当前位置: 首页 > 工具软件 > UCanAccess > 使用案例 >

Java8 连接Access数据库---UCanAccess 方式介绍

洪鸿博
2023-12-01

Java8 连接Access数据库—UCanAccess 方式介绍

  • Java8 中JDK1.8中不再包含access桥接驱动,因此不再支持jdbcodbc桥接方式。
  • 解决方法:
    • 1.java Access JDBC jar包:Access_JDBC30.jar使用导入数据库相应的jar包,进行连接。
    • 2.UCanAccess是一个Microsoft Access的开源JDBC驱动实现
      • 支持 Access 2000、2003、2007、2010 及后续高版本
      • 支持 SELECT, INSERT,UPDATE,DELETE 语句。 事务和savepoints。
      • 支持数据类型:YESNO,BYTE,INTEGER,LONG,SINGLE,DOUBLE,NUMERIC,CURRENCY,COUNTER,TEXT,OLE,MEMO,GUID,DATETIME。
      • 支持多用户并发访问。
      • 支持连接池。
      • 支持MS Access SQL。
      • 限制:
        • 只支持基本的DDL操作。
        • 较差的多进程访问支持。
  • maven配置:
<!--AccessDB 数据库  驱动-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>net.sf.ucanaccess</groupId>
      <artifactId>ucanaccess</artifactId>
      <version>4.0.1</version>
    </dependency>
  • 连接工具类
package com.hyman.date0702_0708.accessdb;

import java.sql.*;

/**
 * @program: javalearning
 * @Date: 2018/7/11 11:03
 * @Author: hyman.hu
 * @Description: 工具类
 */
public class AccessDBUtils {

    private static final String dbURL = "jdbc:ucanaccess://" +
            "C:\\Users\\skysoft\\Desktop\\天软物料管理系统\\hyman.accdb";

    /*
     * 加载驱动
     */
    static {
        try {
            // Step 1: Loading or registering Oracle JDBC driver class
            Class.forName("net.ucanaccess.jdbc.UcanaccessDriver");
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException cnfex) {
            System.out.println("Problem in loading or registering MS Access JDBC driver");
            cnfex.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    //建立连接
    public static Connection getConn() {
        try {
            // Step 2: Opening database connection
            // Step 2.A: Create and get connection using DriverManager class
            return DriverManager.getConnection(dbURL);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println("AccessDB connection fail");
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return null;
    }

    // 关闭资源
    public static void close(Connection con, PreparedStatement ps, ResultSet rs) {
        try {
            if (rs != null)
                rs.close();// 这里出现异常了,rs关闭了吗?,如果没有怎么解决,ps , con也是一样的。
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            try {
                if (ps != null)
                    ps.close();
            } catch (SQLException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } finally {
                if (con != null)
                    try {
                        con.close();
                    } catch (Exception e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
            }
        }
    }
}
  • 查询简单封装工具类
package com.hyman.date0702_0708.accessdb;

import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.sql.*;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * @program: javalearning
 * @Date: 2018/7/11 13:56
 * @Author: hyman.hu
 * @Description: DB工具类
 */
public class DBUtils {
    /**
     * 增加、删除、改
     *
     * @param sql    sql
     * @param params 参数
     * @return 添加结果
     */
    public static boolean update(String sql, List<Object> params) throws SQLException {
        int result = -1;
        Connection conn = null;
        PreparedStatement ps = null;
        try {
            conn = AccessDBUtils.getConn();
            assert conn != null;//直接抛异常
            ps = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
            int index = 1;
            if (params != null && !params.isEmpty()) {
                for (Object param : params) {
                    ps.setObject(index++, param);
                }
            }
            result = ps.executeUpdate();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            try {
                assert conn != null;
                conn.rollback();
            } catch (SQLException e1) {
                e1.printStackTrace();
            }
            throw e;
        } finally {
            AccessDBUtils.close(conn, ps, null);
        }
        return result > 0;
    }

    /**
     * 查询多条记录
     *
     * @param sql    sql
     * @param params 参数
     * @return 查询结果
     */
    public static List<Map<String, Object>> select(String sql, List<Object> params) throws SQLException {
        List<Map<String, Object>> list = new ArrayList<>();
        int index = 1;
        Connection conn = null;
        PreparedStatement ps = null;
        ResultSet rs = null;
        try {
            conn = AccessDBUtils.getConn();
            assert conn != null;
            ps = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
            if (params != null && !params.isEmpty()) {
                for (Object param : params) {
                    ps.setObject(index++, param);
                }
            }
            rs = ps.executeQuery();
            ResultSetMetaData metaData = rs.getMetaData();
            int col_len = metaData.getColumnCount();
            Map<String, Object> map = null;
            while (rs.next()) {
                map = new HashMap<>();
                for (int i = 0; i < col_len; i++) {
                    String cols_name = metaData.getColumnName(i + 1);
                    Object cols_value = rs.getObject(cols_name);
                    if (cols_value == null) {
                        cols_value = "";
                    }
                    map.put(cols_name, cols_value);
                }
                list.add(map);
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            throw e;
        } finally {
            AccessDBUtils.close(conn, ps, rs);
        }
        return list;
    }

    /**
     * 通过反射机制查询多条记录
     *
     * @param sql    sql
     * @param params 参数
     * @param clazz  类
     * @return 查询结果
     */
    public static <T> List<T> select(String sql, List<Object> params,
                                     Class<T> clazz) throws SQLException, NoSuchFieldException, InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException {
        List<T> list = new ArrayList<>();
        int index = 1;
        Connection conn = null;
        PreparedStatement ps = null;
        ResultSet rs = null;
        try {
            conn = AccessDBUtils.getConn();
            assert conn != null;
            ps = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
            if (params != null && !params.isEmpty()) {
                for (Object param : params) {
                    ps.setObject(index++, param);
                }
            }
            rs = ps.executeQuery();
            ResultSetMetaData metaData = rs.getMetaData();
            int cols_len = metaData.getColumnCount();
            T t;
            while (rs.next()) {
                //通过反射机制创建一个实例
                t = clazz.newInstance();
                for (int i = 0; i < cols_len; i++) {
                    String cols_name = metaData.getColumnName(i + 1);
                    Object cols_value = rs.getObject(cols_name);
                    if (cols_value == null) {
                        cols_value = "";
                    }
                    Field field = clazz.getDeclaredField(cols_name);//获取对象属性
                    field.setAccessible(true); //打开javabean的访问权限
                    field.set(t, cols_value);
                }
                list.add(t);
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            throw e;
        } finally {
            AccessDBUtils.close(conn, ps, rs);
        }
        return list;
    }

}
  • 实体测试类
package com.hyman.date0702_0708.accessdb;

/**
 * @program: javalearning
 * @Date: 2018/7/11 14:23
 * @Author: hyman.hu
 * @Description:
 */
public class User {
    private Integer userId;
    private String userName;
    private String email;
    private Integer age;

    public User() {
    }

    public Integer getUserId() {
        return userId;
    }

    public void setUserId(Integer userId) {
        this.userId = userId;
    }

    public String getUserName() {
        return userName;
    }

    public void setUserName(String userName) {
        this.userName = userName;
    }

    public String getEmail() {
        return email;
    }

    public void setEmail(String email) {
        this.email = email;
    }

    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "userId=" + userId +
                ", userName='" + userName + '\'' +
                ", email='" + email + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                '}';
    }
}
  • 测试类
package com.hyman.date0702_0708.accessdb;

import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * @program: javalearning
 * @Date: 2018/7/11 11:36
 * @Author: hyman.hu
 * @Description: 测试类
 */
public class TestClass {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws SQLException, InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException, NoSuchFieldException {
//        List<User> list =  DBUtils.select("select * from User",null,User.class);
//        System.out.println(list);
        String sql = "insert into User (userName,email,age) values (?,?,?)";
        List<Object> list = new ArrayList<>();
        list.add("andy");
        list.add("andy.zhu@cdskysoft.com");
        list.add(29);
        System.out.println(DBUtils.update(sql,list));
    }
}
 类似资料: