017 );

// 连接到数据库

DB db = mongoClient.getDB( "test" );

System.out.println("Connect to database successfully");

boolean auth = db.authenticate(myUserName, myPassword);

System.out.println("Authentication: "+auth);

DBCollection coll = db.createCollection("mycol");

System.out.println("Collection created successfully");

}catch(Exception e){

System.err.println( e.getClass().getName() + ": " + e.getMessage() );

}

}

}

编译运行以上程序,输出结果如下: Connect to database successfully

Authentication: true

Collection created successfully

获取集合

我们可以使用com.mongodb.DBCollection类的 getCollection() 方法来获取一个集合

代码片段如下: import com.mongodb.MongoClient;

import com.mongodb.MongoException;

import com.mongodb.WriteConcern;

import com.mongodb.DB;

import com.mongodb.DBCollection;

import com.mongodb.BasicDBObject;

import com.mongodb.DBObject;

import com.mongodb.DBCursor;

import com.mongodb.ServerAddress;

import java.util.Arrays;

public class MongoDBJDBC{

public static void main( String args[] ){

try{

// 连接到 mongodb 服务

MongoClient mongoClient = new MongoClient( "localhost" , 27017 );

// 连接到数据库

DB db = mongoClient.getDB( "test" );

System.out.println("Connect to database successfully");

boolean auth = db.authenticate(myUserName, myPassword);

System.out.println("Authentication: "+auth);

DBCollection coll = db.createCollection("mycol");

System.out.println("Collection created successfully");

DBCollection coll = db.getCollection("mycol");

System.out.println("Collection mycol selected successfully");

}catch(Exception e){

System.err.println( e.getClass().getName() + ": " + e.getMessage() );

}

}

}

编译运行以上程序,输出结果如下: Connect to database successfully

Authentication: true

Collection created successfully

Collection mycol selected successfully

插入文档

我们可以使用com.mongodb.DBCollection类的 insert() 方法来插入一个文档

代码片段如下: import com.mongodb.MongoClient;

import com.mongodb.MongoException;

import com.mongodb.WriteConcern;

import com.mongodb.DB;

import com.mongodb.DBCollection;

import com.mongodb.BasicDBObject;

import com.mongodb.DBObject;

import com.mongodb.DBCursor;

import com.mongodb.ServerAddress;

import java.util.Arrays;

public class MongoDBJDBC{

public static void main( String args[] ){

try{

// 连接到 mongodb 服务

MongoClient mongoClient = new MongoClient( "localhost" , 27017 );

// 连接到数据库

DB db = mongoClient.getDB( "test" );

System.out.println("Connect to database successfully");

boolean auth = db.authenticate(myUserName, myPassword);

System.out.println("Authentication: "+auth);

DBCollection coll = db.getCollection("mycol");

System.out.println("Collection mycol selected successfully");

BasicDBObject doc = new BasicDBObject("title", "MongoDB").

append("description", "database").

append("likes", 100).

append("url", "http://www.shouce.ren/mongodb/").

append("by", "shouce.ren");

coll.insert(doc);

System.out.println("Document inserted successfully");

}catch(Exception e){

System.err.println( e.getClass().getName() + ": " + e.getMessage() );

}

}

}

编译运行以上程序,输出结果如下: Connect to database successfully

Authentication: true

Collection mycol selected successfully

Document inserted successfully

检索所有文档

我们可以使用com.mongodb.DBCollection类中的 find() 方法来获取集合中的所有文档。

此方法返回一个游标,所以你需要遍历这个游标。

代码片段如下: import com.mongodb.MongoClient;

import com.mongodb.MongoException;

import com.mongodb.WriteConcern;

import com.mongodb.DB;

import com.mongodb.DBCollection;

import com.mongodb.BasicDBObject;

import com.mongodb.DBObject;

import com.mongodb.DBCursor;

import com.mongodb.ServerAddress;

import java.util.Arrays;

public class MongoDBJDBC{

public static void main( String args[] ){

try{

// 连接到 mongodb 服务

MongoClient mongoClient = new MongoClient( "localhost" , 27017 );

// 连接到数据库

DB db = mongoClient.getDB( "test" );

System.out.println("Connect to database successfully");

boolean auth = db.authenticate(myUserName, myPassword);

System.out.println("Authentication: "+auth);

DBCollection coll = db.getCollection("mycol");

System.out.println("Collection mycol selected successfully");

DBCursor cursor = coll.find();

int i=1;

while (cursor.hasNext()) {

System.out.println("Inserted Document: "+i);

System.out.println(cursor.next());

i++;

}

}catch(Exception e){

System.err.println( e.getClass().getName() + ": " + e.getMessage() );

}

}

}

编译运行以上程序,输出结果如下: Connect to database successfully

Authentication: true

Collection mycol selected successfully

Inserted Document: 1

{

"_id" : ObjectId(7df78ad8902c),

"title": "MongoDB",

"description": "database",

"likes": 100,

"url": "http://www.shouce.ren/mongodb/",

"by": "shouce.ren"

}

更新文档

你可以使用 com.mongodb.DBCollection 类中的 update() 方法来更新集合中的文档。

代码片段如下: import com.mongodb.MongoClient;

import com.mongodb.MongoException;

import com.mongodb.WriteConcern;

import com.mongodb.DB;

import com.mongodb.DBCollection;

import com.mongodb.BasicDBObject;

import com.mongodb.DBObject;

import com.mongodb.DBCursor;

import com.mongodb.ServerAddress;

import java.util.Arrays;

public class MongoDBJDBC{

public static void main( String args[] ){

try{

// 连接到Mongodb服务

MongoClient mongoClient = new MongoClient( "localhost" , 27017 );

// 连接到你的数据库

DB db = mongoClient.getDB( "test" );

System.out.println("Connect to database successfully");

boolean auth = db.authenticate(myUserName, myPassword);

System.out.println("Authentication: "+auth);

DBCollection coll = db.getCollection("mycol");

System.out.println("Collection mycol selected successfully");

DBCursor cursor = coll.find();

while (cursor.hasNext()) {

DBObject updateDocument = cursor.next();

updateDocument.put("likes","200")

col1.update(updateDocument);

}

System.out.println("Document updated successfully");

cursor = coll.find();

int i=1;

while (cursor.hasNext()) {

System.out.println("Updated Document: "+i);

System.out.println(cursor.next());

i++;

}

}catch(Exception e){

System.err.println( e.getClass().getName() + ": " + e.getMessage() );

}

}

}

编译运行以上程序,输出结果如下: Connect to database successfully

Authentication: true

Collection mycol selected successfully

Document updated successfully

Updated Document: 1

{

"_id" : ObjectId(7df78ad8902c),

"title": "MongoDB",

"description": "database",

"likes": 200,

"url": "http://www.shouce.ren/mongodb/",

"by": "shouce.ren"

}

删除第一个文档

要删除集合中的第一个文档,首先你需要使用com.mongodb.DBCollection类中的 findOne()方法来获取第一个文档,然后使用remove 方法删除。

代码片段如下: import com.mongodb.MongoClient;

import com.mongodb.MongoException;

import com.mongodb.WriteConcern;

import com.mongodb.DB;

import com.mongodb.DBCollection;

import com.mongodb.BasicDBObject;

import com.mongodb.DBObject;

import com.mongodb.DBCursor;

import com.mongodb.ServerAddress;

import java.util.Arrays;

public class MongoDBJDBC{

public static void main( String args[] ){

try{

// 连接到Mongodb服务

MongoClient mongoClient = new MongoClient( "localhost" , 27017 );

// 连接到你的数据库

DB db = mongoClient.getDB( "test" );

System.out.println("Connect to database successfully");

boolean auth = db.authenticate(myUserName, myPassword);

System.out.println("Authentication: "+auth);

DBCollection coll = db.getCollection("mycol");

System.out.println("Collection mycol selected successfully");

DBObject myDoc = coll.findOne();

col1.remove(myDoc);

DBCursor cursor = coll.find();

int i=1;

while (cursor.hasNext()) {

System.out.println("Inserted Document: "+i);

System.out.println(cursor.next());

i++;

}

System.out.println("Document deleted successfully");

}catch(Exception e){

System.err.println( e.getClass().getName() + ": " + e.getMessage() );

}

}

}

编译运行以上程序,输出结果如下: Connect to database successfully

Authentication: true

Collection mycol selected successfully

Document deleted successfully

你还可以使用 save(), limit(), skip(), sort() 等方法来操作MongoDB数据库。

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