iOS学习之-使用ASIHttpRequest调用WebService

乐正辰阳
2023-12-01

工作中,使用iPhone作为已有产品的移动终端,目前做能想到最理想的方式就是恳求产品提供WebService了,还是老习惯,坚决不要零散的代码,继续整理为通用的类,便于拉壮丁快速开发,虽然目前的壮丁就俺一个,hoho

再次利用现有的资源,使用了ASIHttpRequest v1.8.1,因为项目中使用了Windows集成验证,而这个东西正好提供了响应的验证方式,爽歪歪了。

还是那句话:只是单纯的希望,大家都能有共享学习的精神!

再一个,项目都是.Net相关的,在浏览器中访问.Net WebService的asmx文件时,会返回一系列帮助文件,让我们了解这个WebService有几个调用方法,每个方法的入口参数是什么,返回值是什么,这次使用了SOAP1.1的规范。

再再一个,这个类并不完善,WebService某个方法的参数,必须是简单的数据类型,如数值、字符等等,不支持数据集等对象,等以后需要了再完善吧,呵呵。

再再再一个,调用后的响应解析,是另一个课题,不在这里讲啦,预报下,如果响应中包含了.Net的数据集,也是自己写了通用类可以解析滴,嘎嘎。

再再再再一个,保证是最后一个再了,代码里面看到这个 [Constant sharedConstant].P_SYSTEM_URL ,就去看看前一篇文章吧,单例模式实现常量存储,哈哈。



1、先看看调用说明:
自定义WebService访问类,需要使用下面这个字符串作为SOAP请求,通过POST的方式,提交给WebService
<pre class="brush:xml; toolbar: true; auto-links: false;">

POST /iwscooperationws/todocenter.asmx HTTP/1.1
Host: 192.168.1.11
Content-Type: text/xml; charset=utf-8
Content-Length: length
SOAPAction: "http://iws.CP.ws/GetWorkflowToDoCount"

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<soap:Envelope xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/">
  <soap:Body>
    <GetWorkflowToDoCount xmlns="http://iws.CP.ws/">
      <UserName>string</UserName>
    </GetWorkflowToDoCount>
  </soap:Body>
</soap:Envelope>

</pre>

在上述的XML中,可以看到这个asmx提供了一个GetWorkflowToDoCount的方法,其参数是UserName,其中的http://iws.CP.ws/是WebService中自己定义的命名空间。经过对几个WebService的实验发现,除了这几个字符串之外,都是不变的东西,那么这个长长的串串,就复制粘贴留下来,等下一步利用之。



2、.h文件中的声明,注释都放到了.m文件中,这是个人习惯:

<pre class="brush:objc; toolbar: true; auto-links: false;">

+ (ASIHTTPRequest *)getASISOAP11Request:(NSString *) WebURL
                         webServiceFile:(NSString *) wsFile
                           xmlNameSpace:(NSString *) xmlNS
                         webServiceName:(NSString *) wsName
                           wsParameters:(NSMutableArray *) wsParas;

+ (NSString *)getSOAP11WebServiceResponse:(NSString *) WebURL
                           webServiceFile:(NSString *) wsFile
                             xmlNameSpace:(NSString *) xmlNS
                           webServiceName:(NSString *) wsName
                             wsParameters:(NSMutableArray *) wsParas;

+ (NSString *)getSOAP11WebServiceResponseWithNTLM:(NSString *) WebURL
                                   webServiceFile:(NSString *) wsFile
                                     xmlNameSpace:(NSString *) xmlNS
                                   webServiceName:(NSString *) wsName
                                     wsParameters:(NSMutableArray *) wsParas
                                        userName:(NSString *) userName
                                         passWord:(NSString *) passWord;

+ (NSString *)checkResponseError:(NSString *) theResponse;

</pre>

3、.m文件的实现之一,生成ASIHttpRequest请求:
<pre class="brush:objc; toolbar: true; auto-links: false;">

/*
//Mark: 生成SOAP1.1版本的ASIHttp请求
参数 webURL:                远程WebService的地址,不含*.asmx
参数 webServiceFile:        远程WebService的访问文件名,如service.asmx
参数 xmlNS:                    远程WebService的命名空间
参数 webServiceName:        远程WebService的名称
参数 wsParameters:            调用参数数组,形式为[参数1名称,参数1值,参数2名称,参数2值⋯⋯],如果没有调用参数,此参数为nil
*/
+ (ASIHTTPRequest *)getASISOAP11Request:(NSString *) WebURL
                         webServiceFile:(NSString *) wsFile
                           xmlNameSpace:(NSString *) xmlNS
                         webServiceName:(NSString *) wsName
                           wsParameters:(NSMutableArray *) wsParas
{
    //1、初始化SOAP消息体
    NSString * soapMsgBody1 = [[NSString alloc] initWithFormat:
                               @"<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\"?>\n"
                               "<soap:Envelope xmlns:xsi=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance\" \n"
                               "xmlns:xsd=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema\" \n"
                               "xmlns:soap=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/\">\n"
                               "<soap:Body>\n"
                               "<%@ xmlns=\"%@\">\n", wsName, xmlNS];
    NSString * soapMsgBody2 = [[NSString alloc] initWithFormat:
                               @"</%@>\n"
                               "</soap:Body>\n"
                               "</soap:Envelope>", wsName];
    
    //2、生成SOAP调用参数
    NSString * soapParas = [[NSString alloc] init];
    soapParas = @"";
    if (![wsParas isEqual:nil]) {
        int i = 0;
        for (i = 0; i < [wsParas count]; i = i + 2) {
            soapParas = [soapParas stringByAppendingFormat:@"<%@>%@</%@>\n",
                         [wsParas objectAtIndex:i],
                         [wsParas objectAtIndex:i+1],
                         [wsParas objectAtIndex:i]];
        }
    }
    
    //3、生成SOAP消息
    NSString * soapMsg = [soapMsgBody1 stringByAppendingFormat:@"%@%@", soapParas, soapMsgBody2];
    
    //请求发送到的路径
    NSURL * url = [NSURL URLWithString:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@%@", WebURL, wsFile]];
    
    //NSMutableURLRequest *theRequest = [NSMutableURLRequest requestWithURL:url];
    ASIHTTPRequest * theRequest = [ASIHTTPRequest requestWithURL:url];
    NSString *msgLength = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%d", [soapMsg length]];
    
    //以下对请求信息添加属性前四句是必有的,第五句是soap信息。
    [theRequest addRequestHeader:@"Content-Type" value:@"text/xml; charset=utf-8"];
    [theRequest addRequestHeader:@"SOAPAction" value:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@%@", xmlNS, wsName]];
    
    [theRequest addRequestHeader:@"Content-Length" value:msgLength];
    [theRequest setRequestMethod:@"POST"];
    [theRequest appendPostData:[soapMsg dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]];
    
    [theRequest setDefaultResponseEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
    
    return theRequest;
}


</pre>

4、.m文件的实现之二,同步调用WebService请求,返回响应字符串
<pre class="brush:objc; toolbar: true; auto-links: false;">

#pragma mark -
/*
//Mark: 使用SOAP1.1同步调用WebService请求
参数 webURL:                远程WebService的地址,不含*.asmx
参数 webServiceFile:        远程WebService的访问文件名,如service.asmx
参数 xmlNS:                    远程WebService的命名空间
参数 webServiceName:        远程WebService的名称
参数 wsParameters:            调用参数数组,形式为[参数1名称,参数1值,参数2名称,参数2值⋯⋯],如果没有调用参数,此参数为nil
*/
+ (NSString *)getSOAP11WebServiceResponse:(NSString *) WebURL
                           webServiceFile:(NSString *) wsFile
                             xmlNameSpace:(NSString *) xmlNS
                           webServiceName:(NSString *) wsName
                             wsParameters:(NSMutableArray *) wsParas
{
    //创建请求
    ASIHTTPRequest * theRequest = [self getASISOAP11Request:WebURL
                                             webServiceFile:wsFile
                                               xmlNameSpace:xmlNS
                                             webServiceName:wsName
                                               wsParameters:wsParas];
    
    //显示网络请求信息在status bar上
    [ASIHTTPRequest setShouldUpdateNetworkActivityIndicator:YES];
    
    //同步调用
    [theRequest startSynchronous];
    NSError *error = [theRequest error];
    if (!error) {
        return [theRequest responseString];
    }
    else {
        //出现调用错误,则使用错误前缀+错误描述
        return [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@%@", [Constant sharedConstant].G_WEBSERVICE_ERROR, [error localizedDescription]];
    }
}


</pre>

5、.m文件实现之三,同步调用需要Windows集成验证的WebService请求,返回响应字符串:
<pre class="brush:objc; toolbar: true; auto-links: false;">

#pragma mark -
/*
//Mark: 使用SOAP1.1同步调用WebService请求,需提供Windows集成验证的用户名、密码和域
参数 webURL:                远程WebService的地址,不含*.asmx
参数 webServiceFile:        远程WebService的访问文件名,如service.asmx
参数 xmlNS:                    远程WebService的命名空间
参数 webServiceName:        远程WebService的名称
参数 wsParameters:            调用参数数组,形式为[参数1名称,参数1值,参数2名称,参数2值⋯⋯],如果没有调用参数,此参数为nil
参数 userName                用户名--目前来看,不需要输入域信息
参数 passWord                密码
*/
+ (NSString *)getSOAP11WebServiceResponseWithNTLM:(NSString *) WebURL
                                   webServiceFile:(NSString *) wsFile
                                     xmlNameSpace:(NSString *) xmlNS
                                   webServiceName:(NSString *) wsName
                                     wsParameters:(NSMutableArray *) wsParas
                                         userName:(NSString *) userName
                                         passWord:(NSString *) passWord
{
    //创建请求
    ASIHTTPRequest * theRequest = [self getASISOAP11Request:WebURL
                                             webServiceFile:wsFile
                                               xmlNameSpace:xmlNS
                                             webServiceName:wsName
                                               wsParameters:wsParas];
    
    //集成验证NTLM用户名,密码和域设置
    [theRequest setUsername:userName];
    [theRequest setPassword:passWord];
    //[theRequest setDomain:doMain];
    
    //显示网络请求信息在status bar上
    [ASIHTTPRequest setShouldUpdateNetworkActivityIndicator:YES];
    
    //同步调用
    [theRequest startSynchronous];
    NSError *error = [theRequest error];
    if (!error) {
        return [theRequest responseString];
    }
    else {
        //出现调用错误,则使用错误前缀+错误描述
        return [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@%@", [Constant sharedConstant].G_WEBSERVICE_ERROR, [error localizedDescription]];
    }
}

</pre>

6、.m文件实现之四,响应字符串中是否包含错误信息,简单处理了下错误消息的中文显示:
<pre class="brush:objc; toolbar: true; auto-links: false;">

#pragma mark -
/*
//Mark: 检查WebService的Response是否包含错误信息
    如果未包含错误,则返回零长度字符串
    否则返回错误描述
    错误信息格式:错误前缀\n错误描述
*/
+ (NSString *)checkResponseError:(NSString *) theResponse
{
    //检查消息是否包含错误前缀
    if (![theResponse hasPrefix:[Constant sharedConstant].G_WEBSERVICE_ERROR]) {
        return @"";
    }
    else {
        NSMutableString *sTemp = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithString:theResponse];
        //获取错误前缀的范围
        NSRange range=[sTemp rangeOfString:[Constant sharedConstant].G_WEBSERVICE_ERROR];
        //剔除错误前缀
        [sTemp replaceCharactersInRange:range withString:@""];
        
        NSString * errMsg = sTemp;
        //Authentication needed
        if ([sTemp isEqualToString:@"Authentication needed"]) {
            errMsg = @"用户登录失败!";
        }
        //The request timed out
        if ([sTemp isEqualToString:@"The request timed out"]) {
            errMsg = @"访问超时,请检查远程地址等基本设置!";
        }
        //The request was cancelled
        if ([sTemp isEqualToString:@"The request was cancelled"]) {
            errMsg = @"请求被撤销!";
        }
        //Unable to create request (bad url?)
        if ([sTemp isEqualToString:@"Unable to create request (bad url?)"]) {
            errMsg = @"无法创建请求,错误的URL地址!";
        }
        //The request failed because it redirected too many times
        if ([sTemp isEqualToString:@"The request failed because it redirected too many times"]) {
            errMsg = @"请求失败,可能是因为被重定向次数过多!";
        }
        //A connection failure occurred
        if ([sTemp isEqualToString:@"A connection failure occurred"]) {
            errMsg = @"网络连接错误,请检查无线或3G网络设置!";
        }
        
        return errMsg;
    }
}

</pre>

7、开始调用啦:
<pre class="brush:objc; toolbar: true; auto-links: false;">

    //创建WebService的调用参数
    NSMutableArray * wsParas = [[NSMutableArray alloc] initWithObjects:
                                @"UserName", [Constant sharedConstant].P_USER_NAME,
                                nil];
    
    //调用WebService,获取响应
    NSString * theResponse = [WebService getSOAP11WebServiceResponseWithNTLM:[Constant sharedConstant].P_SYSTEM_URL        
                                                              webServiceFile:[Constant sharedConstant].G_WS_TODOCENTER
                                                                xmlNameSpace:[Constant sharedConstant].G_WEBSERVICE_NAMESPACE
                                                              webServiceName:[Constant sharedConstant].G_WS_TODOCENTER_GETWORKFLOWTODOCOUNT
                                                                wsParameters:wsParas
                                                                    userName:[Constant sharedConstant].P_USER_NAME
                                                                    passWord:[Constant sharedConstant].P_PASSWORD];
    
    //检查响应中是否包含错误
    NSString * errMsg = [WebService checkResponseError:theResponse];
    
    //接下来的代码就是检查errMsg有没有内容
    //再接下来就是theResponse响应字符串的解析了

</pre>

注意这个调用例子里面的WebService的参数UserName和调用windows集成验证时提供的userName,是两回事啊⋯⋯

 

原文地址:http://www.cocoachina.com/bbs/simple/?t98388.html

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