java使用pinyin4j实现汉字到拼音转换

1、在pom文件中导入pinyin4j的依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.belerweb</groupId>
    <artifactId>pinyin4j</artifactId>
    <version>2.5.1</version>
</dependency>

2、汉字转拼音实现方法
2.1 获取首拼

public static String getStartPinYin(String str){

        if (StringUtils.isEmpty(str)){
            return "#";
        }
        //获取第一个字母或者汉子
        char charAt = str.charAt(0);
        for (int i = 0;i<str.length();i++){
            char c = str.charAt(i);
            if (StringUtils.isAlpha(c+"")){
                charAt = c;
                break;
            }
        }

        if (Character.isLowerCase(charAt) || Character.isUpperCase(charAt)){
            return Character.toUpperCase(charAt)+"";
        }
        HanyuPinyinOutputFormat format = new HanyuPinyinOutputFormat();
        format.setCaseType(HanyuPinyinCaseType.LOWERCASE);
        format.setToneType(HanyuPinyinToneType.WITHOUT_TONE);
        String pinYin = null;
        try {
            pinYin = PinyinHelper.toHanYuPinyinString(str, format, "", false);
        } catch (BadHanyuPinyinOutputFormatCombination badHanyuPinyinOutputFormatCombination) {
            //badHanyuPinyinOutputFormatCombination.printStackTrace();
            return "#";
        }
        if (StringUtils.isEmpty(pinYin)){
            return "#";
        }
        return pinYin.substring(0,1).toUpperCase();
    }

2.2 多音字，获取多音字的所有拼音

public static Map.Entry<String, String>  converterToSpell(String chines) {
        if (StringUtils.isBlank(chines)){
            return new AbstractMap.SimpleEntry("#", "");
        }
        StringBuffer pinyinName = new StringBuffer();
        char[] nameChar = chines.toCharArray();
        HanyuPinyinOutputFormat defaultFormat = new HanyuPinyinOutputFormat();
        defaultFormat.setCaseType(HanyuPinyinCaseType.LOWERCASE);
        defaultFormat.setToneType(HanyuPinyinToneType.WITHOUT_TONE);
        for (int i = 0; i < nameChar.length; i++) {
            if (nameChar[i] > 128) {
                try {
                    // 取得当前汉字的所有全拼
                    String[] strs = PinyinHelper.toHanyuPinyinStringArray(
                            nameChar[i], defaultFormat);
                    if (strs != null) {
                        for (int j = 0; j < strs.length; j++) {
                            pinyinName.append(strs[j]);
                            if (j != strs.length - 1) {
                                pinyinName.append(",");
                            }
                        }
                    }
                } catch (BadHanyuPinyinOutputFormatCombination e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            } else {
                pinyinName.append(nameChar[i]);
            }
            pinyinName.append(" ");
        }
        // return pinyinName.toString();
        String s = parseTheChineseByObject(discountTheChinese(pinyinName.toString()));
        return getSortFirst(s);
    }


private static String parseTheChineseByObject(
            List<Map<String, Integer>> list) {
        Map<String, Integer> first = null; // 用于统计每一次,集合组合数据
        // 遍历每一组集合
        for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {
            // 每一组集合与上一次组合的Map
            Map<String, Integer> temp = new Hashtable<String, Integer>();
            // 第一次循环，first为空
            if (first != null) {
                // 取出上次组合与此次集合的字符，并保存
                for (String s : first.keySet()) {
                    for (String s1 : list.get(i).keySet()) {
                        String str = s + s1;
                        temp.put(str, 1);
                    }
                }
                // 清理上一次组合数据
                if (temp != null && temp.size() > 0) {
                    first.clear();
                }
            } else {
                for (String s : list.get(i).keySet()) {
                    String str = s;
                    temp.put(str, 1);
                }
            }
            // 保存组合数据以便下次循环使用
            if (temp != null && temp.size() > 0) {
                first = temp;
            }
        }
        String returnStr = "";
        if (first != null) {
            // 遍历取出组合字符串
            for (String str : first.keySet()) {
                returnStr += (str + ",");
            }
        }
        if (returnStr.length() > 0) {
            returnStr = returnStr.substring(0, returnStr.length() - 1);
        }
        return returnStr;
    }


private static Map.Entry<String, String>  getSortFirst(String arrayStr){
        Map.Entry<String, String> entryMap = new AbstractMap.SimpleEntry("#", "");
        if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(arrayStr)){
            if (arrayStr.contains(",")){
                TreeMap<String,String> sortMap = new TreeMap<>();
                String[] split = arrayStr.split(",");
                for (int i = 0; i < split.length; i++) {
                    //获取首字母排序
                    sortMap.put(getStartPinYin(split[i]),split[i].toLowerCase());
                }
                Map.Entry<String, String> entry = sortMap.pollFirstEntry();
                return entry;

            }else {
                entryMap = new  AbstractMap.SimpleEntry(getStartPinYin(arrayStr), arrayStr);

                /*map.put("allPinYin",arrayStr);
                map.put("firstStart",getStartPinYin(arrayStr));*/
            }

        }
        return entryMap;
    }